Ahmad al-Wafi
Ahmad al-Wafi الوافي أَحْمَد Eighth Muhammad al-Taqi | |
|---|---|
| Title | al-Wafi(lit. 'true to one's word') al-Radi (lit. 'the satisfied one') |
| Personal | |
| Born | 149 AH (approximately 765/766) |
| Died | 212 AH (approximately 827/828) Salamiyah |
| Resting place | Salamiyah, Syria |
| Religion | Shia Islam |
| Children | List of children
|
| Parents |
|
| Other names | ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad |
| Part of a series on Islam Isma'ilism |
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 Islam portal |
Abū Aḥmad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl (
Ahmad
as his successor and died around 828.
With the death of
dawr al-satr came into force from 197/813 to 268/882, wherein the Imams were known as al-a'imma al-masturin (lit. 'the concealed Imams'). The concealment ended with the establishment of the Fatimid caliphate
(r. 909–1171).
Historical background
With the death of
al-Husayn (the 10th Imam).[7][8] Among the later Isma'ili historians, Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Naysaburi, the author of Istitār al-Imām, compiled under the Fatimid Imam–Caliph al-Aziz Billah (r. 975–995) seems first to have mentioned the names of the three 'hidden' Imams.[8]
Modern historian of the Fatimid period, Shainool Jiwa, explains that during dawr al-satr (765–909 CE) Isma'ili doctrine had spread as far as from Yemen to Ifriqiya (modern-day Tunisia and eastern Algeria), with its most prominent adherents being the Kutama Berbers of North Africa.[9]
Life
Abd Allah, the future Ahmad al-Wafi, was born in 149/766.Fatima, who were the cousin and daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, respectively. Abd Allah's mother was Fatima, the daughter of Sarah, sister of Ishaq ibn al-Abbas.[11][12] When Muhammad ibn Isma'il was about to die, he handed over the earth to his son, Abd Allah, making him his successor and trustee.[13]
The
Ahwaz, in the province of Khuzestan, whence he later fled to Basra and then to Salamiyah in central Syria, where he built a house and resided in the cloak of a local merchant.[15][16][17] There lived many eminent Hashimites in Salamiyah; most of them belonged to the posterity of Aqil ibn Abi Talib, but some of whom were related to the Abbasids.[17] Abd Allah pretended to be of their number—and succeeded in keeping alive.[16][17] The efforts of Abd Allah, began to bear fruit in the 260s/870s, when numerous da'is appeared in Iraq and adjacent regions.[18]
Abd Allah further on repaired to
Muhammad al-Taqi.[13][14] Abd Allah had another son besides Ahmad, Ibrahim.[17] Nothing is virtually known about Ibrahim, save the fact that his posterity was still living at the time of the Fatimid Imam–Caliph Abd Allah al-Mahdi Billah in Salamiyah and were slain by the Qarmatians in 290/902.[19][4] Before dying in about 212/827–828, Abd Allah had designated his son Ahmad as his successor.[15][17][4]
-
House and Mausoleum of Abd Allah, Salamiyah -
"Qabr Mubarak" Imam Abd Allah, Salamiyah -
Mosque of Imam Abd Allah, Salamiyah, Syria, renovated by the Dawoodi Bohras
See also
Footnotes
References
- ^ a b c Tajddin 1997, p. 177.
- ^ Daftary 2007, pp. 90, 95–96.
- ^ Nasr 1966, p. 159.
- ^ a b c Makarem 1969.
- ^ Daftary 2007, p. 712.
- ^ Daftary 1998, p. 3.
- ^ Daftary 2007, pp. 100, 507.
- ^ a b Tajddin 1997, p. 205.
- ^ Jiwa 2018, p. 79.
- ^ Tajddin 2009, p. 27.
- ^ Tajddin 1997, p. 176.
- ^ Hollister 1953, p. 205.
- ^ a b Hollister 1953, p. 206.
- ^ a b Tajddin 2009, p. 28.
- ^ a b Daftary 2007, p. 100.
- ^ a b Hollister 1953, p. 207.
- ^ a b c d e Tajddin 2009, p. 29.
- ^ Daftary 2007, pp. 178–195.
- ^ Tajddin 1997, p. 185.
Sources
- ISBN 978-0-521-61636-2.
- Tajddin, Mumtaz Ali (1997). Ismailis Through History (PDF). Karachi: Islamic book publisher.
- Tajddin, Mumtaz Ali (2009). Brief history of the Shia Ismaili Imams. Karachi.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Ivanow, Vladimir (1942). Ismaili Tradition Concerning the Rise of the Fatimids. Islamic Research Association. ISBN 978-0-598-52924-4.
- Hollister, John Norman (1953). The Shi'a of India. Luzac. ISBN 978-8170691068.
- Daftary, Farhad (2013). A History of Shi'i Islam. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 9780755608669.
- Makarem, Sami Nasib (1969). The Hidden Imams of the Ismailis. al-Abhath.
- Jiwa, Shainool (2018). The Fatimids. 1. The Rise of a Muslim Empire. London and New York: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-78453-935-1.
- Daftary, Farhad (1998). A short history of the Ismailis. ISBN 978-0-7486-0687-0.
- Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (1966). Ideals and Realities of Islam. Praeger.