Nepenthes faizaliana

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Nepenthes faizaliana
An upper pitcher of Nepenthes faizaliana from Mount Api

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Nepenthaceae
Genus: Nepenthes
Species:
N. faizaliana
Binomial name
Nepenthes faizaliana
J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1991)[2]

Nepenthes faizaliana /nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌfaɪzæliˈɑːnə/ is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the limestone cliffs of Gunung Mulu National Park in Sarawak, Borneo. It is thought to be most closely related to N. boschiana.[3]

Botanical history

The

type specimen of N. faizaliana, S 44163 (Lai & Jugah), was collected on November 10, 1981, on Batu Panjang[4] in Gunung Mulu National Park.[5] The holotype is deposited at the Sarawak Forest Department Herbarium (SAR) in Kuching, Sarawak; isotypes are held at the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K) and at the National Herbarium of the Netherlands (L) in Leiden.[5]

Nepenthes faizaliana was

J. H. Adam and C. C. Wilcock. The description was published in the botanical journal Blumea.[2] Nepenthes faizaliana was named after Muhammad Khairul Faizal, son of describing author J. H. Adam.[2]

In 1997,

heterotypic synonym of N. stenophylla in their monograph on the genus.[6] This treatment was followed by Anthea Phillipps and Anthony Lamb in their book Pitcher-Plants of Borneo.[7] However, Charles Clarke retained N. faizaliana as a distinct species in his monograph Nepenthes of Borneo, which was published a few months after the work of Jebb and Cheek.[3] This interpretation has been supported by subsequent authors.[4][5][8][9]

Description

The climbing stem of Nepenthes faizaliana may be up to 8 mm in diameter. Internodes are cylindrical in cross section and up to 3 cm long.[3]

A lower pitcher

The leaves alternate around the stem. They are

midrib. Pinnate veins are indistinct. Tendrils reach 20 cm in length.[3]

Lower pitchers have not been formally described,

spur is inserted near the base of the lid.[3]

An intermediate pitcher

Nepenthes faizaliana has a

SE = 0.4; CV = 7.6%).[12]

Nepenthes faizaliana bears an indumentum of white, stellate hairs on its stem and petioles. The upper surface of the lamina is glabrous, whereas the underside has a sparse covering of short, branched hairs. In addition, long white hairs are present at the base of the midrib.[3]

Ecology

Nepenthes faizaliana is endemic to the limestone peaks of Gunung Mulu National Park in Sarawak, Borneo.[3] It typically occurs at elevations of 1000 to 1600 m above sea level,[3][9] although it has been recorded from elevations as low as 400 m.[10] N. faizaliana occurs both terrestrially and as an epiphyte on limestone outcrops and exposed ridge tops.[10] It grows in close proximity to a number of other Nepenthes species, including N. stenophylla, N. tentaculata, and N. vogelii, but only one putative natural hybrid with N. veitchii has been recorded.[8]

Nepenthes faizaliana growing along the Pinnacles Trail on Mount Api

Although most populations of N. faizaliana are remote and inaccessible to regular visitors, the species can be easily observed along the Pinnacles Trail on Mount Api.[10][13]

Related species

Nepenthes faizaliana belongs to the loosely defined "N. maxima complex", which also includes, among other species, N. boschiana, N. chaniana, N. epiphytica, N. eymae, N. fusca, N. klossii, N. maxima, N. platychila, N. stenophylla, and N. vogelii.[14]

Nepenthes faizaliana appears to be most closely related to N. boschiana. These two species differ in the extent of their indumentums; that of N. faizaliana is well developed and conspicuous, while mature plants of N. boschiana are virtually glabrous. In addition, the lower pitchers of N. boschiana tend to have a more bulbous base and a wider peristome. The upper pitchers are hard to distinguish, although those of N. boschiana usually have a wider mouth. Charles Clarke writes that these differences are "not major" and that "closer comparisons seem warranted".[3] Nepenthes boschiana and N. faizaliana are both limestone endemics and occur on the highest limestone formations in Borneo: the Meratus Range and the cliffs of Gunung Mulu National Park, respectively.[3]

An upper pitcher of N. faizaliana (left) and N. stenophylla (right)

Nepenthes faizaliana is also similar to

N. fallax in synonymy with N. stenophylla, while others consider them to be two distinct species, with plants commonly referred to as N. stenophylla actually representing N. fallax.[3][15][16]

Nepenthes faizaliana also bears a resemblance to N. fusca. In their description of the former, Adam and Wilcock distinguished these taxa on the basis of inflorescence structure, the size of the glandular region on the inner surface of upper pitchers, and the development and characteristics of the indumentum.[2][3] In addition, N. faizaliana differs in having an orbicular pitcher lid, as opposed to the very narrow lid of N. fusca.[3]

References

  1. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T40108A143966870.en
    . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d Adam, J.H. & C.C. Wilcock 1991. A new species of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from Sarawak. Blumea 36(1): 123–125.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Clarke, C.M. 1997. Nepenthes of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
  4. ^ a b Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes faizaliana. Carnivorous Plant Database.
  5. ^ a b c Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. Flora Malesiana 15: 1–157.
  6. ^ Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.
  7. ^ Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. Pitcher-Plants of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
  8. ^
    Pitcher Plants of Borneo
    . Second Edition. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
  9. ^ a b McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
  10. ^
    Pitcher Plants of Sarawak
    . Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
  11. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x
  12. ^ Adam, J.H. & C.C. Wilcock 1999. Palynological study of Bornean Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 22(1): 1–7.
  13. Borneo: Its Mountains and Lowlands with their Pitcher Plants
    . Toihaan Publishing Company, Kota Kinabalu.
  14. New Nepenthes: Volume One
    . Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 36–51.
  15. ^ Schlauer, J. 2006. Nepenthes fallax Archived 2020-05-13 at the Wayback Machine. Carnivorous Plant Database.
  16. ^ Schlauer, J. 1996. N.stenophylla, once again. Carnivorous Plant Mailing List, May 31, 1996.

Further reading

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nepenthes faizaliana.
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