Hesperocyparis arizonica
Hesperocyparis arizonica | |
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Hesperocyparis arizonica (Arizona cypress) foliage and cone | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Gymnospermae |
Division: | Pinophyta |
Class: | Pinopsida |
Order: | Cupressales
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Family: | Cupressaceae |
Genus: | Hesperocyparis |
Species: | H. arizonica
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Binomial name | |
Hesperocyparis arizonica (Greene) Bartel
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Natural range of Hesperocyparis arizonica | |
Synonyms[3] | |
List
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Hesperocyparis arizonica, the Arizona cypress, is a North American species of tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to the southwestern United States and Mexico. Populations may be scattered rather than in large, dense stands.
Description
Hesperocyparis arizonica is a
Taxonomy
Hesperocyparis arizonica was given its first scientific name and described by
As of 2024 Plants of the World Online (POWO), World Flora Online (WFO), and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS database (PLANTS) list H. arizonica as the correct species name.[3][6][7] This classification was published by Jim A. Bartel in 2009.[3] However, Cupressus continues to be used in professional papers by some scientists.[8][9]
Other disagreements have been over the validity of various subspecies of H. arizonica. A total of eleven have been validly published. However seven of these are listed as
The remaining four are listed as separate species:- Hesperocyparis glabra formerly Cupressus arizonica var. glabra – Smooth Arizona cypress[10]
- Hesperocyparis montana formerly Cupressus arizonica var. montana – San Pedro Mártir cypress[11]
- Hesperocyparis nevadensis formerly Cupressus arizonica var. nevadensis – Paiute cypress[12]
- Hesperocyparis stephensonii formerly Cupressus arizonica var. stephensonii – Cuyamaca cypress[13]
Distribution
Hesperocyparis arizonica is found mainly in northern Mexico in the states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Tamaulipas, and Zacatecas. It is also found in small areas of the southwestern United States in the southern parts of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. In the US it is found between 1000 and 1500 meters in elevation while in Mexico it reaches as high as 2200 meters in some forests.[14][3] In the wild, the species is often found in small, scattered populations, not necessarily in large forests. An example occurrence is within the Sierra Juárez and San Pedro Mártir pine–oak forests of Mexico,[15] where it is found along with canyon live oak and California fan palm.
Uses
Arizona cypress is widely cultivated as an ornamental tree. Unlike
The cultivar 'Pyramidalis'[16] has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (confirmed 2017).[17]
Example of neoendemism and conservation challenges
The ease of
References
- . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ NatureServe (2024). "Cupressus arizonica". Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Hesperocyparis arizonica (Greene) Bartel". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
- ^ Eckenwalder, James E. (1993). "Cupressus arizonica". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 2. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ Greene, Edward Lee (May 1882). "New Western Plants". Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 9 (5). New York: Torrey Botanical Club: 64–65. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
- ^ a b "Hesperocyparis arizonica (Greene) Bartel". World Flora Online. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
- ^ Hesperocyparis arizonica, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Profile, 13 February 2024
- S2CID 266410521. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
- ISBN 9783527321414.
- ^ "Hesperocyparis glabra (Sudw.) Bartel". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
- ^ "Hesperocyparis montana (Wiggins) Bartel". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
- ^ "Hesperocyparis nevadensis (Abrams) Bartel". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
- ^ "Hesperocyparis stephensonii (C.B.Wolf) Bartel". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
- ^ Earle, Christopher J. (3 March 2023). "Cupressus arizonica (Arizona cypress) description". The Gymnosperm Database. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
- ^ National Geographic 2001.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector – Cupressus arizonica 'Blue Ice'". Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ "AGM Plants – Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 26. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
- PMID 21712198.
- ^ Barlow, Connie. "Climate, Trees, and Legacy: 04 - Lessons of Arizona Cypress". youtube. ghostsofevolution. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
Further reading
- World Wildlife Fund, ed. (2001). "Sierra Juarez and Sierra Pedro Martir Pine-oak Forests". WildWorld Ecoregion Profile. National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 2010-03-08.
- Farjon, A. (2013). "Cupressus arizonica". . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
External links
- USDA Plants Profile for Hesperocyparis arizonica (Arizona cypress)
- Calflora as Hesperocyparis stephensonii
- Jepson eFlora, The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley as Hesperocyparis stephensonii
- Hike Arizona.com: Photos of Arizona Cypress (Cupressus arizonica)
- Cupressus arizonica in the CalPhotos photo database, University of California, Berkeley