Xeon
Co-processor Xeon Phi (2010-2020) | | |
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Products, models, variants | ||
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Predecessor(s) | Pentium Pro | |
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Supported |
Xeon (
Branding
The Xeon brand has been maintained over several generations of IA-32 and x86-64 processors. The P6-based models added the Xeon moniker to the end of the name of their corresponding desktop processor, but a all models since 2001 used the name Xeon on its own. The Xeon CPUs generally have more cache and cores than their desktop counterparts in addition to multiprocessing capabilities.
Xeon Scalable
The Xeon Scalable brand for high-performance server was introduced in May 2017 with the Skylake-based Xeon Platinum 8100 series. Xeon Scalable processors range from dual socket to 8 socket support. Within the Xeon Scalable brand, there exists the hierarchy of Xeon Bronze, Silver, Gold and Platinum.
In April 2024, Intel announced at its Vision event that the Xeon Scalable brand would be retired, beginning with 6th generation Xeon processors codenamed Sierra Forest and Granite Rapids that will now be referred to as "Xeon 6" processors.[4] This change brings greater emphasis on processor generation numbers.[5]
Xeon D
Xeon D is targeted towards microserver and edge computing markets with lower power consumption and integrated I/O blocks such as network interface controllers. This allows Xeon D processors to function as SoCs that do not require a separate southbridge PCH.[6] It was announced in 2014 and the first Xeon D processors were released in March 2015. Xeon D processors come in an soldered BGA package rather than in a socketable form factor. Xeon D was introduced to compete with emerging ARM hyperscale server solutions that offered greater multi-threaded performance and power effiency.[7]
Xeon W
Xeon W branding is used for Xeon workstation processors. It was first introduced in August 2017 with the release of the Skylake-based Xeon W-2100 series workstation processors. With Sapphire Rapids-WS workstation processors that launched in March 2023, Intel introduced tiers within Xeon W. Xeon w3, w5, w7 and w9 was designed to emulate the Core i3, i5, i7 and i9 branding that Intel had been using for its desktop processors.
Overview
Some shortcomings that make Xeon processors unsuitable for most consumer-grade desktop PCs include lower
Intel Xeon is a distinct product line from the similarly named Intel Xeon Phi. The first-generation Xeon Phi is a completely different type of device more comparable to a graphics card; it is designed for a PCI Express slot and is meant to be used as a multi-core coprocessor, like the Nvidia Tesla. In the second generation, Xeon Phi evolved into a main processor more similar to the Xeon. It conforms to the same socket as a Xeon processor and is x86-compatible; however, as compared to Xeon, the design point of the Xeon Phi emphasizes more cores with higher memory bandwidth.
1 or 2 Sockets UP/DP/3000/5000/E3/E5-1xxx and 2xxx/E7-2xxx/D/E/W series Bronze/Silver/Gold (non H)/Platinum (non H)/Max |
4 or 8 Sockets MP/7000/E5-4xxx/E7-4xxx and 8xxx seriesGold (H)/Platinum (H) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Node |
Code named | # of Cores |
Release date |
Code named | # of Cores |
Release date |
250 nm
|
Drake | 1 | Jun 1998 | |||
Tanner | 1 | Mar 1999 | ||||
180 nm
|
Cascades (256 KB L2 cache) | 1 | Oct 1999 | Cascades (700 and 900 MHz models only) | 1 | May 2000 |
Foster | 1 | May 2001 | Foster MP | 1 | Mar 2002 | |
130 nm
|
Prestonia | 1 | Feb 2002 | |||
Gallatin DP | 1 | Jul 2003 | Gallatin | 1 | Nov 2002 | |
90 nm
|
Nocona | 1 | Jun 2004 | Cranford | 1 | Mar 2005 |
Potomac | 1 | Mar 2005 | ||||
Irwindale | 1 | Feb 2005 | ||||
Paxville DP | 2 | Oct 2005 | Paxville | 2 | Nov 2005 | |
65 nm
|
Dempsey | 2 | May 2006 | Tulsa | 2 | Aug 2006 |
Sossaman | 2 | Mar 2006 | ||||
Woodcrest | 2 | Jun 2006 | ||||
Conroe | 2 | Oct 2006 | ||||
Clovertown | 4 | Nov 2006 | Tigerton/Tigerton QC | 2/4 | Sep 2007 | |
Allendale | 2 | Jan 2007 | ||||
Kentsfield | 4 | Jan 2007 | ||||
45 nm
|
Wolfdale DP | 2 | Nov 2007 | |||
Harpertown | 4 | Nov 2007 | Dunnington QC/Dunnington | 4/6 | Sep 2008 | |
Wolfdale | 2 | Feb 2008 | ||||
Yorkfield | 4 | Mar 2008 | ||||
Bloomfield (W35xx) | 4 | Mar 2009 | ||||
Gainestown (55xx) | 2/4 | Mar 2009 | ||||
Lynnfield (34xx) | 4 | Sep 2009 | ||||
Beckton (65xx) | 4/6/8 | Mar 2010 | Beckton (75xx) | 4-8 | Mar 2010 | |
32 nm
|
Westmere-EP (56xx) | 2-6 | Mar 2010 | |||
Gulftown (W36xx) | 6 | Mar 2010 | ||||
Clarkdale (L34xx) | 2 | Mar 2010 | ||||
Westmere-EX (E7-2xxx) | 6-10 | Apr 2011 | Westmere-EX (E7-4xxx/8xxx) | 6-10 | Apr 2011 | |
Sandy Bridge-DT/EN/EP | 2-8 | Mar 2012 | Sandy Bridge-EP (E5-46xx) | 4-8 | May 2012 | |
22 nm
|
Ivy Bridge (E3/E5-1xxx/E5-2xxx v2) | 2-12 | Sep 2013 | Ivy Bridge-EP (E5-46xx v2) | 4-12 | Mar 2014 |
Ivy Bridge-EX (E7-28xx v2) | 12/15 | Feb 2014 | Ivy Bridge-EX (E7-48xx/88xx v2) | 6-12/15 | Feb 2014 | |
Haswell (E3/E5-1xxx/E5-2xxx v3) | 2-18 | Sep 2014 | Haswell-EP (E5-46xx v3) | 6-18 | Jun 2015 | |
Haswell-EX (E7-48xx/88xx v3) | 4-18 | May 2015 | ||||
14 nm
|
Broadwell (E3/E5-1xxx/E5-2xxx v4) | 4-22 | Jun 2015 | |||
Skylake-S/H (E3-1xxx v5) | 4 | Oct 2015 | ||||
Kaby Lake-S/H (E3-1xxx v6) | 4 | Mar 2017 | ||||
Skylake-W/SP (Bronze and Silver) | 4-28 | Jun 2017 | Skylake-SP (Gold and Platinum) | 4-28 | Jul 2017 | |
Cascade Lake-W/SP (Bronze/Silver/R/U) | 4-28 | Apr 2019 | Cascade Lake-SP (Gold (non-R/U)/Platinum) | 4-28 | Apr 2019 | |
Cooper Lake-SP | 8-28 | Jun 2020 | ||||
10 nm
|
Ice Lake-SP/W | 8-40 | Apr 2021 | |||
Ice Lake-D | 2-20 | Feb 2022 | ||||
Intel 7 |
Sapphire Rapids-SP/WS/HBM | 6-56 | Jan 2023 | Sapphire Rapids-SP | 8-60 | Jan 2023 |
Emerald Rapids-SP | 8-64 | Dec 2023 | ||||
List of Intel Xeon processors |
P6-based Xeon
Pentium II Xeon
The first Xeon-branded processor was the Pentium II Xeon (code-named "Drake"). It was released in 1998, replacing the
Pentium III Xeon
In 1999, the
The second version, named "Cascades", was based on the Pentium III "
To improve this situation, Intel released another version, officially also named "Cascades", but often referred to as "Cascades 2 MB". That came in two variants: with 1 MB or 2 MB of L2 cache. Its bus speed was fixed at 100 MT/s, though in practice the cache was able to offset this. The product code for Cascades mirrored that of Coppermine; 80526.
NetBurst-based Xeon
Xeon (DP) and Xeon MP (32-bit)
Foster
In mid-2001, the Xeon brand was introduced ("Pentium" was dropped from the name). The initial variant that used the new
At most two Foster processors could be accommodated in a symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) system built with a mainstream chipset, so a second version (Foster MP) was introduced with 512 KB or 1 MB L3 cache and the Jackson Hyper-Threading capacity. This improved performance slightly, but not enough to lift it out of third place. It was also priced much higher than the dual-processor (DP) versions. The Foster shared the 80528 product code with Willamette.
Prestonia
In 2002 Intel released a
Gallatin
Technology node 130 nm | | |
Microarchitecture | NetBurst | |
---|---|---|
Instruction set | x86 | |
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Subsequent to the Prestonia was the "Gallatin", which had an L3 cache of 1 MB or 2 MB. Its Xeon MP version, which succeeded Foster MP, was popular in servers. Later experience with the 130 nm process allowed Intel to create the Xeon MP branded Gallatin with 4 MB cache. The Xeon branded Prestonia and Gallatin were designated 80532, like Northwood.
Xeon (DP) and Xeon MP (64-bit)
Nocona and Irwindale
Due to a lack of success with Intel's
A slightly updated core called "Irwindale" was released in early 2005, with 2 MB L2 cache and the ability to have its clock speed reduced during low processor demand. Although it was a bit more competitive than the Nocona had been, independent tests showed that AMD's Opteron still outperformed Irwindale. Both of these Prescott-derived Xeons have the product code 80546.
Cranford and Potomac
64-bit Xeon MPs were introduced in April 2005. The cheaper "Cranford" was an MP version of Nocona, while the more expensive "Potomac" was a Cranford with 8 MB of L3 cache. Like Nocona and Irwindale, they also have product code 80546.
Dual-Core Xeon
"Paxville DP"
General information | |
---|---|
Launched | October 2005 |
Discontinued | August 2008 |
Technology node | 90 nm |
Microarchitecture | NetBurst |
Instruction set | x86 |
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
|
Package(s) | |
Products, models, variants | |
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The first
7000-series "Paxville MP"
An MP-capable version of Paxville, codenamed Paxville MP, product code 80560, was released on November 1, 2005. There are two versions: one with 2 MB of L2 cache (1 MB per core), and one with 4 MB of L2 (2 MB per core). Paxville MP, called the dual-core Xeon 7000-series, was produced using a 90 nm process. Paxville MP clock ranges between 2.67 GHz and 3.0 GHz (model numbers 7020–7041), with some models having a 667 MT/s FSB, and others having an 800 MT/s FSB.
Model | Speed | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
7020 | 2.66 GHz | 2 × 1 MB | 667 MT/s | 165 W |
7030 | 2.80 GHz | 800 MT/s | ||
7040 | 3.00 GHz | 2 × 2 MB | 667 MT/s | |
7041 | 800 MT/s |
7100-series "Tulsa"
General information | |
---|---|
Launched | August 2006 |
Discontinued | August 2008 |
Technology node | 65 nm |
Microarchitecture | NetBurst |
Instruction set | x86 |
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
|
Package(s) | |
Products, models, variants | |
Brand name(s) |
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Released on August 29, 2006,[9] the 7100 series, codenamed Tulsa (product code 80550), is an improved version of Paxville MP, built on a 65 nm process, with 2 MB of L2 cache (1 MB per core) and up to 16 MB of L3 cache. It uses Socket 604.[10] Tulsa was released in two lines: the N-line uses a 667 MT/s FSB, and the M-line uses an 800 MT/s FSB. The N-line ranges from 2.5 GHz to 3.5 GHz (model numbers 7110N-7150N), and the M-line ranges from 2.6 GHz to 3.4 GHz (model numbers 7110M-7140M). L3 cache ranges from 4 MB to 16 MB across the models.[11]
Model | Speed | L2 cache | L3 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
7110N | 2.50 GHz | 2 MB | 4 MB | 667 MT/s | 95 W |
7110M | 2.60 GHz | 800 MT/s | |||
7120N | 3.00 GHz | 667 MT/s | |||
7120M | 800 MT/s | ||||
7130N | 3.16 GHz | 8 MB | 667 MT/s | 150 W | |
7130M | 3.20 GHz | 800 MT/s | |||
7140N | 3.33 GHz | 16 MB | 667 MT/s | ||
7140M | 3.40 GHz | 800 MT/s | |||
7150N | 3.50 GHz | 667 MT/s |
5000-series "Dempsey"
General information | |
---|---|
Launched | May 2006 |
Discontinued | August 2008 |
Performance | |
Max. Technology node | 65nm |
Microarchitecture | NetBurst |
Instruction set | x86 |
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
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Package(s) | |
Products, models, variants | |
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On May 23, 2006, Intel released the dual-core CPU (Xeon branded 5000 series) codenamed Dempsey (product code 80555). Released as the Dual-Core Xeon 5000-series, Dempsey is a
Model | Speed (GHz) | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
5020 | 2.50 GHz | 2 × 2 MB | 667 MT/s | 95 W |
5030 | 2.66 GHz | |||
5040 | 2.83 GHz | |||
5050 | 3.00 GHz | |||
5060 | 3.20 GHz | 1.07 GT/s | 130 W | |
5063 | 95 W | |||
5070 | 3.46 GHz | 130 W | ||
5080 | 3.73 GHz |
Pentium M (Yonah) based Xeon
LV (ULV), "Sossaman"
Enhanced Pentium M | |
Instruction set | x86 |
---|---|
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
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Products, models, variants | |
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On March 14, 2006, Intel released a dual-core processor codenamed Sossaman and branded as Xeon LV (low-voltage). Subsequently, an ULV (ultra-low-voltage) version was released. The Sossaman was a low-/ultra-low-power and double-processor capable CPU (like
Model | Speed | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
ULV 1.66 | 1.66 GHz | 2 MB | 667 MT/s | 15 W |
LV 1.66 | 31 W | |||
LV 2.00 | 2.00 GHz | |||
LV 2.16 | 2.16 GHz |
Core-based Xeon
Dual-Core
3000-series "Conroe"
The 3000 series, codenamed Conroe (product code 80557) dual-core Xeon (branded) CPU,[13] released at the end of September 2006, was the first Xeon for single-CPU operation and is designd for entry-level uniprocessor servers. The same processor is branded as Core 2 Duo or as Pentium Dual-Core and Celeron, with varying features disabled. They use LGA 775 (Socket T), operate on a 1066 MT/s front-side bus, support Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology and Intel Virtualization Technology but do not support hyper-threading. Conroe processors with a number ending in "5" have a 1333 MT/s FSB.[14]
Model | Speed | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
3040 | 1.86 GHz | 2 MB | 1066 MT/s | 65 W |
3050 | 2.13 GHz | |||
3055* | 4 MB | |||
3060 | 2.4 GHz | |||
3065 | 2.33 GHz | 1333 MT/s | ||
3070 | 2.66 GHz | 1066 MT/s | ||
3075 | 1333 MT/s | |||
3080* | 2.93 GHz | 1066 MT/s | ||
3085 | 3.00 GHz | 1333 MT/s |
- Models marked with an asterisk (*) are not present in Intel's Ark database.[15]
3100-series "Wolfdale"
The 3100 series, codenamed Wolfdale (product code 80570) dual-core Xeon (branded) CPU, was just a rebranded version of the Intel's mainstream
Model | Speed | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
E3110 | 3.00 GHz | 6 MB | 1333 MT/s | 65 W |
L3110 | 45 W | |||
E3120 | 3.16 GHz | 65 W |
5100-series "Woodcrest"
Technology node 65nm | | |
Microarchitecture | Core/Merom | |
---|---|---|
Instruction set | x86-64 | |
Physical specifications | ||
Cores |
| |
Socket(s) | ||
Products, models, variants | ||
Brand name(s) |
| |
Variant(s) |
| |
History | ||
Predecessor(s) | Dempsey | |
Successor(s) | Wolfdale-DP |
On June 26, 2006, Intel released the dual-core CPU (Xeon branded 5100 series) codenamed Woodcrest (product code 80556); it was the first Intel Core/Merom microarchitecture processor to be launched on the market. It is a dual-processor server and workstation version of the Core 2 processor. Intel claimed that it provides an 80% boost in performance, while reducing power consumption by 20% relative to the 5000 series Dempsey.
Most models have a 1333 MT/s FSB, except for the 5110 and 5120, which have a 1066 MT/s FSB. The fastest processor (5160) operates at 3.0 GHz. All Woodcrest processors use the LGA 771 (Socket J) socket and all except two models have a TDP of 65 W. The 5160 has a TDP of 80 W and the 5148LV (2.33 GHz) has a TDP of 40 W. The previous generation Xeons had a TDP of 130 W. All models support Intel 64 (Intel's x86-64 implementation), the XD bit, and Virtualization Technology, with the Demand-based switching power management option only on Dual-Core Xeon 5140 or above. Woodcrest has 4 MB of shared L2 cache.
Model | Speed | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
5110 | 1.60 GHz | 4 MB | 1066 MT/s | 65 W |
5120 | 1.83 GHz | |||
5128 | 40 W | |||
5130 | 2.0 GHz | 1333 MT/s | 65 W | |
5138 | 2.13 GHz | 1066 MT/s | 35 W | |
5140 | 2.33 GHz | 1333 MT/s | 65 W | |
5148 | 40 W | |||
5150 | 2.66 GHz | 65 W | ||
5160 | 3.00 GHz | 80 W |
5200-series "Wolfdale-DP"
General information | |
---|---|
Launched | 2007 |
Discontinued | present |
Technology node | 45 nm |
Microarchitecture | Penryn |
Instruction set | x86 |
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
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Package(s) | |
Products, models, variants | |
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On November 11, 2007, Intel released the dual-core CPU (Xeon branded 5200 series) codenamed Wolfdale-DP (product code 80573).
Model | Speed (GHz) | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
E5205 | 1.86 GHz | 6 MB | 1066 MT/s | 65 W |
L5238 | 2.66 GHz | 1333 MT/s | 35 W | |
L5240 | 3.00 GHz | 40 W | ||
X5260 | 3.33 GHz | 80 W | ||
X5270 | 3.50 GHz | |||
X5272 | 3.40 GHz | 1600 MT/s |
7200-series "Tigerton"
The 7200 series, codenamed Tigerton (product code 80564) is an MP-capable processor, similar to the 7300 series, but, in contrast, there is a single dual-core die.[18][19][20][21]
Model | Speed | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
E7210 | 2.40 GHz | 4 MB | 1066 MT/s | 80 W |
E7220 | 2.93 GHz |
Quad-Core and Six-Core Xeon
3200-series "Kentsfield "
Intel released rebranded versions of its quad-core (2×2) Core 2 Quad processor as the Xeon 3200-series (product code 80562) on January 7, 2007.
Model | Speed | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
X3210 | 2.13 GHz | 4 MB × 2 | 1066 MT/s | 100/105 W |
X3220 | 2.40 GHz | |||
X3230 | 2.66 GHz | 100 W |
3300-series "Yorkfield"
Intel released relabeled versions of its quad-core
The
5300-series "Clovertown"
Core | |
Instruction set | x86 |
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Physical specifications | |
Cores |
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Package(s) | |
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A quad-core (2×2) successor of the Woodcrest for DP segment, consisting of two dual-core Woodcrest chips in one package similarly to the dual-core Pentium D branded CPUs (two single-core chips) or the quad-core
Model | Speed | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
E5310 | 1.60 GHz | 4 MB × 2 | 1066 MT/s | 80 W |
L5310 | 50 W | |||
E5320 | 1.86 GHz | 80 W | ||
L5320 | 50 W | |||
E5335 | 2.00 GHz | 1333 MT/s | 80 W | |
L5335 | 50 W | |||
E5345 | 2.33 GHz | 80 W | ||
X5355 | 2.66 GHz | 120 W | ||
X5365 | 3.00 GHz | 150 W |
5400-series "Harpertown"
General information | |
---|---|
Launched | 2007 |
Discontinued | present |
Technology node | 45 nm |
Microarchitecture | Penryn |
Instruction set | x86 |
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
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Package(s) | |
Products, models, variants | |
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On November 11, 2007 Intel presented
Intel 1.6 GT/s front-side bus Xeon processors will drop into the Intel 5400 (Seaburg) chipset whereas several mainboards featuring the Intel 5000/5200-chipset are enabled to run the processors with a 1333 MHz front-side bus speed. Seaburg features support for dual PCIe 2.0 x16 slots and up to 128 GB of memory.[31][32]
Model | Speed | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
E5405 | 2.00 GHz | 2 × 6 MB | 1333 MT/s | 80 W |
L5408 | 2.13 GHz | 1066 MT/s | 40 W | |
E5410 | 2.33 GHz | 1333 MT/s | 80 W | |
L5410 | 50 W | |||
E5420 | 2.50 GHz | 80 W | ||
L5420 | 50 W | |||
E5430 | 2.66 GHz | 80 W | ||
L5430 | 50 W | |||
E5440 | 2.83 GHz | 80 W | ||
X5450 | 3.00 GHz | 120 W | ||
E5450 | 80 W | |||
X5460 | 3.16 GHz | 120 W | ||
X5470 | 3.33 GHz | |||
E5462 | 2.80 GHz | 1600 MT/s | 80 W | |
E5472 | 3.00 GHz | |||
X5472 | 120 W | |||
X5482 | 3.20 GHz | 150 W | ||
X5492 | 3.40 GHz |
7300-series "Tigerton QC"
General information | |
---|---|
Launched | 2007 |
Discontinued | present |
Core | |
Instruction set | x86 |
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
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Package(s) | |
Products, models, variants | |
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The 7300 series, codenamed Tigerton QC (product code 80565) is a four-socket (packaged in
The 7300 series uses Intel's Caneland (Clarksboro) platform.
Intel claims the 7300 series Xeons offer more than twice the performance per watt as Intel's previous generation 7100 series. The 7300 series' Caneland chipset provides a point to point interface allowing the full front side bus bandwidth per processor.
The 7xxx series is aimed at the large server market, supporting configurations of up to 32 CPUs per host.
Model | Speed | L2 cache | FSB | TDP |
---|---|---|---|---|
E7310 | 1.60 GHz | 2×2 MB | 1066 MT/s | 80 W |
E7320 | 2.13 GHz | |||
E7330 | 2.40 GHz | 2×3 MB | ||
E7340 | 2×4 MB | |||
L7345 | 1.86 GHz | 50 W | ||
X7350 | 2.93 GHz | 130 W |
7400-series "Dunnington"
General information | |
---|---|
Launched | 2008 |
Discontinued | present |
Technology node | 45 nm |
Microarchitecture | Penryn |
Instruction set | x86 |
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
|
Package(s) | |
Products, models, variants | |
Brand name(s) |
|
Dunnington
Announced on September 15, 2008.[36]
Model | Speed | L3 cache | FSB | TDP | Cores |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
E7420 | 2.13 GHz | 8 MB | 1066 MT/s | 90 W | 4 |
E7430 | 12 MB | ||||
E7440 | 2.40 GHz | 16 MB | |||
L7445 | 2.13 GHz | 12 MB | 50 W | ||
E7450 | 2.40 GHz | 90 W | 6 | ||
L7455 | 2.13 GHz | 65 W | |||
X7460 | 2.66 GHz | 16 MB | 130 W |
Nehalem-based Xeon
3400-series "Lynnfield"
Xeon 3400-series processors based on Lynnfield are designed for entry-level servers compared to Bloomfield, which is designed for uniprocessor workstations. Like Bloomfield, they are quad-core single-package processors based on the
3400-series "Clarkdale"
At low end of the 3400-series is not a Lynnfield but a Clarkdale processor, which is also used in the Core i3-500 and Core i5-600 processors as well as the Celeron G1000 and G6000 Pentium series. A single model was released in March 2010, the Xeon L3406. Compared to all other Clarkdale-based products, this one does not support integrated graphics, but has a much lower thermal design power of just 30 W. Compared to the Lynnfield-based Xeon 3400 models, it only offers two cores.
W3500-series "Bloomfield"
Bloomfield (or Nehalem-E) is the codename for the successor to the Xeon 3300 series, is based on the
The performance improvements over the previous Xeon 3300 series are based mainly on:
- Integrated DDR3UDIMM (Unbuffered) or RDIMM (Registered)
- A new point-to-point processor interconnect QuickPath, replacing the legacy front side bus
- Simultaneous multithreading by multiple cores and hyper-threading (2× per core).
- Turbo Boost, an overclocking technology that allows the CPU to run at a clock speed higher than the base speed as needed
Model | Speed | L3 cache | QPI speed | DDR3 speed | TDP | Cores | Threads | Turbo-Boost |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
W3503 | 2.40 GHz | 4 MB | 4.8 GT/s | 1066 MT/s | 130 W | 2 | No | |
W3505 | 2.53 GHz | |||||||
W3520 | 2.66 GHz | 8 MB | 4 | 8 | Yes | |||
W3530 | 2.80 GHz | |||||||
W3540 | 2.93 GHz | |||||||
W3550 | 3.06 GHz | |||||||
W3565 | 3.20 GHz | |||||||
W3570 | 3.2 GHz | 6.4 GT/s | 1333 MT/s | |||||
W3580 | 3.33 GHz |
5500-series "Gainestown"
General information | |
---|---|
Launched | 2008 |
Discontinued | present |
Technology node | 45 nm |
Microarchitecture | Nehalem |
Instruction set | x86 |
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
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Package(s) | |
Products, models, variants | |
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Gainestown or Nehalem-EP (Efficient Performance), the successor to Wolfdale-DP, and Harpertown, is based on the
The performance improvements over Wolfdale-DP and Harpertown processors are based mainly on:
- Monolithic design for quad-core models
- Integrated memory controller supporting three memory channels of DDR3 memory with ECC support.
- A new point-to-point processor interconnect QuickPath, replacing the legacy front side bus. Gainestown has two QuickPath interfaces.
- Hyper-threading (2× per core, starting from 5518), that was already present in NetBurst-based processors
- Turbo Boost, an overclocking technology that allows the CPU to run at a clock speed higher than the base speed as needed
Model | Speed | L3 cache | QPI speed | DDR3 speed | TDP | Cores | Threads | Turbo-Boost |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
E5502 | 1.87 GHz | 4 MB | 4.8 GT/s | 800 MT/s | 80 W | 2 | No | |
E5503 | 2.00 GHz | |||||||
E5504 | 4 | 4 | ||||||
E5506 | 2.13 GHz | |||||||
L5506 | 60 W | |||||||
E5507 | 2.26 GHz | 80 W | ||||||
L5518 | 2.13 GHz | 8 MB | 5.86 GT/s | 1066 MT/s | 60 W | 8 | Yes | |
E5520 | 2.26 GHz | 80 W | ||||||
L5520 | 60 W | |||||||
E5530 | 2.40 GHz | 80 W | ||||||
L5530 | 60 W | |||||||
E5540 | 2.53 GHz | 80 W | ||||||
X5550 | 2.66 GHz | 6.4 GT/s | 1333 MT/s | 95 W | ||||
X5560 | 2.80 GHz | |||||||
X5570 | 2.93 GHz | |||||||
W5580 | 3.20 GHz | 130 W | ||||||
W5590 | 3.33 GHz |
C3500/C5500-series "Jasper Forest"
General information | |
---|---|
Launched | 2010 |
Discontinued | present |
Technology node | 45 nm |
Microarchitecture | Nehalem |
Instruction set | x86 |
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
|
Package(s) | |
Products, models, variants | |
Brand name(s) |
|
Jasper Forest is a Nehalem-based embedded processor with PCI Express connections on-die, core counts from 1 to 4 cores and power envelopes from 23 to 85 watts.[38]
The uni-processor version without QPI comes as LC35xx and EC35xx, while the dual-processor version is sold as LC55xx and EC55xx and uses QPI for communication between the processors. Both versions use a DMI link to communicate with the 3420 that is also used in the 3400-series Lynfield Xeon processors, but use an LGA 1366 package that is otherwise used for processors with QPI but no DMI or PCI Express links. The CPUID code of both Lynnfield and Jasper forest is 106Ex, i.e., family 6, model 30.
The
W3600/5600-series "Gulftown" & "Westmere-EP"
Gulftown and Westmere-EP, six-core 32 nm architecture
Model | Speed | L3 cache | QPI speed | DDR3 speed | TDP | Cores | Threads | Turbo-Boost |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
W3670 | 3.20 GHz | 12 MB | 4.8 GT/s | 1066 MT/s | 130 W | 6 | 12 | Yes |
W3680 | 3.33 GHz | 6.4 GT/s | 1333 MT/s | |||||
W3690 | 3.46 GHz | |||||||
E5603 | 1.60 GHz | 4 MB | 4.8 GT/s | 800 MT/s | 80 W | 4 | 4 | No |
E5606 | 2.13 GHz | 8 MB | 1066 MT/s | |||||
E5607 | 2.26 GHz | |||||||
L5609 | 1.86 GHz | 12 MB | 40 W | |||||
L5618 | 5.86 GT/s | 8 | Yes | |||||
E5620 | 2.40 GHz | 80 W | ||||||
L5630 | 2.13 GHz | 40 W | ||||||
E5630 | 2.53 GHz | 80 W | ||||||
L5638 | 2.00 GHz | 1333 MT/s | 60 W | 6 | 12 | |||
L5639 | 2.13 GHz | |||||||
L5640 | 2.26 GHz | |||||||
E5640 | 2.66 GHz | 1066 MT/s | 80 W | 4 | 8 | |||
L5645 | 2.40 GHz | 1333 MT/s | 60 W | 6 | 12 | |||
E5645 | 80 W | |||||||
E5649 | 2.53 GHz | |||||||
X5650 | 2.66 GHz | 6.4 GT/s | 95 W | |||||
X5660 | 2.80 GHz | |||||||
X5667 | 3.06 GHz | 4 | 8 | |||||
X5670 | 2.93 GHz | 6 | 12 | |||||
X5672 | 3.20 GHz | 4 | 8 | |||||
X5675 | 3.06 GHz | 6 | 12 | |||||
X5677 | 3.46 GHz | 130 W | 4 | 8 | ||||
X5679 | 3.20 GHz | 1066 MT/s | 115 W | 6 | 12 | |||
X5680 | 3.33 GHz | 1333 MT/s | 130 W | |||||
X5687 | 3.60 GHz | 4 | 8 | |||||
X5690 | 3.46 GHz | 6 | 12 | |||||
X5698 | 4.40 GHz | 1066 MT/s | 2 | 4 | No |
6500/7500-series "Beckton"
Technology node 45 nm | | |
Microarchitecture | Nehalem | |
---|---|---|
Instruction set | x86 | |
Physical specifications | ||
Cores |
| |
Package(s) | ||
Products, models, variants | ||
Brand name(s) |
|
Beckton or Nehalem-EX (Expandable server market) is a Nehalem-based processor with up to eight cores and uses buffering inside the chipset to support up to 16 standard DDR3 DIMMs per CPU socket without requiring the use of FB-DIMMs.[39] Unlike all previous Xeon MP processors, Nehalem-EX uses the new LGA 1567 (Socket LS) package, replacing the Socket 604 used in the previous models, up to Xeon 7400 "Dunnington". The 75xx models have four QuickPath interfaces, so it can be used in up-to eight-socket configurations, while the 65xx models are only for up to two sockets. Designed by the Digital Enterprise Group (DEG) Santa Clara and Hudson Design Teams, Beckton is manufactured on the P1266 (45 nm) technology. Its launch in March 2010 coincided with that of its direct competitor, AMD's Opteron 6xxx "Magny-Cours".[40]
Most models limit the number of cores and QPI links as well as the L3 cache size in order to get a broader range of products out of the single chip design.
E7-x8xx-series "Westmere-EX"
Westmere-EX is the follow-on to Beckton/Nehalem-EX and the first Intel processor to have ten CPU cores. The microarchitecture is the same as in the six-core Gulftown/Westmere-EP processor, but it uses the LGA 1567 package like Beckton to support up to eight sockets.
Starting with Westmere-EX, the naming scheme has changed once again, with "E7-xxxx" now signifying the high-end line of Xeon processors using a package that supports larger than two-CPU configurations, formerly the 7xxx series. Similarly, the 3xxx uniprocessor and 5xxx dual-processor series turned into E3-xxxx and E5-xxxx, respectively, for later processors.
Sandy Bridge- and Ivy Bridge-based Xeon
E3-12xx-series "Sandy Bridge"
The Xeon E3-12xx line of processors, introduced in April 2011, uses the
E3-12xx v2-series "Ivy Bridge"
Xeon E3-12xx v2 is a minor update of the Sandy Bridge-based E3-12xx, using the 22 nm shrink, and providing slightly better performance while remaining backwards compatible. They were released in May 2012 and mirror the desktop Core i3/i5/i7-3xxx parts.
E5-14xx/24xx series "Sandy Bridge-EN" and E5-16xx/26xx/46xx-series "Sandy Bridge-EP"
The Xeon E5-16xx processors follow the previous Xeon 3500/3600-series products as the high-end single-socket platform, using the LGA 2011 package introduced with this processor. They share the Sandy Bridge-E platform with the single-socket Core i7-38xx and i7-39xx processors. The CPU chips have no integrated GPU but eight CPU cores, some of which are disabled in the entry-level products. The Xeon E5-26xx line has the same features but also enables multi-socket operation like the earlier Xeon 5000-series and Xeon 7000-series processors.
E5-14xx v2/24xx v2 series "Ivy Bridge-EN" and E5-16xx v2/26xx v2/46xx v2 series "Ivy Bridge-EP"
The Xeon E5 v2 line was an update, released in September 2013 to replace the original Xeon E5 processors with a variant based on the Ivy Bridge shrink. The maximum number of CPU cores was raised to 12 per processor module and the total L3 cache was upped to 30 MB.[41][42] The consumer version of the Xeon E5-16xx v2 processor is the Core i7-48xx and 49xx.
E7-28xx v2/48xx v2/88xx v2 series "Ivy Bridge-EX"
The Xeon E7 v2 line was an update, released in February 2014 to replace the original Xeon E7 processors with a variant based on the Ivy Bridge shrink. There was no Sandy Bridge version of these processors but rather a Westmere version.
Haswell-based Xeon
E3-12xx v3 series "Haswell-WS"
Introduced in May 2013, Xeon E3-12xx v3 is the first Xeon series based on the Haswell microarchitecture. It uses the new LGA 1150 socket, which was introduced with the desktop Core i5/i7 Haswell processors, incompatible with the LGA 1155 that was used in Xeon E3 and E3 v2. As before, the main difference between the desktop and server versions is added support for ECC memory in the Xeon-branded parts. The main benefit of the new microarchitecture is better power efficiency.
E5-16xx/26xx v3 series "Haswell-EP"
Introduced in September 2014, Xeon E5-16xx v3 and Xeon E5-26xx v3 series use the new
One of the new features of this generation is that Xeon E5 v3 models with more than 10 cores support
E7-48xx/88xx v3 series "Haswell-EX"
Introduced in May 2015, Xeon E7-48xx v3 and Xeon E7-88xx v3 series provide higher core counts, higher per-core performance and improved reliability features, compared to the previous Xeon E7 v2 generation. Following the usual SKU nomenclature, Xeon E7-48xx v3 and E7-88xx v3 series allow multi-socket operation, supporting up to quad- and eight-socket configurations, respectively.[44][45] These processors use the LGA 2011 (R1) socket.[46]
Xeon E7-48xx v3 and E7-88xx v3 series contain a quad-channel
Xeon E7-48xx v3 and E7-88xx v3 series also contain functional bug-free support for Transactional Synchronization Extensions (TSX), which was disabled via a microcode update in August 2014 for Haswell-E, Haswell-WS (E3-12xx v3) and Haswell-EP (E5-16xx/26xx v3) models, due to a bug that was discovered in the TSX implementation.[44][45][47][48][49][50]
Broadwell-based Xeon
E3-12xx v4 series "Broadwell-H"
Introduced in June 2015, Xeon E3-12xx v4 is the first Xeon series based on the Broadwell microarchitecture. It uses LGA 1150 socket, which was introduced with the desktop Core i5/i7 Haswell processors. As before, the main difference between the desktop and server versions is added support for ECC memory in the Xeon-branded parts. The main benefit of the new microarchitecture is the new lithography process, which results in better power efficiency.
Skylake-based Xeon
E3-12xx v5 series "Skylake-S"
Introduced in October 2015, Xeon E3-12xx v5 is the first Xeon series based on the Skylake microarchitecture. It uses new LGA 1151 socket, which was introduced with the desktop Core i5/i7 Skylake processors. Although it uses the same socket as consumer processors, it is limited to the C200 server chipset series and will not work with consumer chipsets like Z170. As before, the main difference between the desktop and server versions is added support for ECC memory in the Xeon-branded parts.
1st generation Xeon Scalable "Skylake-SP"
Kaby Lake-based Xeon
E3-12xx v6 series
Introduced in January 2017, Xeon E3-12xx v6 is the first Xeon series based on the Kaby Lake microarchitecture. It uses the same LGA 1151 socket, which was introduced with the desktop Core i5/i7 Kaby Lake processors. As before, the main difference between the desktop and server versions is added support for ECC memory and improved energy efficiency in the Xeon-branded parts.
Coffee Lake-based Xeon
Coffee Lake-E (Server/Workstation)
Processor branding |
Model | Cores
(Threads) |
Base CPU clock rate |
Max. Turbo
clock rate |
GPU
|
max GPU clock rate |
L3 cache [note 1] |
TDP | Memory support |
Price (USD) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xeon E | 2186G | 6 (12) | 3.8 GHz | 4.7 GHz | UHD P630 | 1.20 GHz | 12 MB | 95 W | Up to 64 GB[note 2] DDR4 2666 ECC memory supported |
$506 |
2176G | 3.7 GHz | 80 W | $406 | |||||||
2174G | 4 (8) | 3.8 GHz | 8 MB | 71 W | $370 | |||||
2146G | 6 (12) | 3.5 GHz | 4.5 GHz | 12 MB | 80 W | $350 | ||||
2144G | 4 (8) | 3.6 GHz | 8 MB | 71 W | $306 | |||||
2136 | 6 (12) | 3.3 GHz | N/A | 12 MB | 80 W | $319 | ||||
2134 | 4 (8) | 3.5 GHz | 8 MB | 71 W | $281 | |||||
2126G | 6 (6) | 3.3 GHz | UHD P630 | 1.20 GHz | 12 MB | 80 W | $286 | |||
2124G | 4 (4) | 3.4 GHz | 8 MB | 71 W | $245 | |||||
2124 | 3.3 GHz | 4.3 GHz | N/A | $217 | ||||||
2104G | 3.2 GHz | N/A | UHD P630 | 1.20 GHz | 65 W | $193 |
Coffee Lake-E Refresh (Server/Workstation)
Processor branding |
Model | Cores
(Threads) |
Base CPU clock rate |
Max. Turbo
clock rate |
GPU
|
max GPU clock rate |
L3 cache [note 3] |
TDP | Memory support |
Price (USD) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xeon E | 2288G | 8 (16) | 3.7 GHz | 5.0 GHz | UHD P630 | 1.20 GHz | 16 MiB | 95 W | Up to 128 GB[note 4] DDR4 2666 ECC memory supported |
$539 |
2286G | 6 (12) | 4.0 GHz | 4.9 GHz | 12 MiB | $450 | |||||
2278G | 8 (16) | 3.4 GHz | 5.0 GHz | 16 MiB | 80 W | $494 | ||||
2276G | 6 (12) | 3.8 GHz | 4.9 GHz | 12 MiB | $362 | |||||
2274G | 4 (8) | 4.0 GHz | 8 MiB | 83 W | $328 | |||||
2246G | 6 (12) | 3.6 GHz | 4.8 GHz | 12 MiB | 80 W | $311 | ||||
2244G | 4 (8) | 3.8 GHz | 8 MiB | 71 W | $272 | |||||
2236 | 6 (12) | 3.4 GHz | N/A | 12 MiB | 80 W | $284 | ||||
2234 | 4 (8) | 3.6 GHz | 8 MiB | 71 W | $250 | |||||
2226G | 6 (6) | 3.4 GHz | 4.7 GHz | UHD P630 | 1.20 GHz | 12 MiB | 80 W | $255 | ||
2224G | 4 (4) | 3.5 GHz | 8 MiB | 71 W | $213 | |||||
2224 | 3.4 GHz | 4.6 GHz | N/A | $193 |
Comet Lake-based Xeon
Cascade Lake-based Xeon
Variants
- Server: Cascade Lake-SP (Scalable Performance; meaning multi physical processors configuration), Cascade Lake-AP (Advanced Performance)
- Workstation: Cascade Lake-W
- Enthusiast: Cascade Lake-X
Cooper Lake-based Xeon
The 3rd generation Xeon SP processors for 4S and 8S.
Ice Lake-based Xeon
The 3rd generation Xeon SP processors for WS, 1S and 2S.
Rocket Lake-based Xeon
Sapphire Rapids-based Xeon
Introduced in 2023, the 4th generation Xeon Scalable processors (Sapphire Rapids-SP and Sapphire Rapids-HBM) and Xeon W-2400 and W-3400 series (Sapphire Rapids-WS) provide large performance enhancements over the prior generation.
Features
CPU
- Up to 60 Golden Cove CPU cores per package
- AVX512-FP16
- TSX Suspend Load Address Tracking (
TSXLDTRK
) - Advanced Matrix Extensions (AMX)
- Trust Domain Extensions (TDX), a collection of technologies to help deploy hardware-isolated virtual machines (VMs) called trust domains (TDs)
- In-Field Scan (IFS), a technology that allows for testing the processor for potential hardware faults without taking it completely offline
- Data Streaming Accelerator (DSA), allows for speeding up data copy and transformation between different kinds of storage
- QuickAssist Technology (QAT), allows for improved performance of compression and encryption tasks
- Dynamic Load Balancer (DLB), allows for offloading tasks of load balancing, packet prioritization and queue management
- In-Memory Analytics Accelerator (IAA), allows accelerating in-memory databases and big data analytics
Not all accelerators are available in all processor models. Some accelerators are available under the Intel On Demand program, also known as Software Defined Silicon (SDSi), where a license is required to activate a given accelerator that is physically present in the processor. The license can be obtained as a one-time purchase or as a paid subscription. Activating the license requires support in the operating system. A driver with the necessary support was added in Linux kernel version 6.2.
I/O
- PCI Express 5.0
- Direct Media Interface 4.0
- 8-channel DDR5 memory support up to DDR5-4800, up to 2 DIMMs per channel
- On-package High Bandwidth Memory 2e memory as L4 cache on Xeon Max models
- Compute Express Link 1.1
Emerald Rapids-based Xeon
Supercomputers
By 2013 Xeon processors were ubiquitous in supercomputers—more than 80% of the TOP500 machines in 2013 used them. For the fastest machines, much of the performance comes from compute accelerators; Intel's entry into that market was the Xeon Phi, the first machines using it appeared in June 2012 and by June 2013 it was used in the fastest computer in the world.
- The first Xeon-based machines in the top-10 appeared in November 2002, two clusters at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and at NOAA.
- The first Xeon-based machine to be in the first place of the TOP500 was the Chinese Tianhe-IA in November 2010, which used a mixed Xeon-Nvidia GPU configuration; it was overtaken by the Japanese K computer in 2012, but the Tianhe-2 system using 12-core Xeon E5-2692 processors and Xeon Phicards occupied the first place in both TOP500 lists of 2013.
- The SuperMUC system, using eight-core Xeon E5-2680 processors but no accelerator cards, managed fourth place in June 2012 and had dropped to tenth by November 2013
- Xeon processor-based systems are among the top 20 fastest systems by memory bandwidth as measured by the STREAM benchmark.[51]
- An Intel Xeon virtual SMP system using ScaleMP's Versatile SMP (vSMP) architecture with 128 cores and 1 TiB RAM.[52] This system aggregates 16 Stoakley platform (Seaburg chipset) systems with total of 32 Harpertownprocessors.
See also
- AMD Epyc
- AMD Opteron
- Intel Itanium
- Intel Intel MICarchitecture
- List of Intel processors
- List of Macintosh models grouped by CPU type
Notes
References
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- S2CID 21384417.
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