Nepenthes thorelii
Nepenthes thorelii | |
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A lower pitcher of the lectotype of N. thorelii held at the Paris herbarium | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Caryophyllales |
Family: | Nepenthaceae |
Genus: | Nepenthes |
Species: | N. thorelii
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Binomial name | |
Nepenthes thorelii | |
Synonyms | |
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Nepenthes thorelii
Botanical history
The first known collection of N. thorelii was made by
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Nepthorelii1.jpg/220px-Nepthorelii1.jpg)
Nepenthes thorelii was
In 1983, Bruce Lee Bednar wrote that cultivated plants labelled as
In their 1997 monograph on the genus Nepenthes,
Compounds derived from plants identified as N. thorelii have been the subject of some research. A 1998 article reported that
Rediscovery
In November 2009, photographs surfaced on the internet which appeared to show N. thorelii in its natural habitat in Vietnam, growing at 0–200 m
Nepenthes thorelii was rediscovered within a military zone in
As of today, Nepenthes thorelii has officially been relocated in Vietnam, within Tay Ninh province, its type locality [...] the specimens studied in situ at the so-called Sữa Đá (Sua Da) site fall neatly into the description made by Lecomte in 1909, and match the specimens at the Paris herbarium perfectly. This is therefore the first time that the species has been formally identified and collected [...] by qualified botanists in one hundred and two years. Given the recent elimination of potential communities of this taxon by poachers, details of the site will not be made public for the foreseeable future, a decision made in concert with the Institute of Tropical Biology in Ho Chi Minh -- with whom we conducted the expedition -- in order to protect this critically endangered taxon.
Description
Nepenthes thorelii is a shrub with an erect stem having a smooth circular cross section and a tapering form. The stem reaches 40 cm in height and is 4 to 8 mm in diameter. The species has a well-developed perennial rootstock that produces shoots every wet season. The rootstock is irregularly branched and measures up to 2 cm in width.[6]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Nepthorelii8.jpg/180px-Nepthorelii8.jpg)
Leaves vary in shape from linear-
Rosette and lower pitchers are ovoid in shape and measure up to 11.5 cm in height by 4.5 cm in width. They are light green with reddish markings and a reddish lid. A pair of wings up to 8 mm wide runs down the front of each pitcher. These wings bear fringe elements up to 5 mm long and spaced around 2 mm apart. The pitcher mouth is ovate-triangular and has an oblique insertion. The
Upper pitchers arise from uncurled tendrils. They are obovate, becoming narrower towards the mouth. They are similar in size to their lower counterparts, reaching 12.5 cm in height by 4.5 cm in width. In aerial pitchers, the broad wings of the lower pitchers are reduced to narrow structures only 1 to 1.5 mm wide, with shorter acuminate fringe elements (≤1.5 mm long) spaced 3 to 7 mm apart. As in lower pitchers, the pitcher mouth is oblique and concave. The peristome is rounded and 3 to 5 mm wide, with a regularly undulate outer margin. The lid is similar to that of the lower pitchers.[6]
Nepenthes thorelii has a large racemose inflorescence. The peduncle is 8 to 18 cm long, while the rachis is 50 to 70 cm long. Partial peduncles are one-flowered. Pedicels are up to 6 mm long and may or may not be shortly bracteate.[6]
The species has an indumentum of simple or branched white hairs between 0.3 and 0.4 mm long.[6]
The
Ecology
Nepenthes thorelii is known with certainty only from
Nepenthes thorelii occurs in seasonally dry
Since the extent of its natural range is uncertain, N. thorelii is listed as
Related species
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Nepthorelii2.jpg/200px-Nepthorelii2.jpg)
Nepenthes thorelii is closely related to the
Distinguishing features of N. thorelii include the large rootstock that allows it to perennate through dry and wet seasons, the uncurled tendrils of upper pitchers, and its large inflorescence. However, the extent of the variation of the Indochinese species is unknown, making them difficult to circumscribe.[6]
Nepenthes thorelii is also allied to N. bokorensis of Cambodia, from which it differs in several aspects of vegetative morphology. Firstly, the lamina of N. bokorensis is sessile to sub-petiolate and only slightly decurrent down the stem, if at all.[24] In comparison, N. thorelii has an amplexicaul leaf attachment and the base of the lamina is decurrent into two wings that extend up to 2.5 cm down the stem.[6] In addition, N. thorelii has wholly ovoid lower pitchers, whereas those of N. bokorensis are only ovate in the basal third, becoming cylindrical above.[24]
In his Carnivorous Plant Database, taxonomist
Natural hybrids
Putative
References
- ^ . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ a b Lecomte, H. 1909. Les Nepenthes d'indo-Chine. In: H. Lecomte (ed.) Notulae systematicae, I. pp. 59–65.
- ^ Mey, F.S. 2010. "The Elusive Nepenthes thorelii" (PDF). In: S.R. McPherson Carnivorous Plants and their Habitats. Volume 2. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 1340–1367.
- ^ Ziemer, B. 2010. Exciting conservation news: The Rare Nepenthes Collection project! Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 39(3): 67.
- ^ a b Specimen Details: Nepenthes thorelii Lecomte. The New York Botanical Garden.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.
- ^ Song, L.C. 1979. Nepenthes crosses made at California State University, Fullerton. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 8(1): 13.
- ^ Schlauer, J. 2006. Nepenthes thorelii Archived 2012-02-07 at the Wayback Machine. Carnivorous Plant Database.
- ^ 12(3): 64.
- ^ a b McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
- Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague.
- ^ Likhitwitayawuid, K., R. Kaewamatawong, N. Ruangrungsi & J. Krungkrai 1998. Antimalarial naphthoquinones from Nepenthes thorelii. Planta Medica 64(3): 237–241.
- ^ Takahashi, K., M. Tanji & C. Shibata 2007. Variations in the content and isozymic composition of nepenthesin in the pitcher fluids among Nepenthes species. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 36(3): 73–76.
- ^ a b "sonpsychic" 2010. N. thorelii rediscovered Archived 2012-02-23 at the Wayback Machine. Carnivorous Plants in the tropics.
- ^ Mey, F.S. 2010. In search of Nepenthes thorelii Archived 2011-10-08 at the Wayback Machine. Carnivorous Plants in the tropics.
- ^ a b c d Nepenthes thorelii - a resolution. CPUK Forum, August 6, 2011.
- ^ Kondo, K. 1969. Chromosome numbers of carnivorous plants. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 96(3): 322–328.
- ^ Heubl, G.R. & A. Wistuba 1997. A cytological study of the genus Nepenthes L. (Nepenthaceae). Sendtnera 4: 169–174.
- ^ Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. Flora Malesiana 15: 1–157.
- ^ New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 104–131.
- Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Peninsular Malaysia and Indochina. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
- ^ Kurata, S. 1976. Nepenthes of Mount Kinabalu. Sabah National Parks Publications No. 2, Sabah National Parks Trustees, Kota Kinabalu.
- ^ a b Mey, F.S. 2009. "Nepenthes bokorensis, a new species of Nepenthaceae from Cambodia" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-23. Carniflora Australis 7(1): 6–15.
- ^ Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes suratensis Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine. Carnivorous Plant Database.
- ^ Mey, F.S. 2012. Virtual Nepenthes herbarium on "Europeana". Strange Fruits: A Garden's Chronicle, December 19, 2012.
Further reading
- (in Indonesian) Mansur, M. 2001. "Koleksi Nepenthes di Herbarium Bogoriense: prospeknya sebagai tanaman hias" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-19. In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253.
- Meimberg, H., P. Dittrich, G. Bringmann, J. Schlauer & G. Heubl 2000. Molecular phylogeny of Caryophyllidae s.l. based on matK sequences with special emphasis on carnivorous taxa. Plant Biology 2(2): 218–228.
- Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology 3(2): 164–175.
- (in German) Meimberg, H. 2002. "Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l." (PDF). Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.
- Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840.
- Meimberg, H., S. Thalhammer, A. Brachmann & G. Heubl 2006. Comparative analysis of a translocated copy of the trnK intron in carnivorous family Nepenthaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 478–490.
- Mey, F.S. 2010. "Introduction to the pitcher plants (Nepenthes) of Cambodia" (PDF). Cambodian Journal of Natural History 2010(2): 106–117.
- Mey, F.S. 2012. Nepenthes thorelii. In: "AIPC Special Issue 4: News of 2011" (PDF). Associazione Italiana Piante Carnivore. p. 27.
- Mey, F.S. 2014. 'Nepenthes of Indochina', my 2010 ICPS lecture now on Youtube. Strange Fruits: A Garden's Chronicle, February 3, 2014.
- (in Czech) Neubauer, J. 1999. Portréty rostlin - Nepenthes thorelii. Trifid 1999(2): 28–29. (page 2)
- Nunn, R. & C.N.A. Vu 2016. An account of the Nepenthes species of Vietnam. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 45(3): 93–101.
- Rottloff, S., R. Stieber, H. Maischak, F.G. Turini, G. Heubl & A. Mithöfer 2011. Functional characterization of a class III acid endochitinase from the traps of the carnivorous pitcher plant genus, Nepenthes. Journal of Experimental Botany 62(13): 4639–4647.
External links
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