User:WormTT/Adopt/Gilderien

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
<
User:WormTT‎ | Adopt

Gilderien (talk · contribs)

Hi Gilderien, and welcome to your adoption center. I've substituted across a lesson for you and I thought you'd like to know that you do now have your own official page. As you can see from

User:Worm That Turned/Adopt, I've created an adoption HQ, where you can read ahead in the lessons. I haven't finished them all as yet - the red linked ones are likely to change, but feel free to read ahead - it might help. The tests might include a couple of extra unique questions if I see an area that you might need a little extra development - don't take it as a negative, it should help. Also we now have a talk area for us to use, away from the more public areas - if you would like to use it - it's at User Talk:Worm That Turned/Adopt/Gilderien. Let me know if there's anything else you'd like to see WormTT · (talk
) 11:55, 30 December 2011 (UTC)

The Five Pillars Wikiquette Copyright
Dispute Resolution Deletion Policy Policies and consensus
Templates Vandalism Complete
The Worm That Turned Adoption Course Barnstar
Well done on completing the course! I'm sorry I've been so slow on all the jobs, but you've been an excellent student and have the makings of a great wikipedian. If you ever need any help, you know where I am, but go out there and be confident that you know more than the average joe! WormTT(talk) 10:37, 16 July 2012 (UTC)
Wikimarkup


How to Edit

So by now you know how to edit pages, one of the most important features of Wikipedia. The interesting bit, however, is getting things to look, well, interesting. There are a number of different bits of code that you can use in your editing to create different effects when the page is saved - they can be as simple as bold text or italics, but different bits of code can be combined to make a very appealing layout.

I should warn you that in most cases, special formatting is frowned upon in articles. It should only be used in certain situations, and when it is necessary to illustrate a particular point. Aside from those cases, text in articles should be just as you see it in this sentence - plain black, with only the occasional

wikilink
to spice things up.

) is a subpage of that subpage. You can create user subpages by searching for the page you want to create in the search box. It won't find it, of course, however a red link will appear at the top of the page. Click on that, and edit away! For example, try searching for User:Worm That Turned/Example and creating it.

To make your sandboxes, we're going to skip a few steps. This is a handy little box that we can use to start making a new page. It will bring you to your own personal sandbox, which you can start using right away.


Now that you have somewhere to test all this code out in, let's start showing you what all it does. Here we go!

Toolbar
Button
What it does The code it makes Short description What it looks like Notes
Bold text '''Bold text''' Three apostrophes (') on either side of the bold text Bold text The title of an article is always in bold the first time you see it.
Italic text ''Italic text'' Two apostrophes (') on either side of the italic text Italic text
Internal, or "Wiki" link [[Link Title]] Two square brackets on either side of the link Link Title OR Wikipedia OR User:WormTT/Adopt/Gilderien Pages that do not exist appear in red (Hence the name "red link"), blue if they do exist, and in bold if they link to the page they are on.
Internal link, but this time with a twist [[Link Title|displayed text]] An internal link, with a pipe (usually found under the backspace) separating the title and the text to be displayed The free encyclopedia By inserting a pipe, you can make different text appear. Clicking on the link to the left will bring you to Wikipedia.
External link [http://www.example.org link title] A single square bracket on either side of the URL and title. The URL and link title are separated by a space. link title The arrow you see indicates an external link. Other symbols represent other types of pages: A lock for an https:// or "secure" site, an
Adobe PDF
logo for .pdf extensions, a smiley-face speech bubble for irc:// channels, among others.
Level 2 section heading == Headline text == Two equals signs on either side of the headline. To avoid breaking the Table of Contents, I will not demonstrate this here. The heading with your username is a level 2 header, and the heading above this table (How To Edit) is a level 3 (=== level 3 ===) Lower-level headers can be created with more equals signs. Only one equals sign on either side makes a level 1, usually only found in the title of the page. Level 2 headers are most common, and levels 3 and lower allow more specific divisions.
Insert image [[File:Bad Title Example.png]] Exactly the same as an internal link, however the pipe works differently. The Image: prefix and .jpg (or whatever) extension MUST be present. The image size, framing, location, and captioning can all be controlled using the pipe character mentioned before. The most common application is [[File:Bad Title Example.png|thumb|caption here]], which produces a captioned thumbnail as you see in the picture of the toolbar above. Further settings are described in Wikipedia:Extended image syntax.
Insert media [[Media:Example.ogg]] OR [[File:Example.ogg]] Exactly the same as an internal link, however pipes should not be used. The "Media:" OR "Image:" prefix and ".ogg" extension MUST be present. Media:Example.ogg OR Sound files are always in .ogg format, for reasons we'll get to later on. Don't worry if you've never heard of it before, the MediaWiki software features a built-in player, which you can get to appear by using the "Image:" prefix instead of "Media:". It doesn't make any sense to me, but that's how it works.
Mathematical formula <math>Insert formula here</math> Two math "tags", a technical term (not really) for two angle brackets surrounding the word "math". A closing tag is indicated with a slash.
This gets super-complicated and math formulas are only used on a limited number of articles anyway, so I won't go into too much detail. If you really want to play with it, there's an index of character codes at
Help:Math
.
If these formulas do not display properly, please let me know. Oh, and yes, I know it's American :(
Ignore wiki formatting <nowiki>[[Insert]] '''non-formatted''' ''text'' here</nowiki> Two "nowiki" tags. [[Insert]] '''non-formatted''' ''text'' here This code I've been using throughout the table to show you the code. Any wikimarkup inside a nowiki tag is ignored and displayed as written.
Signature with time stamp --~~~~ The operative bit of the code is four tildes (that squiggly bit next to the 1 key). The two dashes don't do anything. --WormTT 22:09, 24 February 2011 (UTC) Three tildes (top) only display your signature. Four tildes (middle) show your signature with a timestamp, and are most commonly used. Five tildes (bottom) give only the timestamp.
Horizontal line ---- Four dashes.
Please use sparingly.
Buttons shown below this line are only used on Wikipedia. While the code will do the same thing on other wikis, you may not see a button for it on your toolbar.
Create a
redirect
#REDIRECT [[Insert title]] The phrase "#REDIRECT" followed by a wikilink to the target page. Preview "Acidic", a redirect page Redirects are intended to correct spelling and capitalization mistakes in searches (since the search sucks) and reduce confusion over related terms. Any link to a redirect page will send you instead to the target - for example, click on
Acidic
and see where it takes you.
WARNINGS: The code must be on the first line of a page to operate. Also, NEVER redirect to a redirect. This creates a "double redirect", which can screw up the server, your browser, and your brain, if you're the one trying to search for something.
Strike-through text <s>Strike-through text</s> This is one of the few active HTML tags. It's two "s" tags around the text. Strike-through text This is usually used when someone is retracting a comment they made in a discussion or talk page, but wishes to leave the comment visible as a matter of record. Note that even if something is removed on Wikipedia, you can still find it in the history.
Line break Before<br />After Again, an HTML tag. A single tag with two variations: <br> or <br />. I haven't been able to find any difference between the two. Before
After
Useful on Wikipedia because simply hitting "Enter" doesn't work. You have to hit enter twice to make a new paragraph, or use this to knock it down a line.
Superscript x<sup>3</sup> HTML "sup" tags x3 Not much to say here. This is NOT what you use to make footnotes, though. That button comes later. This also doesn't work in math formulas, so don't try it.
Subscript H<sub>2</sub>O HTML "sub" tags H2O See above.
Smaller text <small>Small Text</small> Big text HTML "small" tags Small Text Big text Nothing to say here either.
Comment <!-- Comment --> Same as the HTML code for comments. Angle bracket, exclamation point, two dashes, your comment, two dashes, closing angle bracket. Note how nothing appeared in that box. There is something there, it just didn't print. These are usually used to leave unobtrusive messages to editors about articles. For a funny example of a comment in action, go to Madness and click the edit button.
Picture gallery
<gallery>

Image:Example.png|Caption1
Image:Example.png|Caption2
</gallery>

Two "gallery" tags, which enclose a list of images to be included in the gallery. Captions can be added by inserting a pipe after the image name, followed by the caption. Demonstration not possible here. Click the link to the left to see an example. Galleries are a way to show several pictures in an article without cluttering them up, but they have been criticized for being "tacky," and really should be used sparingly.
Quoted text (appears indented) other text<blockquote>

abc
</blockquote>other text

Two "blockquote" tags around the quote other text

abc

other text
Should be used for extended quotes. If you use this, make sure to provide a
source
for the quote, and to use direct quotes as little as possible to avoid copyright infringement.
Insert table {| class="wikitable"

|-
abc
|}

Table syntax is complicated, and we'll cover that later on. This is a table. Like I said, we can cover this in a separate lesson if you want. It's not something I'm going to require.
Add a reference (footnote) blah blah<ref>Reference</ref> Two "ref" tags around the reference text. blah blah[1] References are displayed using the code <references />. There's a fancy bit of coding you can do to make the same reference appear multiple times, demonstrated in the second line. By adding a name="blah" parameter to the first instance of a reference, you can make the same reference appear more than once. I have these footnotes displayed below the table so you can see how they appear.
Add a duplicate reference blah blah<ref name="copy">Duplicate</ref> blah blah<ref name="copy"/> The duplicate reference has a slash at the end of the tag. blah blah[2] blah blah[2]

The references

(That was a level 4 header, with four equals signs)

  1. ^ Reference
  2. ^ a b Duplicate

Other stuff

You can make lists and indents by adding characters to the beginning of a paragraph, like so:

A space before your paragraph will make the paragraph display in a box with machine font, and will cause it to run off the page if it is long enough.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

A colon (:) will cause a block indent, with all lines starting away from the edge of the page.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

An asterisk (*) will make a bullet.

  • Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

A pound or number sign (#) makes a numbered list.

  1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
  2. Curabitur pretium tincidunt lacus. Nulla gravida orci a odio. Nullam varius, turpis et commodo pharetra, est eros bibendum elit, nec luctus magna felis sollicitudin mauris. Integer in mauris eu nibh euismod gravida. Duis ac tellus et risus vulputate vehicula. Donec lobortis risus a elit. Etiam tempor. Ut ullamcorper, ligula eu tempor congue, eros est euismod turpis, id tincidunt sapien risus a quam. Maecenas fermentum consequat mi. Donec fermentum. Pellentesque malesuada nulla a mi. Duis sapien sem, aliquet nec, commodo eget, consequat quis, neque. Aliquam faucibus, elit ut dictum aliquet, felis nisl adipiscing sapien, sed malesuada diam lacus eget erat. Cras mollis scelerisque nunc. Nullam arcu. Aliquam consequat. Curabitur augue lorem, dapibus quis, laoreet et, pretium ac, nisi. Aenean magna nisl, mollis quis, molestie eu, feugiat in, orci. In hac habitasse platea dictumst.

You can mix and match the last three characters to get several different effects. The only caveat, though, is that you must have a continual line of #'s in order to maintain the numbering. This does not mean, however, that the numbered list has to be displayed at all times. See below for an example:

This code Produces this
:Lorem
:*Ipsum
:*#Dolor
:*#Sit
:*#*Amet
:*#Consectetur
Adipisicing
:::Edit
Lorem
  • Ipsum
    1. Dolor
    2. Sit
      • Amet
    3. Consectetur

Adipisicing

Edit

Note that you don't have to hit enter twice when starting a new line from one of these types of paragraphs. However, when you don't use them, you do. Those last two sentences are on a different line from this one in the editing box, but there is no line break when they are displayed.

Have fun!

Lesson 1 - Five pillars - COMPLETE

Imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge. That's what we're doing.

User:Jimbo Wales

The Five Pillars

One of the most important essays in Wikipedia is

WP:FIVEPILLARS
which is designed to eloquently sum up what we're here for.

  • Pillar one defines Wikipedia as an encyclopedia. It suggests some things that we are not. Thoughts about what we are not are covered in the deletion lesson.
  • Pillar two talks about neutrality, a concept that this lesson will be concentrating on.
  • Pillar three talks about free content. The Copyright lesson will go into this in more detail.
  • Pillar four talks about civility. Wikipedia is a collaborative working environment and nothing would ever get done if it wasn't. I'll go into civility more during the dispute resolution module.
  • Pillar five explains that Wikipedia does not have firm rules. This is a difficult concept and will be covered in the Policy and consensus lesson.

Once you get your head around these five pillars, you will be a Wikipedian and a good one at that. All 5 are covered in my adoption school, though at different lengths. Be aware that I don't know everything and I would doubt anyone who said they did.

How articles should be written

The articles in Wikipedia are designed to represent the sum of human knowledge. Each article should be written from a

neutral point of view – personal opinions such as right and wrong should never appear, nor should an editors experience. Neutrality also means giving due weight to the different points of view. If the broad scientific community has one set of opinions – then the minority opinion should not be shown. An example is in medicine – if there was an article on say treatment of a broken leg, a neutral article would not include anything on homeopathy
.

To ensure that the information in an article is correct, Wikipedia has adopted a policy of

original
.

Reliable sources

So what is a source? Wikipedia uses the word source for three interchangeable ideas – a piece of work, the work's creator or the work's publisher. In general, you would expect a reliable source to be published materials with a reliable publication process, authors who are regarded as authoritative in relation to the subject, or both. This doesn't mean that a source that is reliable on one topic is reliable on every topic, it must be regarded as authoritative in that topic – so whilst "Airfix monthly" may be a good source on the first model aeroplane, I would not expect it to be authoritative on their full size equivalent.

A source that is self-published is in general considered unreliable, unless it is published by a recognized expert in the field. This is a very rare exception – so self publishing is generally considered a no-no. This means that anything in a forum or a blog and even most websites are considered unreliable by default. One interesting sidepoint is on self-published sources talking about themselves. Obviously, a source talking about itself is going to be authoritative, but be careful that the source is not too self-serving – the article really should not be totally based on a direct source like that.

Mainstream news sources are generally considered reliable... but any single article should be assessed on a case by case basis. Some news organizations have been known to check their information on Wikipedia – so be careful not to get into a cyclic sourcing issue!

There's a lot more about what makes a source reliable

here
.

Questions?

Any questions or would you like to try the test?

Okay. Pretty sure I get this, apart from the question of whether one should (for example) add the fact that there is a minority viewpoint to a medical treatment article, if it is noted that this is not the view of the overwhelming majority of practitioners.--Gilderien Talk|Contribs 21:56, 3 January 2012 (UTC)
Ah, that's something I don't cover in depth - the
minority it is, we shouldn't mention it in a medical article. Articles should be neutral, but not necessarily mention everything. WormTT · (talk
) 09:32, 4 January 2012 (UTC)

Five Pillars

This test is going to be based on questions. Some questions will have right or wrong answers, whereas others are just designed to see if you are thinking in the right way. There's not time limit - answer in your own words and we'll talk about your answers.

1) Q - You have just discovered from a friend that the new Ford Escort is only going to be available in blue. Can you add this to the Ford Escort article and why?

A - In a word, no. Is "only" going to be available. What, new, used, re-painted? I searched the Ford UK website and couldn't find anything, and to be honest, "a friend" is hardly likely to be a reliable source. If they could show me a Ford press release then I might add it, but at the moment there is really no evidence.

2) Q - A mainstream newspaper has published a cartoon which you see is clearly racist as part of an article. Can you include this as an example of racism on the newspaper's article? What about on the racism article?

A - No, not in either - immediately.
WP:NPOV
says that what I might regard as racism could be radically different from what the population at large regards as racism. If I read the next day an article condemning the newspaper article as racist I would add this information to the article, stating that there was a response regarding it as racism.

3) Q - You find an article that shows that people in the state of

baldness
article or the butternut squash article?

A- Hmmm... I'm pretty sure that this counts as
WP:NOR
, and is probably just a correlation found by random sifting through data. If an article (preferably in a peer-reviewed journal) showed a causal or probable causal link, then I would add it to the article, but as of now, I think it is probably more in the Beatle Records/Sunspots class of link. (By the way, is this correlation actually true?)

4) Q - Would you consider

BBC news a reliable source on The Troubles? What about on ITV
?

A - Probably. It is meant to be "neutral". However, it does seem to (from my experience) "play down" the religious aspect of the conflict and use the euphemisms "nationalist" and "loyalist". ITV? Apart from most of its content being reality TV, its news has always seemed to me to be good quality, and it is more independent of the government than the BBC, so yes, probably.

5) Q - Would you consider

page a reliable source?

A- No. In my experience 84% of the information on Facebook is completely wrong, and the other 16% is partially inaccurate. We're here to build an encyclopædia, not a fan site.

6) Q - A "forum official" from the

Daily Telegraph
community forums comments on Daily Telegraph's stance on world hunger. Would this be a reliable source?

A- No. Community forums officials are generally not staff for the newspaper in question, and in any case shouldn't this be made by the editor, etc. or someone more "official"? It could be anyone with a POV agenda dissimilar to that of the DT.

7) Q - Would you have any problem with http://www.hopsandpips.com being used in a beer related article?

A - Hmm, will come back to this question when the website is back up. :-(

8) Q - Would you have any issue with using the About Us page on Xerox as a source for the history section of the Xerox article.

A - "No one understands this better than Xerox. We are the world’s leading enterprise for business process and document management." Hmm.... Wouldn't use this. Massively POV and biased. However, this -

"160 countries We extend our global reach through wholly-owned subsidiaries of regional office technology dealers, as well as more than 6,500 authorized sales agents and concessionaires and about 10,000 technology resellers." and this - "Headquarters: Norwalk, CT Stock: XRX (NYSE) Employees: 136,000 CEO: Ursula M. Burns" I would probably use, as this information is likely to be true. However, I would google, for example, "Xerox employee numbers" to check that it isn't obviously exaggerated (which, in the case of profit, turnover, etc. could be a problem)

9) Q - Everybody knows that the sky is blue right? An editor doesn't agree - he says it is bronze, do you need a source?

A -I would like to believe that you would not need a source for something as obvious as this, but if there was any disagreement I would add a source. One such reason for dispute that I can think of is not immediately obvious to those of us in the anglophonc world; in some groups of languages the word for "blue" is the same as the word for "bronze" (especially of those of eastern Africa) and an editor may not have english as their first language.

Results

I was going to go through and explain about where you're right and wrong, but your answers were so good... I don't need to. That's a fantastic set of answers. Well done. (And no, there's no correlation between butternut squashes and baldness. I made that up)

Lesson 2 - Wikiquette - COMPLETE

Wikiquette

WP:Wikiquette
- or the etiquette of Wikipedia is something that you may already be familiar with, depending how much reading around the different wikipedia pages you've made.

I'm just going to highlight some of the important Wikiquette items that you should try and remember. It may help you out.

  • Assume good faith
    - This is fundamental and I'll be going over it again in dispute resolution. Editors here are trying to improve the encyclopedia. Every single member of the community. EVERY ONE. If you read a comment or look at an edit and it seems wrong in some way, don't just jump straight in. Try and see it from the other editors point of view, remembering that they are trying to improve the encyclopedia.
  • Sign your talk posts with four tildes ~~~~. The software will stick your signature and timestamp in, allowing the correct attribution to your comment. I have a script that reminds you to do this if you think you'll forget.
  • Try and keep to threading, replying to comments by adding an additional indentation, represented by a colon, :. I cover more about this in my basics of markup language lesson - let me know if you'd like to take it. Talk pages should something like this - Have a read of
    WP:THREAD
    to see how this works.
How's the soup? --[[User:John]]
:It's great!! --[[User:Jane]]
::I made it myself! --[[User:John]]
Let's move the discussion to [[Talk:Soup]]. --[[User:Jane]]
:I tend to disagree. --[[User:George]]

How's the soup? --John

It's great!! --Jane
I made it myself! --John

Let's move the discussion to Talk:Soup. --Jane

I tend to disagree. --George
  • Don't forget to assume good faith
  • There are a lot of policies and guidelines, which Wikipedians helpfully point you to with
    wikilinks
    . Their comments may seem brusque at first, but the linked document will explain their point much better than they may be able to.
  • Be polite, and treat others as you would want to be treated. For example, if someone nominated one of the articles you created for deletion, I'm sure you'd want to know about it, so if you are doing the nominating make sure you leave the article creator a notification.
  • Watch out for common mistakes.
  • Did I mention that you should
    assume good faith
    ?
  • Comment on the edits. Not the editor. I'll cover this more in dispute resolution.

Questions

Any questions?

So I assume Good Faith? I'm not sure you mentioned it, but I'm sure I've read it somewhere :-) Oh, and could I take the WikiMarkup lesson? I think I have a fairly good grasp of basic markup from Wikipedia and being Inheriwiki admin, but there is plenty I'm unsure about. Can I take the test?--Gilderien Talk|Contribs 17:41, 21 January 2012 (UTC)

Indeed, it's all about good faith. Good faith can be really hard when you are in a disagreement with someone, but as long as you can keep remembering that no one is generally here to harm the 'pedia, they're trying to improve it, you should get on ok. WormTT · (talk) 12:16, 1 February 2012 (UTC)
OK so I answered the test and my answers haven't appeared.... I'll have a look for them.--Gilderien Talk|Contribs 21:02, 1 February 2012 (UTC)
They've appeared again. Panic over.--Gilderien Talk|Contribs 21:07, 1 February 2012 (UTC)

Test

Have a look at the conversation below:

What's the best car in the world? -- Rod
Probably something German or Japanese. -- Freddie
Like what -- Rod's Mate
I dunno, something like Volkswagon? -- Freddie
Volkswagon Passat --Passat Lover <-Postion:A
What do you want it for? -- Jane
Volkswagon Passat --Passat Lover <-Position:B

Well, the Passat lover clearly loves his

Passat
, but who is he replying to? In

1) Position A?

A- Rod's Mate

2) Position B?

A- Rod

3) An editor who has a low edit count seems awfully competent with templates. Should he be reported as a possible

WP:SOCK
?

A-Yes! Definately! They must be a sock! I mean, come on, is it really likely they might actually be intelligently reading up on template help pages, or that maybe they are experienced in editing on another Mediawiki wiki (it's not like just anyone can edit a wiki, you know) like Wikia? Sock!

(just joking)

WP:AGF

All perfect! Good job.
Copyright old text


Copyright on a free Wiki

This is probably the most important lesson I'll give, because this is the only one where failure to adhere exactly according to policy can and will result in a

block
. Pay attention.

Wikipedia is as the slogan says, "The Free Encyclopedia". Unfortunately, this causes some problems when we use other materials that aren't so free, and other problems when we'd like to do something but really can't.
The GNU logo
Wikipedia is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License, or GFDL. This is a copyleft license that allows for the free distribution of content under certain conditions. The main terms of this license are as follows:
  • Anything licensed under the GFDL must display a copy of the license (Wikipedia's is at the link I just gave you).
  • Any "derivative works", or works based on something licensed under the GFDL, must be licensed under GFDL.
  • Content licensed under the GFDL may be modified, but must include a history of all changes and who made them when.
  • All content licensed under the GFDL must be freely available or available under "fair use".

There are other terms to the license, but those are the most important for what is done on Wikipedia. Wikipedia displays a copy of the license, which is

hidden from public view
in the event of extreme circumstances, but are still visible to those with the authority to remove them for GFDL compliance.

Unfortunately, the GFDL does have some limit on what we can do. When merging pages, we cannot delete the page that is now empty, even if it serves little useful purpose even as a redirect. The contributions to that page, which provided the information that was merged out, must be kept logged so that people know where it came from and what changes were made when.
GPL.) The most common issue, and the one that most frequently results in blocks, is copyright. Any registered user can upload an image or media file. If they created the image, they can license it under a free license such as the GFDL or a Creative Commons license, or release it into the public domain (Although if you use any of those options, it's recommended to upload the image to the Wikimedia Commons
instead so any language Wiki can use it.)
fair use/copyright tag
on Wikipedia. These criteria are:
  • A specific fair use tag (see link above) that describes what the image is.
  • The source of the image (this is usually a website, but could also be a book or magazine that you scanned the picture out of)
  • The image itself must be of low resolution. If it is high resolution, that version must be deleted and replaced with another (essentially, worse) version.
  • A fair use rationale explaining:
  • Where the image is to be used (This page MUST be in the main (article) namespace. Fair use images MUST NOT be used anywhere else)
  • That the image cannot be used to replace any marketing role or otherwise infringe upon the owner's commercial rights to the image
  • How the image is being used, in a way that fits within the fair use policy (i.e., identification purposes, etc.)
  • That there is no way the image can possibly be replaced with a free version
  • The image must have been previously published elsewhere

Only when an image meets all of these criteria may it be used. Fair use images must be used in at least one article (not "orphaned"), and articles using fair use images must use as few of them as possible. Any image that does not meet these criteria to the letter will be deleted. Any user that repeatedly uploads images not meeting these criteria to the letter will be blocked.

As a further note, I mentioned that fair use images must not be able to be replaced by a free alternative. What this basically means is, there is no way you, me, or anyone else could go out and take a picture of this same thing and release it under a free license. For example:

  • I could upload a publicity picture of Eddie Izzard. Now, the photographer holds the copyright to that particular picture of the hilarious man. I can claim fair use, but the claim would be invalid because you could just as easily go to a performance Izzard is giving and take a picture of him yourself. (That's what happened here) The publicity picture is considered replaceable fair use and so would be deleted.
  • Person X could upload a picture of the Empire State Building from a marketing kit they distributed. This image would likely be copyrighted, and so they claim fair use. But I happen to have been to New York and have a picture of the ESB. I upload that instead and release it into the public domain. The first, copyrighted picture, is also replaceable.
  • For the article on the Monterey Bay Aquarium, I want to upload an image of their logo (visible in no great detail here). I go to their website and upload their version. This fair use is allowable, because no matter where or how they display their logo, it'll be under the same copyright. Since the simple art of scanning or taking a picture of a piece of work is not enough to justify my ownership of the rights to the image, there is no way to obtain a free version of the logo.

For a full description of the policies and guidelines concerning fair use, you should read (and commit to memory :-P) the page at

WP:FU
. Rest assured that you will never forget the name of that shortcut. Got your head around all that? Well lets move away from images - but we're not done!

Plagiarism

Copyright violations do not only appear on images, they can appear in text too. Even if the source text is wholly in the public domain, you can't just copy it without falling foul of plagiarism
. As I'm sure you're pretty frazzled at the moment, I'm just going to say don't copy and paste text! Write it in your own words and make sure you cite your source.

Questions?

Any questions? It's a heck of a topic, so feel free to ask "why" to anything, and I will do my best to explain. Let me know when you are ready for the test.

Lesson 3 - Copyright - complete

Copyright

Welcome to the lesson discussing Copyright. It's one of the most important lessons I teach, because not adhering to it can lead to a ban from Wikipedia. I'm hoping to take you back to basics and will be focusing on images. However, a lot of the same concepts apply to other media files and even text too! I'll mention a bit more about that at the end of the lesson.

Glossary

There are a lot of terms associated with copyright. If you are having trouble with any, here's a quick reference.

Term Explaination
Attribution The identification of work by an author
Copyright symbol © - used to show work is under copyright
Creative Commons Creative Commons is an organisation that provides licensing information aimed at achieving a mutual sharing and flexible approach to copyright.
Compilation A new work created as a combination of other works, which may be derivative works.
Derivative work A work which is derived from another work. (Eg a photograph of a painting)
Disclaimer A statement which limits rights or obligations
FACT Federation Against Copyright Theft
Fair use Circumstances where copyright can be waived. These are strict and specific to the country.
Copyright infringement Use of work under copyright without permission
Intellectual property Creations of the mind, under which you do have rights.
License The terms under which the copyright owner allows his/her work to be used.
Non-commercial
Copying for personal use - not for the purpose of buying or selling.
Public domain Works that either cannot be copyrighted or the copyright has expired

Image Copyright on Wikipedia

What you can upload to commons

Ok, now if I use a term that's not in the glossary and I don't explain, feel free to slap me. Are you ready for this? Ok. Take a deep breath. You can do it.

Copyright is a serious problem on a free encyclopedia. To remain free, any work that is submitted must be released under the

WP:CC-BY-SA License and the WP:GFDL
. You can read the actual text under those links, but the gist is that you agree that everything you write on the encyclopedia can be shared, adapted or even sold and all you get in return is attribution.

So, there are basically two types of images on wikipedia.

  1. Free images
  2. Non-free images

Free images are those which can be freely used anywhere on Wikipedia. A free image may be either

CC-BY-SA. Free images can be used in any article where their presence would add value. As long as there is a consensus among the editors working on an article that the image is appropriate for the article
, it's safe to say that it can remain in an article. Free images can even be modified and used elsewhere.

Non-free images, however, are subject to restrictions. Album covers and TV screenshots are two types of images that are typically non-free. They may belong to a person or organization who has not agreed to release them freely to the public, and there may be restrictions on how they are used. You have to meet ALL of Wikipedia's strict conditions in order to use them. (

Non free content criteria
)

In practise, if it comes out of your head - is entirely your own work, you have the right to make that release. If you got it from somewhere else, you don't. That doesn't mean it can't be used though. You can in these situations

  • If the work has already been released under a compatible or less restrictive license.
  • If the work is in the "public domain" - Very old items, 150 years is a good benchmark
  • If the work is not free in certain circumstances (
    Non free content criteria
    summary below, but actually a lot more detailed)
  1. There must be no free equivalent
  2. We must ensure that the owner will not lose out by us using the work
  3. Use as little as possible (the smallest number of uses and the smallest part possible used)
  4. Must have been published elsewhere first
  5. Meets our general standards for content
  6. Meets our specific standards for that area
  7. Must be used. (we can't upload something under fair use and not use it)
  8. Must be useful in context. This is a sticking point, if it's not actually adding to the article, it shouldn't be used.
  9. Can only be used in article space
  10. The image page must attribute the source, explain the fair use for each article it is used and display the correct tag

It's a lot, isn't it! Well, let's have a look at the non free stuff. I'm going to suggest two different images. One, a tabloid picture of celebrity actress

Lightning Seeds
. The tabloid picture of Nicole Kidman will instantly fail #1, because there can be a free equivalent - anyone can take a picture of Nicole. The album cover on the other hand is unique - there's no free equivalent. It's discussed in the article too, so showing it will be useful in context (#8). The copy we show should be shrunk, so that it can't be used to create pirate copies (#2). I couldn't put it on my userpage though (or even here) (#9)

Get it? Well here are a few more examples.

  • I could upload a publicity picture of Eddie Izzard. Now, the photographer holds the copyright to that particular picture of the hilarious man. I can claim fair use, but the claim would be invalid because you could just as easily go to a performance Izzard is giving and take a picture of him yourself. (That's what happened here) The publicity picture is considered replaceable fair use and so would be deleted.
  • Person X could upload a picture of the Empire State Building from a marketing kit they distributed. This image would likely be copyrighted, and so they claim fair use. But I happen to have been to New York and have a picture of the ESB. I upload that instead and release it into the public domain. The first, copyrighted picture, is also replaceable.
  • For the article on the Monterey Bay Aquarium, I want to upload an image of their logo (visible in no great detail here). I go to their website and upload their version. This fair use is allowable, because no matter where or how they display their logo, it'll be under the same copyright. Since the simple art of scanning or taking a picture of a piece of work is not enough to justify my ownership of the rights to the image, there is no way to obtain a free version of the logo.

Commons

When people refer to Commons on wikipedia, they're generally referring to Wikimedia Commons, a repository of free material. Images on Commons can be linked directly to wikipedia, like that picture just to the right and above. Now, since commons is a free repository, fair use is not permitted. It makes sense to upload free images to commons, so that they can be used by all language encyclopedias.

Copyright and text

So you think you've got your head around copyright and how it applies to images? Well done. Let's see how it applies to text. All the principles are the same - you can only include text which has been released under

CC-BY-SA
. In fact, if you notice, every time you click edit, it says right there

Content that violates any copyrights will be deleted. Encyclopedic content must be verifiable.

By clicking the "Save Page" button, you agree to the Terms of Use, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the

CC-BY-SA 3.0 License and the GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.

So you are in effect contributing every time you edit. Now, let's think about that

non-free content criteria
- "No free equivalent" means that you will never be able to license text under it (except for quoting) - as you can re-write it in your own words to create an equivalent. You always, always, always have to write things in your own words or make it VERY clear that you are not. Got it? Good.

Questions

This is a very complex topic, is there anything you don't understand? Now's a great time to ask about those weird situations.

How long does text have to be to be copyrighted? As in, if a particular worded phrase is (theorically) the only concise and easy way to say somehing, but it appears in a copyrighted material. I'm sure I will think of more questions, but this is the first. :-) --Gilderien Talk|Contribs 21:20, 6 February 2012 (UTC)
Difficult really. On wikipedia, it goes beyond copyright and into plagiarism too. So whilst a short phrase may not be copyrightable, it may be plagiarised. Generally, if you can write something in your own words (and structure, which matters as much as the words) then you should. Sometimes that's not easy, or indeed possible - "James I died in 1625" cannot really be rephrased, however "The Antoinette ran aground on the dangerous Doom Bar". WormTT · (talk) 10:12, 7 February 2012 (UTC)
Okay, thanks, I think I get it. (by the way, I have drafted an article I wish to submit for
WP:DYK in the near future, User:Gilderien/Zennor Head, but as it my first DYK attempt, could you cast a critical eye over it and tell me what you think needs to be improved. Thanks) --Gilderien Talk|Contribs
21:24, 7 February 2012 (UTC)
Have answered your Zennor Head Q at your talk page. And here's the test! WormTT · (talk) 11:19, 8 February 2012 (UTC)

Test

Q1) Do you think Wikipedia *is* free?

A-Yes. The full content can be copied, lent, borrowed, bartered, sold, etc. with only attribution.

Q2) When can you upload a picture to Commons?

A- If you have created it yourself (i.e., your own photo) or if you take a photo of art etc. that is over 150 years old. Or, if the copyright holder has released all rights, or specifically given permission.

Q3) You find music displaying this licence [1] (non-commercial). Wikimedia is non-commerical, can we upload it to Commons?

A-Although Wikimedia is non-commercial, its content is released under the commercial version of the license, whilst the music is under a non-commercial version.

Q4) A user uploads a poster which is a composite of all the Beatles album covers. Can he do this? It is his own unique composition.

A-Not on commons, no, because it is derivitive work. On Wikipedia? Probably, but I fail to see what it would add to any article, as official ones are available.

Q5) Can you upload a press image of the Pope?

A- No, because the Pope is a public figure, and so anyone can take a photo, and the newspaper probably holds the copyright.

Q6) Can you upload a press image of a prisoner on death row?

A- Yes, probably, under fair use, if it added to the content of the article, because it is unlikely that anyone would be able to take an image themselves of the prisoner, them being on death row.

Q7) You find an article that matches a company website About Us page exactly. What do you do? You check the talk page, and there's no evidence that the text has been released under

WP:CC-BY-SA

A- Remove it immediately. And re-write it in your own words (and structure). Maybe even ask a friendly administrator to RevDel the revisions with the copyrighted text. After this, I ight e-mail the company to request permission to use the text, however, but not if there would be an easy way to re-write the text.

Q8) Can you see any issues with doing a cut-and-paste move?

A-Just a couple of hundred...
  • Lose the history, makes it difficult to revert mis-information or vandalism.
  • Makes attribution under
    WP:CC-BY-SA
    practically impossible.
  • Actually, the page history is split between two articles.

Q9) A final practical test... Go. Have a snoop around some wikipedia articles, see if you can find an image which is currently being used under "fair use". Come back and link to it (using [[:File:IMAGENAME]]. You must get the : before the File name, as we cannot display the image here!)

A-File:Doctor who 2011 title.png fits the bill.

Results

Very good, I don't think I've ever had a user do so well on that, not even getting tripped up by the non-commercial question. Well done!

Lesson 4 - Dispute resolution - complete

Dispute resolution

No matter how well you edit Wikipedia, no matter how simple and obvious your changes may seem, you are very like to end up in a dispute. This becomes more and more likely as you get into more contentious areas of Wikipedia. The higher the number of page views and the more evocative the subject - the more likely the area is going to be considered contentious.

Stay in the top three sections of this pyramid.

I'm going to go through the different methods of dispute resolution there are on Wikipedia. They are all covered at

the dispute resolution page
and the tips there are really worth taking.

Simple Resolution

No. I'm not expecting you to back down. You obviously believe what you are saying, and there is nothing wrong with that. What you can do though is attempt to resolve the dispute. How??? I hear you ask.

Firstly

assume good faith
, remember the person you are in a dispute with is also trying to improve the encyclopedia. They are not trying to deliberately damage the encyclopedia. Try to see things from their point of view and see if you can both come to a compromise.

Bold, Revert, Discuss
- one editor makes a Bold edit, which they feel improves the encyclopedia. A second editor Rerverts the edit as they disagree. The two (or more) editors discuss the matter on the talk page until they come to an agreement or proceed along Wikipedia's dispute resolution process.

When it comes to the discussion, I want you to try and stay in the top 3 sections of the pyramid to the right. You've heard the phrase "Sarcasm is the lowest form of wit" right? Well, this pyramid explains the different forms of disagreement. Attacks on the character of an editor is never going to help anything. If an editor is "attacking" you, don't respond in kind - stay focused on the editor's argument and respond to that.

If you think about what you are saying and how the editor is likely to respond you realise that you have a choice. Your comment will generally go one of two ways 1) it will address the editors argument and put forward a counterargument which the opposing editor will be able to understand 2) It will not address the situation, thereby infuriating the other editor and escalating the drama.

Accusations of

WP:VANDALISM
or any number of negative suggestions are going to fall into (2). If there are issues with one of these problems, follow Wikipedia's dispute resolution process and try to keep a cool head. If needs be, walk away and have a cup of tea. Play a game of "racketball". Whatever you do to calm down and just not be on Wikipedia.

Wikipedia dispute resolution process

If the simple techniques don't work (and you'd be amazed how often they do, if you try them), Wikipedia does have some methods of dispute resolution

Assistance

If you want someone to talk to but not necessarily step in, there is an

WP:Editor Assistance
notice board. The editors there are experienced and can offer suggestions about how to resolve the situation.

Third opinion

You can get someone uninvolved to step in and give an opinion on a content dispute.

WP:SEEKHELP

Mediation

If the issue won't go away, even after a couple of people have weighed in, you can try Mediation. There are two processes here. Informal (

WP:DRN
which is fairly informal but focuses more on content disputes. The editors involved with all of these processes specialise in resolving disputes.

Request for Comment

You can use

Request comment on a user
. This is rarely necessary and should not be taken lightly. Only after almost every other route of dispute resolution has been taken should this happen - and it requires at least two editors having the same problem with one editor to be certified.

Arbitration

I really hope you'll never see this place in a case. It's the last resort, the community has elected its most trusted willing volunteers to preside over the most complicated cases. Have a read of

WP:ARBCOM
if you like, but try not to end up there.

Reports

If an editor is acting badly, there are a few boards that you can get some help.

    Remember: you could be wrong!

    You could be acting against consensus! But as long as you are open to the possibility and have been sticking the top 3 sections of the pyramid, there's nothing wrong with disagreeing. Just make sure you are aware that at some point you might have to

    realise you are flogging a dead horse
    .

    Any questions?

    Nope.--Gilderien Talk|Contribs 20:53, 10 February 2012 (UTC)

    Dispute resolution

    1) What do you understand by

    bold, revert, discuss
    ?

    A-I make an Bold edit. Someone else reverts it. We (and others working on the article) discuss the issue on the article talk page and come to a consensus whether or not my edit is beneficial and should be included.

    2) Assuming that person A puts in an edit, person B reverts, person A reverts... and so on, but both stop short of

    WP:3RR
    (the bright line)... who wins the edit war? Trick question alert!

    A-No-one. You cannot "win" an edit war. Ideally, another editor will step in and give their opinion, and both editors should be advised about
    WP:BRD
    in an inoffensive manner.

    3) What is

    vandalism
    ?

    A- Intentionally adding nonsense, incorrect information, repeating characters, gibberish, etc.

    4) What is the difference between

    request for comment
    ?

    A-Editor assistance is where you ask an experienced editor for advice in a content dispute, i.e. possible policy violation, Wikiquette, etc., Third Opinion is where you ask an uninvolved third party to get involved and give their opinion about a content dispute, and a RfC is where you ask the community at large for its opinion, normally getting a larger response.

    In addition, I have expanded the

    WP:DYK, could you check it and delete the redirect so that I can move it to mainspace if you think it is ready. Thanks! --Gilderien Talk|Contribs
    21:56, 18 February 2012 (UTC)

    Results

    Not a lot to say, everything you've said is right :) (Vandalism the important word is intentional).

    Lesson 5 - Deletion - Complete

    Deletion Policies

    While Wikipedia does strive to include as much information as possible, there is a practical limit as to what we're going to include as an article. Just because you think your pet cat is the cutest thing on the planet,

    WP:NOT
    is an official policy, which means that all articles must adhere to it. If they don't, they're at risk of deletion.

    Wikipedia has three methods to delete pages. The first, and by far fastest, is the

    Criteria for Speedy Deletion
    . These criteria depict what content absolutely cannot be kept on Wikipedia for whatever reason and must be removed immediately. The most commonly used ones are as follows:

    • db-test
      }}.
    • db-vandalism
      }}
    • db-repost
      }}
    • db-attack
      }}.
    • db-ad
      }}
    • db-copyvio
      |website}}
    • Direct copy of a non-GFDL-compatible website
    • No non-copyrighted content in history
    • All copyvio content added at once by one user
    • No assertion of permission or
      fair use
      , or that content is public domain or freely available.

    Whenever you mark a page for speedy deletion, it's usually nice to notify the author. Each of the speedy deletion tags shows the proper warning to use - just copy that code and paste it on their user talk page. You are not required to do this, but it usually helps alleviate some confusion on the part of the author.