Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site

Coordinates: 38°02′26″N 103°25′46″W / 38.0406°N 103.4294°W / 38.0406; -103.4294 (Bent's Old Fort)
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Bent's Old Fort
U.S. National Historic Site
Bent's Old Fort
Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site is located in Colorado
Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site
Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site is located in the United States
Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site
LocationOtero County, Colorado, United States
Nearest cityLa Junta, Colorado
Coordinates38°02′26″N 103°25′46″W / 38.0406°N 103.4294°W / 38.0406; -103.4294 (Bent's Old Fort)
Area799 acres (3.23 km2)[1]
Built1833
ArchitectWilliam Bent; Charles Bent
Visitation28,131 (2009)[2]
WebsiteBent's Old Fort National Historic Site
NRHP reference No.66000254
Significant dates
Added to NRHPOctober 15, 1966 [3]
Designated NHLJune 3, 1960
Designated NHSDecember 19, 1960 [4]

Bent's Old Fort is a

American permanent settlement on the Santa Fe Trail between Missouri
and the Mexican settlements. It was destroyed in 1849.

The fort was reconstructed and is open to the public. The area of the fort was designated a National Historic Site under the National Park Service on June 3, 1960. It was further designated a National Historic Landmark later that year on December 19, 1960.[4][5][6]

History

buffalo
robes.

From 1833 to 1849, the fort was a stopping point along the

Stephen Watts Kearny's "Army of the West".[9]

Ralph Emerson Twitchell makes the following statement.[10]

Bent's Fort is described as having been a structure built of adobe bricks. It was 180 feet long and 135 feet wide. The walls were 15 feet in height and four feet thick and it was the strongest post at that time west of Ft. Leavenworth. The construction of this fort was commenced in 1828 ... at a point on the Arkansas somewhere between the present cities of Pueblo and Canon City, having been disadvantageously located. Four years were required in which to complete the structure. On the northwest and southeast corners were hexagonal bastions, in which were mounted a number of cannon. The walls of the fort served as walls of the rooms, all of which faced inwardly on a court or plaza. The walls were loopholed for musketry, and the entrance was through large wooden gates of very heavy timbers.

Destruction

Bent's Old Fort, Lower Level Plan

In 1849 when a great cholera epidemic struck the Cheyenne and other Plains Indians, William Bent abandoned Bent's Fort and moved his headquarters north to Fort Saint Vrain on the South Platte. When he returned south in 1852, he relocated his trading business to his log trading post at Big Timbers, near what is now Lamar, Colorado. Later, in the fall of 1853, Bent began building a stone fort on the bluff above Big Timbers, Bent's New Fort, where he conducted his trading business until 1860.[11]

When the fort was reconstructed in 1976, its authenticity was based on the use of archaeological excavations, paintings and original sketches, diaries and other existing historical data from the period.

In popular culture

Gallery

  • Bent's Old Fort entrance sign in Otero County, Colorado
    Bent's Old Fort entrance sign in Otero County, Colorado
  • Bent's Old Fort outside view
    Bent's Old Fort outside view
  • "Gentlemen" who stopped by the fort while traveling the Santa Fe Trail stayed in the upstairs quarters.
    "Gentlemen" who stopped by the fort while traveling the Santa Fe Trail stayed in the upstairs quarters.
  • Row of rooms on the right side of the fort
    Row of rooms on the right side of the fort
  • The billiards room was located on the second floor of the fort.
    The billiards room was located on the second floor of the fort.
  • Clothes washing area at Bent's Old Fort
    Clothes washing area at Bent's Old Fort
  • View of the entrance from inside Bent's Old Fort
    View of the entrance from inside Bent's Old Fort

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Listing of acreage – December 31, 2011" (XLSX). Land Resource Division, National Park Service. Retrieved March 30, 2012. (National Park Service Acreage Reports)
  2. ^ "NPS Annual Recreation Visits Report". National Park Service. Retrieved March 30, 2012.
  3. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  4. ^ a b "Bent's Old Fort". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. September 28, 2007. Archived from the original on February 6, 2009.
  5. ^ "Bent's Old Fort or Fort William", April 20, 1984, by Carl McWilliams and Karen Johnson". National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination. National Park Service. 1983.
  6. ^ "Bent's Old Fort or Fort William--Accompanying 20 photos, from 1983". National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination. National Park Service. 1983.
  7. ^ Hampton Slides, Blood and Thunder, at p. 43 (2006) (Anchor Books paperback ed.)
  8. ^ Memoires of My Life--John charles Fremont, Cooper Square Press, 2001, p. 426-428
  9. ISBN 978-0-8032-8116-5
    .
  10. ^ Ralph Emerson Twitchell, 'The History of the Military Occupation of the Territory of New Mexico from 1846 to 1851 by the Government of the United States Archived September 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (1909) p.40
  11. ^ Pages 53 to 65, 94, 102, Halaas and Masich, Halfbreed
  12. ISBN 0 330 28004 X
  13. ^ Restaurant Website Archived November 23, 2012, at the Wayback Machine

References

Further reading

External links
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