Newbury Park, California
Newbury Park, California | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 34°11′03″N 118°54′35″W / 34.18417°N 118.90972°W | |
Country | United States |
State | California |
County | Ventura |
Region | Conejo Valley |
Area | |
• Total | 21.0 sq mi (54 km2) |
• Land | 20.5 sq mi (53 km2) |
• Water | 0.5 sq mi (1 km2) |
Highest elevation | 2,828 ft (862 m) |
Lowest elevation | 500 ft (200 m) |
Population (2010) | |
• Total | 37,775[1] |
• Density | 1,772/sq mi (684/km2) |
ZIP Code | 91320[2] |
Area codes | 805/820 |
GNIS feature IDs | 2585446[3] |
Newbury Park is a
, United States. Most of it lies within the westernNewbury Park makes up around 40 percent of the total land area of Thousand Oaks.
Etymology
Timberville was a 19th-century name for Newbury Park.[17][18][19] Newbury Park is named after Egbert Starr Newbury, the founder of Newbury Park,[20][21] who was also the first postmaster in the Conejo Valley in 1875.[22][23][24] Egbert Starr Newbury called his ranch here "Newbury Park", which became the name for the entire town.[25][26][27]
Newbury had purchased 2200 acres of a former rancho in the Conejo Valley, but he and his family lived there for only six years. They returned to Michigan in 1877 because he was forced into bankruptcy due to crop and livestock losses after a protracted drought.
The Newbury Park Post Office has operated at numerous sites, but the Newbury Park name has survived, even though much of the area was incorporated into the city of Thousand Oaks.[28]
Newbury had chosen the name "Newbury Park" for the US post office, as he felt the area looked like a park.[29][30][31][24]
History
Pre-colonial period
Anthropologist
Early one morning in 9080 B.C., the ancestral grandfather from whom I took my name, headed west on one of his most adventurous hunting trips ever... As the group climbed Old Boney, they looked back to the north and could see the pleasant openings of the Conejo and Hidden Valleys. There, there appeared to be good grazing ground for the mammoth herd and they proceeded thence.[35]
This story may be related to the lore about the Paleo-Indians, who are believed by some to be the distant ancestors of the Chumash.[36] Mammoth fossils were unearthed in Newbury Park in 1961 and later in 1971. They are on display at the Stagecoach Inn Museum.[37] The Newbury Park area is believed to have been inhabited by people of the Chumash culture for at least the past 6,000,[38] 7,000,[39] 8,000,[40] or perhaps 10,000 years.[41][42]
The Newbury Park area was previously the site of three Chumash villages: Satwiwa by the southern edge of town, and two villages located near today's Ventu Park Road. These villages were settled 2,000 years ago, and had a population of 100–200 inhabitants in each village.[42][43]
In addition, a large Chumash village was located just north of what is now known as
The Newbury Park area contains many ancient burial sites, most near the
Satwiwa is now protected as a part of the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area.[51][52][53] But the remains of two other Chumash villages are located on private lands by Ventu Park Road. These are known as CA-Ven-65, CA-Ven-261, and CA-Ven-260 near the fieldhouse in Newbury Park. At CA-Ven-261 is an ancient Chumash burial site, which suggests that the village existed here for a considerable time.[54]
The
Various Chumash artifacts from these older settlements, along with
The
In partnership with Friends of Satwiwa, in 1978 the National Park Service began talks of developing the current Satwiwa Native American Indian Culture Center and Natural Area.
19th century
When the Europeans first arrived in the Conejo Valley, they pressed plow to furrow and fields to barley and wheat.[65] Newbury Park is named after its founder, Egbert Starr Newbury, who owned thousands of acres of land in the Conejo Valley and later became the first postmaster.[26][27] E.S. Newbury, Howard Mills, and John Edwards were among the first to buy former Rancho El Conejo land in the early 1870s.[66][67][68] El Rancho Conejo was an area which today encompasses most of the Conejo Valley and was named for its many rabbits. Its name derives from a Spanish land grant in California, encouraged by the Spanish- and Mexican governments.[69]
Newbury and his wife Fannie moved to California from Michigan of health reasons in 1871. He later became the first postmaster in the Conejo Valley in 1875. The post office was near their house which was located at the current location of the Thousand Oaks Civic Arts Plaza. E.S. Newbury purchased 2,200 acres of land in 1874, which stretched from today's old town Thousand Oaks and into Hidden Valley in southern Newbury Park.[70]
In the 1870s, Egbert S. Newbury and his wife Fannie moved full-time to their ranch in Conejo Valley which they named "Newbury Park" because the land looked so much like a park community.[72][73] It consisted of his house, barn, and a guest house for visitors to "enjoy the healthful climate", according to E.S. Newbury.[73] The area was remote and only five families lived in the Conejo Valley at the time, all on large ranch lands. The ranches were miles apart and there were no grocery stores, medical facilities, schools, or churches in the valley.[74] Newbury had acres of wheat and owned thousands of sheep. The weather had a great impact on his health, and he wrote to his sister Kittie in Michigan on November 23, 1874:
«take wings and come to Conejo and enjoy our warm bright days all winter... be outdoors instead of confined indoors... I am out all the time and our drives now are just lovely with the country all turning green. The birds stay around our house in flocks all the time... Our roads to the ranch are splendid and they lie through beautiful canyons and large groves of live and white oak and sycamore, then into an open valley with slopes and surrounding hills covered with evergreen oaks...».[75]
As a result of the increasing interest in the developing Conejo Valley, Newbury functioned as a public relations representative for the Conejo Valley. On December 25, 1875, E.S. Newbury wrote in the largest newspaper in
«Next to Ojai and Santa Ana ranchos, the Conejo mountain valley has the best reputation as a health resort. It is well fifteen miles from Port Hueneme. The soil is immensely fertile, producing large crops of wheat and other grain...».[76]
Before Newbury Park existed, the
The Conejo Valley pioneers were living in rugged individualism, where travelers had to make their journey over the Conejo Grade or Norwegian Grade to reach Camarillo where they could buy groceries. Newbury Park was an older settlement than Thousand Oaks, where people had settled wedged between Borchard lands on the south and Friedrich land on the north. The residents of the Conejo Valley had to travel to Oxnard for high school, burials or for marriages.[80]
As inhabitants of the valley had to travel to San Buenaventura (Ventura, CA) to get their mail, E.S. Newbury took the initiative to establish a local post office and applied to Washington, D.C. On July 16, 1875, the Newbury Park Post Office was established with E.S. Newbury as its first postmaster.[83]
The Conejo School District was established in March 1877. At the time, the population was 126 in the Conejo Valley.
Modern history
Newbury Park was a more established and older community than Thousand Oaks at the beginning of the 20th century.[87]
In the early 20th century, Newbury Park had a few ranches and stores, wedged between Borchard lands to the south and Friedrich land on the north. During the 1940s,
Prior to the 1960s, Newbury Park was never incorporated as its own city or municipality, it was unincorporated areas of Ventura County with little development. During the 1950s there were speculations persisting that Ventura County officials refused to allow Newbury Park to expand because of a feud with the would-be developers.[87] Between 1950 and 1970, the Conejo Valley experienced a population boom, and increased its population from 3,000 to 30,000.[88]
Many Newbury Park residents did not want to be part of Thousand Oaks, and many residents fought to stop the incorporation in fear of losing the Newbury Park identity.[2] Newbury Park had made failed attempts at creating its own municipality in the early 1960s, not only to create its own city, but to also remain independent of Thousand Oaks. A 1963 attempt at a cityhood election failed when the Janss's Rancho Conejo Industrial Park and the Talley Corporation refused to join the efforts. Activist Reba Hays Jeffries of the Stagecoach Inn had a different explanation for interviewers when addressing why efforts at an independent municipality failed. She claimed the cityhood supporters were required to collect signatures from owners who represented 29% of the land area in Newbury Park. As the efforts collected signatures from 29% of registered voters, and not Newbury Park landowners, the petition never appeared on the ballot.[7] Reba M.H. Jeffries was one of several opponents to the idea of annexation when it was first proposed in 1967. Jeffries feared for the identity of Newbury Park and was quoted in an interview saying: "It's a shame that the Thousand Oaks personality is overpowering to the extent that Newbury Park is losing its large ranches and freedom." Jeffries was also opposed to the proposition to demolish the Stagecoach Inn in 1964, and fought to keep the Newbury Park Post Office in town.[89]
The City of Thousand Oaks was formally established on September 29, 1964, and throughout the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s, most Newbury Park land was annexed by the City of Thousand Oaks.
Newbury Park has had an increasing population due to the presence of biotechnology firms and technology corporations, such as Amgen (world headquarters) and Baxter, and other high-technology corporations.[91]
President George W. Bush visited the Newbury Park High School and the Satwiwa Native American Indian Culture Center in 2003.[92][93][94][95]
Housing
The community contains two major new residential areas, Rancho Conejo Village (built on the site of the former Rancho Conejo Airport, where portions of the film
Geography
Newbury Park can be described as a town,[6] community,[97] or section[14] mostly within the Thousand Oaks city limits in addition to rural areas west of Thousand Oaks. Newbury Park is bordered by Lynn Road in the east and the Conejo Grade on the west. It borders the Santa Monica Mountains in the south, while Hill Canyon and the ridges of Conejo Canyons Open Space make up its northernmost area. It has an average elevation of 628 feet (191 m) above sea level, and is situated 12 miles (19 km) from the Pacific Ocean. Newbury Park is 42 miles (68 km) west of Los Angeles.[2] It is situated in the southeastern corner of Ventura County, between the Santa Monica Mountains to the south, and protected nature areas such as Wildwood Regional Park to the north. Thousand Oaks proper is to the east and the city of Camarillo is down the Conejo Grade to the west. Newbury Park is made up of ZIP code 91320; however, certain post office boxes by Newbury Road use ZIP code 91319.[2]
Compared to eastern part of Thousand Oaks, Newbury Park remains a significantly more rural community which includes for equestrian areas.[98] The recreational areas accessible from U.S. Highway 101 include the Los Padres and Angeles National Forests. Being located less than six miles from the Los Angeles County line, Newbury Park is in the northwestern part of the Greater Los Angeles Area. Newbury Park is both a benefactor and a victim of the modern-day freeway development. It is a planned community, which originally solely functioned as a bedroom community. In recent times, however, Newbury Park has attracted numerous high-tech industries, keeping many of its former commuters home.[99]
Newbury Park has three freeway exits on U.S. Route 101 (the Ventura Freeway). It can also be reached by crossing through the Santa Monica Mountains from the coast. The main road (Potrero Road) through Hidden Valley leads into Newbury Park. There are numerous trailheads including one into the Santa Monica Mountains that leads to the coast. There are also trailheads to Wildwood Regional Park with trails to other portions of Thousand Oaks and Moorpark.
The unincorporated county islands of Casa Conejo, Ventu Park and Kelley Estates are within Newbury Park. Street sign colors vary from unincorporated areas and areas incorporated into Thousand Oaks.[2]
Climate
While the Conejo Valley is generally cooler than the
Annual rainfall averages about ten inches in Newbury Park, while the humidity averages 52 percent. The temperature ranges from 55 to 77 degrees, and tends to be cooler than in neighboring Thousand Oaks.[2]
There are typically at least a few days per year with lows below freezing, occasionally falling into the upper 20s.
Climate data for Newbury Park, California | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 92 (33) |
92 (33) |
96 (36) |
105 (41) |
102 (39) |
106 (41) |
105 (41) |
105 (41) |
109 (43) |
108 (42) |
99 (37) |
99 (37) |
109 (43) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 68 (20) |
69 (21) |
70 (21) |
74 (23) |
74 (23) |
78 (26) |
81 (26) |
82 (28) |
81 (27) |
78 (26) |
73 (23) |
69 (21) |
74.75 (23.83) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 41 (5) |
42 (6) |
43 (6) |
46 (8) |
49 (9) |
53 (12) |
56 (13) |
57 (14) |
55 (13) |
50 (10) |
44 (7) |
41 (5) |
48.08 (9) |
Record low °F (°C) | 25 (−4) |
26 (−3) |
25 (−4) |
30 (−1) |
35 (2) |
37 (3) |
42 (6) |
40 (4) |
40 (4) |
32 (0) |
28 (−2) |
25 (−4) |
25 (−4) |
Average precipitation inches (cm) | 4.18 (10.62) |
4.65 (11.81) |
3.57 (9.07) |
0.80 (2.03) |
0.30 (0.76) |
0.05 (0.13) |
0.01 (0.03) |
0.08 (0.2) |
0.32 (0.81) |
0.52 (1.32) |
1.45 (3.68) |
2.48 (6.3) |
18.41 (46.76) |
Source: weather.com[100] |
On February 21, 2019, snow fell on the peak of
Cityscape
The physiography consists of prominent knolls, open vistas, surrounding mountains, and native oak woodland. It is characterized by its many rolling green hills.
Newbury Park is bounded by Malibu Coast AVA in the south, home of wineries such as SIP Malibu Grapes, Cornell Winery, and Malibu Family Wines.[104]
Natural hazards
Some of the natural hazards include wildfires,
Two large fires have seriously threatened Newbury Park in recent years.
The Springs Fire started just west of Newbury Park, right off the U.S. 101 freeway, on May 2, 2013. It burned large portions of many of the hills and mountains surrounding the town, but no structures were lost in Newbury Park due to aggressive firefighting efforts. This fire was extinguished four days later, thanks to an unusual rainstorm falling in the area.[114]
The Hill Fire and
Newbury Park was also affected by the massive
Geology
Newbury Park is the westernmost community in the Conejo Valley, which is located in southern
While the Oxnard Plain and the community of Camarillo are immediately to the west, the Santa Rosa Valley is beyond the Conejo Mountains or through Hill Canyon to the north. Beyond the Santa Monica's to the south is the Pacific Ocean, while the San Fernando Valley is beyond the valley's eastern ridges. The physiography is characterized by open vistas, high peaks, creeks and creek-beds, prominent knolls, and native oak woodlands.[122]
Along with the Santa Rosa-, Tierra Rejada- and Simi Valleys, the Conejo Valley is also drained by tributaries of the Calleguas Creek. Its principal tributary, Arroyo Conejo, flows through Newbury Park in a southwesterly direction before discharging into the Pacific Ocean by the Mugu Lagoon.[123]
Wildlife
Being surrounded by open-space wilderness areas and
The
Mammals more frequently encountered than the Mountain lion include the
The
Demographics
According to the
Economy
Agriculture was the only industry present in Newbury Park for many decades, and dominated the economy until the 1950s.
Amgen has its headquarters in Newbury Park, and is the world's largest biotech company as well as the largest employer in the Conejo Valley.
Industry
Northern Newbury Park, which had been land owned by the
As of 2017, Amgen employs 5,125 people, or 7.5% of Thousand Oaks' total employment.[162] It is the largest employer in Ventura County.[163][152]
Rancho Conejo Industrial Park contains the majority of Thousand Oaks' industrial businesses. It has over 120 properties as of 2017, ranging from 5,000 sq. ft. to 127,000 sq. ft.[164]
Arts and culture
Newbury Park is home to museums such as the
Stagecoach Inn, originally known as Grand Union Hotel, is a city landmark which appears on the National Register of Historic Places. The inn, which originally was erected in 1876, is now operated as a museum. It is home to a replica of the valley's first school, the Timber School from 1889, as well as a carriage house, blacksmith shop and the "Tri-Village." Anderson Exhibit Hall showcases Chumash artifacts and fossils found in the area.[168]
Satwiwa Native American Indian Culture Center is located by the Santa Monica Mountains and is operated by the National Park Service. The center is home to a replica of a Chumash house ('ap), as well as Native-American workshops, programs and art.[169] Satwiwa is located at the foothills of Boney Mountain, a sacred mountain to the Chumash.[170] Satwiwa is used by the Chumash Barbareño-Ventureño Band of Mission Indians for events and ceremonies, including summer solstice and the Hutash ceremony.[64]
Parks and recreation
Newbury Park offers miles of trails and a natural environment integrated among its neighborhoods.
On the northern end is Wildwood Regional Park, which offers fourteen trails covering more than 17 miles (27 km).
Two campgrounds, Danielson and Circle X, are reached from Potrero Road in Newbury Park.[184]
List of parks and public open-space
List of public-owned open-space areas and parks in Newbury Park:[182][185]
- Alta Vista Open Space
- Arroyo Conejo Open Space
- Banyan Park
- Borchard Community Park
- Conejo Canyons Open Space
- Cypress Park
- Deer Ridge Open Space
- Del Prado Playfield
- Dos Vientos Community Park
- Dos Vientos Open Space
- Dos Vientos Neighborhood Park
- Hickory Park
- Kimber Park
- Knoll Open Space (Knoll Park)
- Los Vientos Open Space
- Lynn Oaks Park
- Newbury Gateway Park
- Old Conejo Open Space
- Peppertree Playfield
- Potrero Ridge Open Space
- Rancho Conejo Playfields
- Rancho Sierra Vista Park (Satwiwa)
- Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area (SMMNRA)
- Stagecoach Inn Park
- Ventu Park Open Space
- Walnut Grove Park
- Walnut Open Space
- Wendy Park
Politics
Newbury Park is considered a stronghold for the Republican Party, and had three registered Republican voters for every Democratic voter as of 2007.[186][187]
Calvary Chapel Godspeak in Newbury Park is a church that is often visited by Republican politicians for speeches and events.[188] Some notable speakers include Republican nominees for president, Rand Paul in 2013[189][190] and Newt Gingrich in 2011.[191] The senior pastor is Rob McCoy, who was the 2014 Republican candidate for California's 44th State Assembly district and is a former mayor of Thousand Oaks.[192][193][194][195]
Richard Sybert of Newbury Park was the Republican candidate for the
Public safety
Fire department
The Ventura County Fire Department (VCFD) provides fire protection and emergency medical services. Two fire stations are located in Newbury Park.[199][200]
Law enforcement
Ventura County Sheriff's Office provides law enforcement services for Newbury Park.[201] They operate a resource center in the city.[202]
Crime
Newbury Park has one of the lowest crime rates in
Newbury Park experienced its first homicide in over ten years on November 30, 2017.[205][206]
Education
Timber School, now known as Conejo Valley High School, is the first of the existing schools, having been built in 1924 to replace the first one-room schoolhouse that was built in 1889. Recent additions to the school were made in the late 1940s and 1950s. Newbury Park Adventist Academy is the second of the existing schools in Newbury Park, founded in 1947.
- Conejo Valley Unified School District
- Newbury Park High School
- Redwood Middle School
- Sequoia Middle School
- Sycamore Canyon Middle School
- Newbury Park Adventist Academy
- Conejo Adventist Elementary School
- Walnut Elementary School
- Earths Elementary School
- Banyan Elementary School
- Cypress Elementary School
- Maple Elementary School
Media
Thousand Oaks Acorn is the main newspaper serving Newbury Park, while Ventura County Star is a larger regional paper covering the county. Former Newbury Park newspapers have included the Newbury Star by editor Shirley Haigh Sheets (Peggy Page) in the 1960s, as well as Our Town USA and The Newburian, which was published by Newbury Park Adventist Academy with editor Pat Horning. Joseph Canale became the editor of Newbury Park Reporter, after he was sent here in order to establish a Newbury Park edition of the Star Free Press.[209]
Transportation
Newbury Park may be reached from four freeway exits on the Ventura Freeway (U.S. Route 101): Exit 46 for Ventu Park Road, Exit 47A for Rancho Conejo Boulevard, 47B for Borchard Road, and Exit 47B/47C for Wendy Drive. Additionally, the community may be reached on route one (Gold Line) by the
Newbury Park was home to
Notable people
The community is home to celebrities. Examples include
In popular culture
Because of its relatively close proximity to the studios in Hollywood, numerous TV shows and movies were filmed here, including for example Flaming Frontier (1926), Wild Horse (1931), Clearing the Range (1931), Wuthering Heights (1939), Lassie Come Home (1943), Sands of Iwo Jima (1949),[223] The Horse Soldiers (1959), and It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963).[224][225] More recent movies filmed here includes Bedtime Stories (2008), Gamers: The Movie (2006), Road to the Open (2014), The Diner (2014), and The Double Born (2008).[226]
Various movies have also been shot in Hidden Valley, which borders the Santa Monica Mountains in southernmost Newbury Park. Some movies shot here include Alvin and the Chipmunks (2007), Commando (1985), The Lone Ranger (1956), Come On, Tarzan (1932), Jagged Edge (1985), The Hand (1981), Spinout (1965), Three Hours to Kill (1954), A Lawless Street (1955), and many more. TV-series with shots filmed here include American Horror Story (2011), Justified (2010), Beverly Hills, 90210 (1992), Columbo (1971), Charmed (1988), and We Bought a Zoo (2011) amongst others.[227]
Many western-style movies were filmed in Wildwood Regional Park, which borders Newbury Park to the north. Some of the movies and TV-series filmed here include
Belinda Carlisle was a student at Newbury Park High School, and has credited her song California to her life "growing up in Newbury Park and Southern California."[229][230]
Points of interest
Places of interest include:[231][232]
- Mount Boney
- nature preserve and gift from actor Bob Hope
- Newbury Park High School Theatre, host of the annual Newbury Park Jazz Festival and other festivals, plays and musicals.[233]
- Newbury Park Library, branch of Grant R. Brimhall Library, home of Thousand Oaks Community Gallery.[171]
- California State Park offering 60 mi (97 km) of hiking trails.[234]
- Backbone Trail, long-distance trail connecting Newbury Park to the Pacific Ocean
- Big Sycamore Canyon, canyon in Point Mugu State Park which cuts through the Santa Monica Mountains.[184]
- Angel Vistain the Santa Monica Mountains
-
- Chumash Indians.
- Rancho Sierra Vista, historic ranch area owned by the National Park Service. "Big Sycamore to the Sea" is a relatively easy 8-mile hike from Rancho Sierra Vista to the ocean via Point Mugu State Park.[242]
- U.S. National Register of Historic Places. Designated California Historical Landmark #659, Ventura County Landmark #30, and Thousand Oaks City Landmark No. 1.[243][244]
- Timber School, oldest school structure still standing in Conejo Valley. Thousand Oaks City Landmark #12 and Ventura County Landmark No. 166.[247][248]
- Wildwood Regional Park, 1,765 acres (714 ha) regional park bordering Newbury Park in the north
See also
References
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External links
- Media related to Newbury Park, Thousand Oaks at Wikimedia Commons