Netherlands–Spain relations
Netherlands |
Spain |
---|---|
Diplomatic mission | |
Embassy of the Netherlands, Madrid | Embassy of Spain, The Hague |
Netherlands–Spain relations are the
History
Reign of Carlos I
With his successor,
On a territorial level, in 1521 he conquered the city of
Reign of Philip II
On 25 October 1555, Emperor Charles V resigned from his son Philip the headquarters of the Order of the Golden Fleece, the Duchy of Burgundy and therefore the 17 territories from the Netherlands.
Within the Hispanic monarchy, the Netherlands offered a good economic vitality, with a well-established merchant class. So the attempts to increase taxes to cover wars, the defense of their privileges and the spread of
In 1568, the
Before the death of the King of Spain, the territory of the Netherlands, in theory the seventeen provinces, did not pass to his son
Reign of Philip III
The peace treaties with France (1598) and with England (1604) and the exhaustion by war led to the establishment of the truce of the twelve years.
In practice, the northern territories formed the United Provinces: Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Gelderland (with Zutphen), Overijssel (with Drenthe), Friesland and Groningen, in addition to the territories of the Generalitat (parts of Brabant, Flanders and Limburg) . And the southern territories under the sovereignty of the Habsburgs formed the Spanish Netherlands: Flanders, Artois, Hainaut, Namur, Luxembourg, Brabant, Antwerp, Mechelen, Limburg. This was reflected in the States General of the Netherlands, since in the northern part they settled in The Hague and in the southern part in Brussels.
Reign of Philip IV
In 1621, Archduke Alberto died without having had descendants, and by the Act of Assignment of 1598,
Reign of Carlos II
- In the and Binche).
- In Treaty of Nijmegen (19 September 1678), which ended Franco-Dutch War (1672–1678) seats were ceded in the Netherlands (Cassel, Bailleul, Ypres, Wervick, Warneton, Cambrai, Bouchain, Condé -sur-l'Escaut, Bavay).
- In the Truce of Regensburg (15 August 1684), which interrupted the War of the Reunions motivated by the Meeting chambers,[7] Luxembourg was lost after a war of several months.[8]
- By Rijswijk Treaty (20 September 1697), which concluded Nine Years' War, part of the lost territories was recovered after the previous treaties, such as the squares of Mons, Luxembourg, Kortrijk, Chimay, Charleroi, etc. because the French monarch was interested in his family inheriting all the territories of the Spanish crown.
Agreements
Following the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding on 13 July 2004 in The Hague, bilateral relations and visits increased. In 2008 the Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende signed a Joint Declaration in Madrid for the development of the Memorandum of Understanding. It envisaged the intensification of cooperation in immigration, R&D, energy, climate change, terrorism, human rights and intercultural dialogue, and multilateral cooperation (NATO and development cooperation).[9]
Commerce
The Netherlands is one of the main trading partners of Spain, occupying the seventh position in the ranking of countries receiving Spanish exports and reaching an export figure of 6,807 million euro s, 2.9% of the Total exports of Spain in 2013. According to the first estimates provided by the Estacom database, Spanish exports to the Netherlands increased by 2.15% in 2013. As far as imports are concerned, the Netherlands is the sixth largest supplier partner in Spain. The value of goods and services imported from the country to Spain in 2013 amounted to 9,853 million euros. Imports of Dutch products to Spain declined in 2013, and for that period the coverage rate was 69%.[9]
Cultural relations
There is great interest in the Netherlands for Spanish culture and language, and culture Spanish and it is reflected in the numerous manifestations of Spanish culture in this country. The Spanish Embassy has a Cultural Department that every year executes a cultural program previously approved by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In the field of education, the increase in demand for Spanish as a foreign language in all educational sections, especially in university and higher education, stands out. Special mention also requires the existence of an Instituto Cervantes, based in Utrecht, which organizes numerous cultural promotion and dissemination activities in Spanish.[10]
Resident diplomatic missions
- The Netherlands has an embassy in Madrid.
- Spain has an embassy in The Hague and a consulate-general in Amsterdam.
-
Torre Espaciohosting the Embassy of the Netherlands in Madrid
-
Embassy of Spain in The Hague
See also
- Foreign relations of the Netherlands
- Foreign relations of Spain
- List of ambassadors of Spain to the Netherlands
References
- ^ "Holland under Habsburg Rule, 1506–1566 "d0e1786"".
- ^ Nederland in lijsten allesopeenrij.nl [1] July 2011
- ^ "Collectie Nationaal Archie". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
- ^ "Boletín de la Real Academia de la Historia, julio de 1906" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2012. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ^ a b Conditions of the resignation made by King Don Felipe II, of the states of Flanders in the Infanta Doña Isabel his daughter , included in the Collection of unpublished documents for the history of Spain, vol. XLII, pags. 218–225.
- ^ "Boletín de la Real Academia de la Historia, julio de 1906" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 January 2012. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ISBN 978-90-5183-868-8.
- ^ Mariana, Juan de (15 June 1852). "Historia general de España: la compuesta, enmendada y añadida". Gaspar y Roig – via Google Books.
- ^ a b "Oficina de Información Diplomática del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y Cooperación, Ficha de los Países Bajos" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 October 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ^ Office of Diplomatic Information of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, File of the Netherlands Archived 12 October 2019 at the Wayback Machine, Cultural relations.