Rand Paul
Rand Paul | |
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United States Senator from Kentucky | |
Assumed office January 3, 2011 Serving with Mitch McConnell | |
Preceded by | Jim Bunning |
Ranking Member of the Senate Homeland Security Committee | |
Assumed office January 3, 2023 | |
Preceded by | Rob Portman |
Ranking Member of the Senate Small Business Committee | |
In office February 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023 | |
Preceded by | Ben Cardin |
Succeeded by | Joni Ernst |
Personal details | |
Born | Randal Howard Paul January 7, 1963 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
Political party | Republican |
Spouse | |
Children | 3 |
Relatives | Ron Paul (father) |
Education | Baylor University Duke University (MD) |
Signature | |
Website | Senate website |
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U.S. Senator from Kentucky
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Randal Howard Paul (born January 7, 1963) is an American politician serving as the
Paul attended Baylor University and is a graduate of the Duke University School of Medicine. Paul was a practicing ophthalmologist in Bowling Green, Kentucky, from 1993 until his election to the Senate in 2010. He was re-elected to a second term in 2016, and won a third term in 2022.[4]
Paul
Early life
Randal Howard Paul was born on January 7, 1963, in
Paul was baptized in the Episcopal Church[9] and identified as a practicing Christian as a teenager.[10]
Despite his father's libertarian views and strong support for individual rights,[10][11] the novelist Ayn Rand was not the inspiration for his first name. Growing up, he went by "Randy",[12] but his wife shortened it to "Rand."[13][14]
The Paul family moved to Lake Jackson, Texas in 1968,[15] where he was reared[16][17] and where his father began a medical practice and for a period of time was the only obstetrician in Brazoria County.[18][15]
When Rand was 13, his father Ron Paul was elected to the United States House of Representatives.
Paul attended Baylor University from fall 1981 to summer 1984 and was enrolled in the honors program. During the time he spent at Baylor, he completed his pre-med requirements in two and a half years,
Medical career
After completing his residency in ophthalmology, Paul moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky, where he has been an "active, licensed physician" since 1993.[25][26] He worked for Downing McPeak Vision Centers for five years. In 1998, he joined a private medical group practice, the Graves Gilbert Clinic, in Bowling Green, for 10 years. In 2008, Paul formed his own private practice across the street from John Downing, his former employer at Downing McPeak.[27] After his election to the U.S. Senate, he merged his practice with Downing's medical practice.[28]
Paul has faced two malpractice lawsuits between 1993 and 2010; he was cleared in one case while the other was settled for $50,000.[27] His medical work has been praised by Downing and he has medical privileges at two Bowling Green hospitals.[27] In April 2020, after recovering from COVID-19, Paul began volunteering at a hospital in Bowling Green, assisting them in their response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Kentucky.[29]
Paul specializes in cataract and glaucoma surgeries, LASIK procedures, and corneal transplants.[13] As a member of the Bowling Green Noon Lions Club, Paul founded the Southern Kentucky Lions Eye Clinic in 2009 to help provide eye surgery and exams for those who cannot afford to pay.[30] Paul won the Melvin Jones Fellow Award for Dedicated Humanitarian Services from the Lions Club International Foundation for his work establishing the Southern Kentucky Lions Eye Clinic.[31]
National Board of Ophthalmology
In 1995, Paul was certified to practice by the American Board of Ophthalmology (ABO).[32] Three years earlier, the ABO had changed its certification program, which previously awarded lifetime certifications, and required ophthalmologists to recertify every 10 years, while those who had already been given lifetime certification were not required to recertify. Paul felt this was unfair and campaigned to have all ophthalmologists recertify every ten years.
In 1999, he incorporated the National Board of Ophthalmology (NBO) to offer an alternative certification system, at a cost substantially lower than that of the ABO.[33][34][35] Board members were Paul, his wife, and his father-in-law.[36] His father-in-law, the board's secretary, stated "I never did go to any meetings ... There was really nothing involved. It was more just a title than anything else, for me".[33] By Paul's estimate, about 50 or 60 doctors were certified by the NBO.[33] The NBO was not accepted as an accrediting entity by organizations such as the American Board of Medical Specialties, and its certification was considered invalid by many hospitals and insurance companies. Paul did not file the required paperwork with the Kentucky Secretary of State's office for the NBO's renewal to operate in 2000. He recreated the board in 2005, but it was again dissolved in 2011.[37]
Paul maintained his own ABO certification from 1995 to 2005. Specialty certification does not affect physician licensure, and Paul's medical license has been valid continuously, with no board actions, since June 1993.[38]
Political activism
Paul was head of the local chapter of the Young Conservatives of Texas during his time at Baylor University.[20] In 1984, Paul took a semester off to aid his father's campaign in the 1984 United States Senate election in Texas, which was eventually lost to fellow Representative Phil Gramm.[20]
While attending
In response to the breaking of President Bush's promise not to raise taxes, Paul founded the North Carolina Taxpayers Union in 1991.[21] In 1994, Paul founded the anti-tax organization Kentucky Taxpayers United (KTU), and was chair of the organization from its inception. He has often cited his involvement with KTU as the foundation of his involvement with state politics.[39] The group[40][41] examined Kentucky legislators' records on taxation and spending and encouraged politicians to publicly pledge to vote uniformly against tax increases.[42][43]
Paul managed his father's successful 1996 congressional campaign, in which the elder Paul returned to the House after a twelve-year absence. The elder Paul defeated incumbent Democrat-turned-Republican Greg Laughlin in the Republican primary, despite Laughlin's support from the NRCC and Republican leaders such as Newt Gingrich and George W. Bush.[20]
The Wall Street Journal reported in 2010 that, although Paul had told a Kentucky television audience as recently as September 2009 that KTU published ratings each year on state legislators' tax positions and that "we've done that for about 15 years", the group had stopped issuing its ratings and report cards after 2002 and had been legally dissolved by the state in 2000 after failing to file registration documents.[39]
Paul spoke on his father's behalf when his father was campaigning for office,[44] including throughout the elder Paul's run in the 2008 presidential election, during which Rand campaigned door-to-door in New Hampshire[45] and spoke in Boston at a fundraising rally for his father on the 234th anniversary of the Boston Tea Party.[46]
In February 2014, Paul joined the Tea Party-affiliated conservative advocacy group FreedomWorks in filing a class-action lawsuit charging that the federal government's bulk collection of Americans' phone records metadata is a violation of the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.[47][48][49] Commenting on the lawsuit at a press conference, Paul said, "I'm not against the NSA, I'm not against spying, I'm not against looking at phone records... I just want you to go to a judge, have an individual's name and [get] a warrant. That's what the Fourth Amendment says."[47] He also said there was no evidence the surveillance of phone metadata had stopped terrorism.[47] Critics, including Harvard University law professor Alan Dershowitz[50] and Steven Aftergood, the director of the American Scientists' Project on Government Secrecy,[49] called the lawsuit a political "stunt". Paul's political campaign organization said that the names of members of the public who went to Paul's websites and signed on as potential class-action participants would be available in the organization's database for future campaign use.[47][51]
On the announcement of the filing of the lawsuit, Mattie Fein, the spokeswoman for and former wife of attorney Bruce Fein, complained that Fein's intellectual contribution to the lawsuit had been stolen and that he had not been properly paid for his work.[52] Paul's representatives denied the charge, and Fein issued a statement saying that Mattie Fein had not been authorized to speak for him on the matter and that he had in fact been paid for his work on the lawsuit.[52]
Paul is co-author of a book entitled The Tea Party Goes to Washington (2011)[53][54] and also the author of Government Bullies: How Everyday Americans Are Being Harassed, Abused, and Imprisoned by the Feds (2012).[55] Paul was included in Time magazine's world's 100 most influential people, for 2013 and 2014.[56][57] He is also a contributor to Time magazine.[58]
Election to U.S. Senate
Primary campaign
At the beginning of 2009, there was movement by political supporters of his father to draft Paul in a bid to replace beleaguered Republican Kentucky senator Jim Bunning. Paul's potential candidacy was discussed in the Los Angeles Times[59] and locally in the Kentucky press.[60] Paul's father said, "Should Senator Bunning decide not to run, I think Rand would make a great U.S. Senator."[61] On April 15, 2009, Paul gave his first political speech as a potential candidate at a Tea Party rally held in his town of Bowling Green, Kentucky, where more than 700 people had gathered in support of the Tea Party movement.The Tea Party Goes to Washington. Nashville: Center Street. 2011.
On May 1, 2009, Paul said that if Bunning, whose fundraising in 2009 matched his poor numbers in opinion polling for the 2010 election,[62] declined to seek a third term, he would almost certainly run in the Republican Party primary to succeed him,[63] and formed an exploratory committee soon after, while still promising to stay out of the race if Bunning ultimately decided to run for reelection. Paul made this announcement on MSNBC's The Rachel Maddow Show, though a Kentucky news site first broke the news.[64]
On July 28, 2009, Bunning announced that he would not run for reelection in the face of insufficient fundraising. The announcement left only Paul and Secretary of State Trey Grayson as the remaining candidates for the Republican nomination,[65] with Paul announcing on August 5, 2009, that he would officially run for the U.S. Senate as a Republican. The announcement was made through a series of national TV events, radio, and other programs, as well as newspapers in Kentucky.[66][67][68]
On August 20, 2009, Paul's supporters planned a moneybomb to kick off his campaign. The official campaign took in $433,509 in 24 hours. His website reported that this set a new record in Kentucky's political fundraising history in a 24-hour period.[69] A second "moneybomb" was held on September 23, 2009, to counter a D.C. fundraiser being held for primary opponent Trey Grayson, by 23 Republican United States senators.[70] The theme was a UFC "fight" between "We the People" and the "D.C. Insiders".[71] Later in the campaign, Paul claimed his pledge to not take money from lobbyists and senators who had voted for the bailout was only a "primary pledge";[72] he subsequently held a fundraiser in Washington, D.C., with the same senators who had been the target of the September 23, 2009, "moneybomb". Paul ended up raising some $3 million during the primary period. Paul's fundraising was aided by his father's network of supporters.[20]
Although Grayson was considered the frontrunner in July 2009,[73] Paul found success characterizing Grayson as a "career politician" and challenging Grayson's conservatism. Paul ran an ad in February that made an issue out of Grayson's September 2008 admission that he voted for Bill Clinton when he was 20 years old.[74] James Dobson, a Christian evangelical figure, endorsed Grayson on April 26 based on the advice of what Dobson described as "senior members of the GOP", but on May 3 the Paul campaign announced that Dobson had changed his endorsement to Paul[75] after Paul and some Paul supporters had lobbied Dobson insisting on Paul's social conservative bona fides.[76]
On May 18, Paul won the Republican Senatorial primary by a 23% margin,[77][78] meaning he would face the Kentucky Attorney General Jack Conway, in the November 2 general election.[79]
General campaign
In the 2010 general election, Paul faced Kentucky Attorney General Jack Conway. The campaign attracted $8.5 million in contributions from outside groups, of which $6 million was spent to help Paul and $2.5 million to help Conway. This money influx was in addition to the money spent by the candidates themselves: $6 million by Paul and $4.7 million by Conway.[80][81]
On June 28, 2010, Paul supporters held their first post-primary online fundraising drive, this time promoted as a "money blast".[82][83]
Paul's campaign got off to a rough start after his comments on the Civil Rights Act of 1964 stirred controversy.[84] Paul stated that he favored 9 out of 10 titles of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, but that had he been a senator during the 1960s, he would have raised some questions on the constitutionality of Title II of the Act.[85] Paul said that he abhors racism, and that he would have marched with Martin Luther King Jr. to repeal Jim Crow laws. He later released a statement declaring that he would have voted for the Act and stated "unequivocally ... that I will not support any efforts to repeal the Civil Rights Act of 1964".[86][87] Later he generated more controversy by characterizing statements made by Obama administration officials regarding the Deepwater Horizon oil spill cleanup as sounding "un-American".[88]
Paul defeated Conway in the general election with 56% of the vote to 44% for Conway.
U.S. Senate
112th Congress (2011–2013)
Paul was sworn in on January 5, 2011, along with his father, who was simultaneously in the House of Representatives.[89]
Paul was assigned to be on the
In February, Paul was one of two Republicans to vote against extending three key provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act (roving wiretaps, searches of business records, and conducting surveillance of "lone wolves" — individuals not linked to terrorist groups).[96][97]
On March 2, Paul was one of nine senators to vote against a stopgap bill that cut $4 billion from the budget and would temporarily prevent a
On April 14, he was one of 19 senators to vote against a budget that cut $38.5 billion from the budget and funded the government for the remainder of the fiscal year.[101]
Paul voiced opposition to U.S. intervention in the
On September 7, Paul called for a vote of no confidence in United States Secretary of the Treasury Timothy Geithner.[107] Later that month, Paul blocked legislation that would strengthen safety rules for oil and gas pipelines, because, he stated, the bill was not strong enough.[108] In October, Paul blocked a bill that would provide $36 million in benefits for elderly and disabled refugees, saying that he was concerned that it could be used to aid domestic terrorists. This was in response to two alleged terrorists who came to the United States through a refugee program and were receiving welfare benefits when they were arrested in 2011 in Paul's hometown of Bowling Green.[109] Paul lifted his hold on the bill after Democratic leaders promised to hold a congressional hearing into how individuals are selected for refugee status and request an investigation on how the two suspects were admitted in the country through a refugee program.[110]
In June 2012, Paul endorsed Mitt Romney after it became apparent that he would be the Republican nominee for the 2012 presidential election.[111] However, he was later vocal about his disagreements with Romney on a number of policies.[112]
113th Congress (2013–2015)
For the 113th Congress, Paul was added to the Foreign Relations committee and retained his spot on the Health, Education, Labor and Pensions, Homeland Security and Government Affairs, and Small Business committees.[113]
On March 6–7, 2013, Paul engaged in a
In March 2013, Paul, with Senators
In response to Detroit's declaration of bankruptcy, Paul stated he would not allow the government to attempt to bail out Detroit. In a phone interview with Breitbart News on July 19, 2013, Paul said, "I basically say he is bailing them out over my dead body because we don't have any money in Washington." Paul said he thought a federal bailout would send the wrong message to other cities with financial problems.[125]
In September, Paul stated that the United States should avoid military intervention in the ongoing
In October 2013, Paul was the subject of some controversy when it was discovered that he had plagiarized from
In response to
Two weeks later, after the Russian parliament authorized the use of military force in Ukraine
Paul played a leading role in blocking a treaty with Switzerland that would enable the IRS to conduct tax evasion probes, arguing that the treaty would infringe upon Americans' privacy.[143] Paul received the 2014 Distinguished Service Award from the Center for the National Interest (formally called the Nixon Center) for his public policy work.[144][145]
In response to reports that the
114th Congress (2015–2017)
In the beginning of 2015, Paul re-introduced the
After the death of Antonin Scalia in February 2016, on February 15, Paul indicated that he would oppose any nomination by President Obama to replace the late Supreme Court Justice.[153]
During a press briefing on May 6, 2016, President Obama called on Paul to stop "blocking the implementation of tax treaties that have been pending for years", arguing that they assisted law enforcement in off shore investigations into
115th Congress (2017–2019)
In March 2017, Paul introduced the
Paul questioned President Trump's April 2017 missile strike to Syria by saying, "While we all condemn the atrocities in Syria, the United States was not attacked." He said that further action should not be taken without congressional authorization.[163][164]
Paul was one of 22 senators to sign a letter
Paul confirmed in an October 2017 interview he would not vote for the Republican budget in the Senate unless billions in spending were removed from the plan: "If leadership is unwilling to compromise with somebody who is concerned about the debt, then they deserve to lose."[168]
In February 2018, Republican senators introduced an immigration framework akin to that proposed by President Trump and with his support that called for $25 billion being provided for border security in exchange for a pathway to citizenship for 1.8 million immigrants brought into the US illegally.[169] Paul was one of fourteen Republican senators to vote against the proposal.[170]
FiveThirtyEight, which tracks congressional votes, found that Paul had voted with Donald Trump's positions the least out of all Republicans, only voting with him 74% of the time by August 2018.[171] In December 2018, in the wake of court filings implicating President Trump's involvement in campaign finance violations, including an attempt to buy a woman's silence, Paul played down the alleged violations and said that they should not be "over-criminalized."[172] Paul said that the campaign finance violations were "an error in filing paperwork or not categorizing" and that going after such violations would turn the U.S. into a "banana republic, where every president gets prosecuted and every president gets thrown in jail when they're done with office."[172]
Affordable Care Act repeal
Paul introduced a bill on January 25, 2017, that sought to replace the Affordable Care Act which included each person's having a tax credit of $5,000 and not requiring everyone to have coverage, unlike Obamacare.[173]
On March 2, after marching to the House of Representatives side of Capitol Hill, Paul was filmed knocking on a door while demanding to see their copy of the replacing and repealing the Affordable Care Act bill.[174] Paul spoke with President Trump over the phone on March 6, Paul telling him that the repeal and replacement of the Affordable Care Act should be two separate bills. Two days later, Paul said Republicans were united in repealing the Affordable Care Act but divided in their stances on its replacement.[175] On March 12, Paul accused House Speaker Paul Ryan of being misleading in portraying supporters of the American Health Care Act of 2017 as not being negotiable,[176] and three days later, March 15, furthered that Ryan was "selling" President Trump "a bill of goods" that he had not explained fully to the president.[177]
After the bill was pulled by Republican leaders from a vote, Paul released a statement on March 24 thanking House conservatives for rebelling "against ObamaCare Lite."[178] Later, on April 2, Paul golfed with Trump and Budget Director Mick Mulvaney at the Trump National Golf Club in Virginia, where they discussed a variety of topics, including healthcare.[179][180]
Paul told reporters on June 15 that he was willing to vote for a partial repeal, but not the implementation of new Republican entitlement programs, which he identified as present in both House and Senate versions of the bill.
On September 19, Paul asserted the Graham-Cassidy bill as immortalizing the Affordable Care Act and "a big government boondoggle of a trillion dollars of spending" that Republicans should abandon in favor of pursuing measures that would allow for health insurance to be purchased across state lines.[184] On September 22, after President Trump tweeted that "Rand Paul, or whoever votes against Hcare Bill, will forever (future political campaigns) be known as 'the Republican who saved Obamacare'", Paul responded that he would not be coerced into supporting Graham-Cassidy with bribes or bullying.[185]
116th Congress (2019–2021)
In January 2019, Paul condemned Senator Mitt Romney for writing an editorial criticizing President Trump. Paul said that Romney's criticism of Trump's character was bad for the country and for the Republican Party.[186]
On July 17, 2019, Paul blocked Senator
On November 4, 2019, Paul called on the media to reveal the secret identity of Trump's Ukraine quid pro quo whistleblower after threatening to reveal the name himself.[189]
In February 2020, Paul criticized YouTube for removing a video of his floor speech about the impeachment trial of Donald Trump. His speech contained a controversial question for impeachment manager Adam Schiff and counsel for the president: "Are you aware that House Intelligence Committee staffer Shawn Misko had a close relationship with [...] when at the National Security Council together?"[190][191][192]
On February 26, 2020, Paul's wife purchased between $1,000 and $15,000 worth of stock in Gilead Sciences, a pharmaceutical company that produces an antiviral drug used to treat COVID-19, before the threat from the coronavirus was fully understood by the public; his disclosure of this transaction came 16 months after the legal deadline set forth in the Stock Act, a law that combats insider trading.[193] Paul's office stated that the disclosure form was filled up on time, but by mistake was not submitted.[194] This purchase was the only stock in an individual company that Paul or his wife bought in the previous 10 years.[194]
In September 2020, Paul was the lone Republican to vote against the COVID-19 aid package introduced by Senator Mitch McConnell, joining the Democrats who unanimously voted against it. Paul's grievance with the bill was the accumulation to the debt it would have triggered.[195][196]
After the 2020 presidential election, Paul refused to accept Democratic candidate Joe Biden's victory against Trump and falsely claimed that the election was "stolen."[197]
117th Congress (2021–2023)
Initially, Paul insisted that the 2020 elections were fraudulent,[198][199] and in December 2020, claimed that the election "in many ways was stolen."[200] Later, he accepted the state-certified electors that named Biden.
In a press release and during the Electoral College session to
In January 2022, a video resurfaced of Paul advising medical students at the University of Louisville in 2013, during which he said "misinformation works, so try to trick your opponents".[207]
In May 2022, Paul blocked a bipartisan bill that would provide $40 billion in aid for Ukraine during the
118th Congress (2023–present)
In March 2023, Paul gained particular media attention after he crossed party lines and blocked fellow Republican Senator Josh Hawley's "No TikTok on United States Devices Act", which would ban the app TikTok in the United States.[209][210] In a statement afterwards, Paul said he believes a ban would be a violation of First Amendment rights, adding that it would not necessarily protect the users' information because U.S.-based tech companies have failed to secure data before.[211]
On January 11, 2024, Paul announced that he had a major announcement about the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries planned for the following morning.[212] The next day, Paul delivered an anti-endorsement against Nikki Haley, launching a website called "Never Nikki." In particular, Paul noted his opposition toward Haley's interventionist foreign policy, especially increasing taxpayer funding for Ukraine and aligning with Republicans that might want to “bomb Tehran tomorrow.”[213] He added that he liked Donald Trump, Ron DeSantis, Vivek Ramaswamy, and Robert F. Kennedy Jr., but he declined to officially endorse any of them.[214]
Committee assignments
- Committee on Foreign Relations
- Subcommittee on Near East, South Asia, Central Asia and Counterterrorism
- Subcommittee on Europe and Regional Security Cooperation
- Subcommittee on Multilateral International Development, Multilateral Institutions, and International Economic, Energy and Environmental Policy
- Subcommittee on State Department and USAID Management, International Operations and Bilateral International Development
- Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions
- Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
- Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations
- Subcommittee on Emergency Management, Intergovernmental Relations, and the District of Columbia(chairman)
- Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship (Ranking Member)
On February 3, 2021, Paul was named a ranking member of the Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee.[215]
2016 presidential campaign
Background
Paul was considered a potential candidate for the
In a speech at the GOP Freedom Summit in April 2014, Paul insisted that the GOP has to broaden its appeal in order to grow as a party. To do so, he said it cannot be the party of "fat cats, rich people and Wall Street" and that the conservative movement has never been about rich people or privilege, "we are the middle class", he said. Paul also said that conservatives must present a message of justice and concern for the unemployed and be against government surveillance to attract new people to the movement, including the young, Hispanics, and black voters.[222]
During the 2014 election, Paul launched a social media campaign titled "Hillary's Losers" which was meant to highlight many of the Democratic candidates that lost their bids for the U.S. Senate despite endorsements from
Paul began to assemble his campaign team, setting up campaign offices and hiring his campaign manager in the beginning of 2015, fueling speculation that he was preparing to enter the presidential race.[224] Paul officially announced his presidential candidacy on April 7, 2015. Within a day of his announcement, Paul raised $1 million.[225]
Senate re-election
In April 2011, Paul filed to run for re-election to his Senate seat in 2016.[226] Had he become the Republican presidential (or vice-presidential) nominee, state law would prohibit him from simultaneously running for re-election.[227] In March 2014, the Republican-controlled Kentucky Senate passed a bill that would allow Paul to run for both offices, but the Democratic-controlled Kentucky House of Representatives declined to take it up.[228][229][230]
Paul spent his own campaign money in the 2014 legislative elections, helping Republican candidates for the State House in the hopes of flipping the chamber, thus allowing the legislature to pass the bill (Democratic Governor Steve Beshear's veto can be overridden with a simple majority).[231][232] However, the Democrats retained their 54–46 majority in the State House.[233][234][235] Paul has since given his support to the idea that the Kentucky Republican Party could decide to hold a caucus rather than a primary, potentially giving Paul more time to decide whether he should run for U.S. Senator or continue a potential bid for president.[236]
Exit from presidential campaign
Paul announced the suspension of his presidential campaign on February 3, 2016, shortly after the Iowa caucus, where he finished in fifth place.[237]
Political positions
This article is part of a series on |
Conservatism in the United States |
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A supporter of the Tea Party movement,
Abortion
Paul describes himself as "100%
Immigration
On September 5, 2017, the
Paul was one of 11 Republicans in 2019 to vote against Trump's demand for "emergency border funding".[257]
LGBTQ+
Paul has said that same-sex marriage "offends [himself] and a lot of people" on a personal level, and said there is a "crisis that allows people to think there would be some other sorts of marriage."[258][259] Prior to the Supreme Court's 2015 decision in Obergefell v. Hodges legalizing same-sex marriage across the United States, Paul held the view that the decision to ban same-sex marriage should be in the hands of states.[260] Following the Court's decision, Paul said in 2015, "While I disagree with Supreme Court's redefinition of marriage, I believe that all Americans have the right to contract. The Constitution is silent on the question of marriage because marriage has always been a local issue. Our founding fathers went to the local courthouse to be married, not to Washington, D.C. I've often said I don't want my guns or my marriage registered in Washington."[261]
During
Foreign policy
Unlike his more stridently "non-interventionist" father, Paul concedes a role for American armed forces abroad, including permanent foreign military bases.[264] He has said that he blames supporters of the Iraq War and not President Obama for the growth in violence that occurred in 2014, and that the Iraq War "emboldened" Iran.[265] Dick Cheney, John McCain and Rick Perry responded by calling Paul an isolationist,[266][267] but Paul has pointed to opinion polls of likely GOP primary voters as support for his position.[268] In 2011, shortly after being elected, Paul proposed a budget which specified $542 billion in defense spending. In 2015, he called for a defense budget of $697 billion.[269]
Referring to ISIS, Paul stated: "I personally believe that this group would not be in Iraq and would not be as powerful had we not been supplying their allies in the war [against
In 2016, Paul was one of the first members of Congress to come out in opposition to United States support for the
Paul, like his father, has also been a critic of neoconservatism,[278] and urged Trump not to choose prominent neoconservative Elliott Abrams to serve as Deputy Secretary of State.[279] In April 2018, Paul voted for the confirmation of Mike Pompeo as Secretary of State.[280] Paul had previously insisted that he would not confirm Pompeo, citing Pompeo's hawkish foreign policy beliefs.[281]
In June 2019, Paul criticized the Trump administration for escalating
On June 12, 2017, U.S. senators reached an agreement on legislation imposing
On July 1, 2020, the Senate rejected Paul's amendment to the
On May 12, 2022, Paul stopped a vote on a $40 billion spending bill for aid to Ukraine during the
In January 2024, Paul voted for a resolution, proposed by Bernie Sanders, to apply the human rights provisions of the Foreign Assistance Act to the Israel military assistance. The proposal was defeated 72 to 11.[294]
Criminal justice issues
Paul has focused on
In 2020, Paul held up bipartisan legislation that would make lynching a federal crime.[310] Paul said that he thought lynching should be "universally condemned", but wanted an amendment to clarify that the causation of non-fatal injuries would not be considered lynching.[311]
Paul was one of six Republican senators to vote no on expanding the COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act, which would allow the U.S. Justice Department to review hate crimes related to COVID-19 and establish an online database.[312][313]
On May 28, 2021, Paul voted against creating an independent commission to investigate the
Paul supported the First Step Act.[315]
Drug policy reform
On
Regarding industrial hemp cultivation, Paul has supported efforts to legalize in Kentucky[325][326] and at the federal level as well, introducing the Industrial Hemp Farming Act in 2013.[327] In 2020 he introduced the Hemp Economic Mobilization Plan (HEMP) Act to increase the THC limit of hemp from 0.3% to 1%.[328][329]
In 2022, Paul introduced the Right to Try Clarification Act to clarify that the Right to Try Act allows terminally ill patients to use Schedule I drugs for which a Phase I clinical trial has been completed.[330] Also in 2022, he introduced the Breakthrough Therapies Act to allow Schedule I drugs such as psilocybin and MDMA to be rescheduled when they are designated as breakthrough therapies by the Food and Drug Administration.[331]
Government surveillance
As a critic of warrantless surveillance of Americans, Paul says "the
Climate change
Paul has not definitively accepted the scientific consensus on climate change, which has found that global warming is real, progressing, and primarily caused by humans. Paul has said pollution emissions are subject to "onerous regulation."[341][342] In 2018, Paul called for an investigation of a National Science Foundation grant that went towards educating meteorologists about the science of climate change. Paul said the grant was "not science" but "propagandizing".[343] In a January 2020 tweet, Paul wrote, "Despite climate alarmist predictions, humans will likely survive for hundreds of millions of years into the future. In the meantime, we should begin creating atmospheres on suitable moons or planets."[344]
Animal rights
In 2021, Paul and Senator Cory Booker co-sponsored the FDA Modernization Act 2.0 which eliminated the requirement that drugs in development must use animal testing before commencing human trials.[345] In support of this bill, Paul stated this change would "help end the needless suffering and death of animal test subjects" and will "get safer, more effective drugs to market more quickly by cutting red tape that is not supported by current science."[346] It was signed into law in December 2022.
Disease control
In 2009, Paul was interviewed by conspiracy theorist
Paul has spread false claims about the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine and other vaccines,[351][352] once saying, "I've heard of many tragic cases of walking, talking, normal children who wound up with profound mental disorders after vaccines."[353] On February 3, he posted a photograph to Twitter of himself being vaccinated.[354]
In 2014, Paul argued that the Obama administration and the
At a Senate
In May 2021, during President Biden's push to convince more Americans to be vaccinated, Paul said he personally was choosing not to get the COVID vaccine, justifying his decision by saying that "I've already had the disease and I have natural immunity" and that "in a free country ... each individual would get to make the medical decision."[361] Paul later challenged Health and Human Services Secretary Xavier Becerra on the Biden administration's vaccine mandates by arguing that they are not needed for people who have been previously infected.[362]
At Senate hearings in May and July 2021, Paul debated Anthony Fauci on the origin of COVID-19, gaining media attention for his concerns about the risks of lab work.[363] In July 2021, Fauci responded to Paul's allegations and called him a liar.[364] In August 2021, Paul was suspended from YouTube for a week under the company's misinformation policy after he published a video with false claims that masks are not effective.[365][366][367] Paul also released a video of himself calling on people to "resist" public health measures to halt the spread of COVID-19.[368]
On August 11, 2021, Rand Paul disclosed that his wife Kelley Paul had purchased a stake in Gilead Sciences, which manufactures an antiviral drug used to treat COVID-19, on February 26, 2020.[369]
On October 10, 2023, Paul published Deception: The Great Covid Cover-Up with publisher Regnery Publishing.[370]
Health care
Paul supports repealing the Affordable Care Act[371] and opposes universal health care, having once equated it to slavery.[372] Paul says he instead favors expanding health savings accounts and providing a $5000 tax credit, allowing health insurance to be sold across state lines, and allowing individuals and small businesses to pool together to purchase insurance. His plan would provide a two-year window during which people with pre-existing conditions could not be denied coverage.[373][374][375]
Term limits
In November 2019, Paul signed a pledge to support a constitutional amendment to limit senators to two terms.[376] In 2022, he was elected for his third term in the U.S. Senate;[377] in announcing his run for reelection he said: "I am a fan of term limits. It would take a constitutional amendment, and the term limits would then be for everyone. But I'm not in favor of term limits for some and not others, so I'm not in favor of people self-imposing term limits. I'm a co-sponsor of the constitutional amendment, but I will run again in 2022."[378]
Economic issues
Paul supports a balanced budget amendment to the U.S. constitution which would require Congress to balance the budget annually.[379] He has introduced legislation called the Penny Plan which would reduce federal spending by 1% each year, seeking to balance the budget in 5 years.[380] Paul has opposed efforts to raise the debt ceiling without significant spending cuts.[381]
While running for president in 2016, Paul proposed the "Fair and Flat Tax" plan which he said would "repeal the entire IRS tax code ... and replace it with a low, broad-based tax of 14.5 [percent] on individuals and businesses".[382]
Paul has introduced legislation to audit the Federal Reserve, saying that "We must take a critical look at the Fed's monetary policy decisions, discount window operations, and a host of other things, with a real audit—and not just pay lip-service to the idea of an audit."[383]
Personal life
Paul is married to Kelley Paul (née Ashby), a freelance writer. They were married on October 20, 1990, and have three sons, William (born 1992), Duncan, and Robert. William and Duncan attended the
2017 assault
On November 3, 2017, Paul was assaulted by a neighbor, Rene Boucher (then aged 59), a retired
Boucher was arrested and charged with one count of fourth-degree assault and released on a $7,500 bond. Paul sustained five broken ribs, of which three were displaced fractures.[390][391] In August 2019, part of Paul's lung required removal as a result of the injuries he suffered during the attack.[392]
Boucher's attorney, Matthew Baker, described it as "a very regrettable dispute between two neighbors over a matter that most people would regard as trivial".[391][393] According to a memorandum filed by Baker the dispute was over Paul repeatedly leaving tree yard debris near his property line with his neighbor.[394] Rand Paul and his wife deny this; they claim that the "media" have "misrepresented" this "from the beginning" and that the attack was "politically motivated." They claim that Boucher had threatened Donald Trump earlier and that he was "a vocal hater" of Trump and the GOP.[395]
Boucher was originally charged in Kentucky state court,[396] but was later charged in federal court, where he ultimately pleaded guilty to assaulting a member of Congress.[397] The state-court charge was dismissed after Boucher pleaded guilty to the federal charge.[397] Boucher was initially sentenced to 30 days in prison, one year of probation, 100 hours of community service, and a $10,000 fine. The federal prosecutors had sought a 21-month term and appealed the lenient sentence.[397]
In September 2019, the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit vacated Boucher's sentence of 30 days, ruling it was unreasonably short, indicating "closer review" was in order, and the case was sent back to the lower court for resentencing.[398] An appeal to the Supreme Court was denied.[399] At his resentencing, Boucher received a prison term of eight months, plus another six months of home confinement, and was given credit for the 30 days he had previously served. Prosecutors felt the downward departure from their request for a 21-month sentence was too great, but the judge said Boucher's eight years in the military, being forced to sell his home to pay a $580,000 judgment assessed by the state court against him in the civil case brought by Paul, and his completed community service mitigated against any additional prison time. Boucher expressed his regrets and contrition for his attack.[400]
2020 COVID-19 diagnosis
Paul announced on March 22, 2020, that he had tested positive for COVID-19 amid the ongoing pandemic of the disease. He was the first member of the United States Senate to test positive.[401][402] Paul received bipartisan criticism from his Senate colleagues after it was discovered that he attended Senate lunches and used the Senate gym while awaiting his test results; he defended his actions because he had no symptoms of the illness and believed it was "highly unlikely" he was sick.[403] On April 7, 2020, Paul announced his recovery.[404]
2020 RNC confrontation
In August 2020, immediately following his attendance at the keynote speech delivered by President Donald Trump for the
Electoral history
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Rand Paul | 755,411 | 55.69% | +5.03% | |
Democratic | Jack Conway | 599,617 | 44.26% | -5.12% | |
Total votes | 1,354,833 | 100.0% | N/A | ||
Republican hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Rand Paul (incumbent) | 1,090,177 | 57.27% | +1.58% | |
Democratic | Jim Gray | 813,246 | 42.73% | -1.53% | |
Write-in | 42 | 0.00% | N/A | ||
Total votes | 1,903,465 | 100.0% | N/A | ||
Republican hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Rand Paul (incumbent) | 913,257 | 61.81% | +4.54% | |
Democratic | Charles Booker | 564,231 | 38.18% | -4.55% | |
Independent | Charles Lee Thomason | 110 | 0.01% | N/A | |
Independent | Billy Ray Wilson | 24 | 0.00% | N/A | |
Total votes | 1,477,622 | 100.0% | N/A | ||
Republican hold |
Primary elections
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Rand Paul | 206,986 | 58.8% | |
Republican | Trey Grayson | 124,864 | 35.4% | |
Republican | Bill Johnson | 7,861 | 2.2% | |
Republican | John Stephenson | 6,885 | 2.0% | |
Republican | Gurley L. Martin | 2,850 | 0.8% | |
Republican | Jon J. Scribner | 2,829 | 0.8% | |
Total votes | 352,275 | 100.0% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Donald Trump | 14,015,993 | 44.95% | |
Republican | Ted Cruz | 7,822,100 | 25.08% | |
Republican | John Kasich | 4,290,448 | 13.76% | |
Republican | Marco Rubio | 3,515,576 | 11.27% | |
Republican | Ben Carson | 857,039 | 2.75% | |
Republican | Jeb Bush | 286,694 | 0.92% | |
Republican | Rand Paul | 66,788 | 0.21% | |
Republican | Mike Huckabee | 51,450 | 0.16% | |
Republican | Carly Fiorina | 40,666 | 0.13% | |
Republican | Chris Christie | 57,637 | 0.18% | |
Republican | Jim Gilmore | 18,369 | 0.06% | |
Republican | Rick Santorum | 16,627 | 0.05% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Donald Trump | 1,441 | 58.3% | |
Republican | Ted Cruz | 551 | 22.3% | |
Republican | Marco Rubio | 173 | 7.0% | |
Republican | John Kasich | 161 | 6.5% | |
Republican | Ben Carson | 9 | 0.4% | |
Republican | Jeb Bush | 4 | 0.2% | |
Republican | Rand Paul | 1 | <0.1% | |
Republican | Mike Huckabee | 1 | <0.1% | |
Republican | Carly Fiorina | 1 | <0.1% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Rand Paul (incumbent) | 169,180 | 84.79% | |
Republican | James Gould | 16,611 | 8.33% | |
Republican | Stephen Slaughter | 13,728 | 6.88% | |
Total votes | 199,519 | 100.0% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Rand Paul (incumbent) | 333,051 | 86.4% | |
Republican | Valerie Frederick | 14,018 | 3.6% | |
Republican | Paul V. Hamilton | 13,473 | 3.5% | |
Republican | Arnold Blankenship | 10,092 | 2.6% | |
Republican | Tami Stanfield | 9,526 | 2.5% | |
Republican | John Schiess | 5,538 | 1.4% | |
Total votes | 385,698 | 100.0% |
Works
- Paul, Rand (2011). ISBN 978-1-4555-0286-8.
- Paul, Rand (2012). ISBN 978-1-4555-2276-7.
- Paul, Rand; Robison, James Randall (2015). Our Presidents & Their Prayers: Proclamations of Faith by America's Leaders. Center Street. ISBN 978-1-4555-3575-0.
- Paul, Rand (2015). ISBN 978-1-4555-4955-9.
- Paul, Rand (2019). The Case Against Socialism. Broadside Books. ISBN 978-0-06-295486-2.
- Paul, Rand (2023). Deception: The Great Covid Cover-Up. Regnery. ISBN 978-1-68451-514-1.
See also
- List of politicians affiliated with the Tea Party movement
- List of United States Congress members killed or wounded in office
- Physicians in the United States Congress
- Republican Party presidential candidates, 2016
References
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{{cite web}}
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Because Mr. Paul was wearing sound-muting earmuffs, he did not realize Mr. Boucher was coming, according to one of the Kentucky Republicans and a friend familiar with the altercation.
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Further reading
- Lizza, Ryan (October 2014). "The Revenge of Rand Paul". The New Yorker.
- "Rand's stand". The Economist. Vol. 415, no. 8933. April 11, 2015. p. 32.
External links
- Senator Rand Paul official U.S. Senate website
- Rand Paul for U.S. Senate campaign website
- Rand Paul at Curlie
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission
- Legislation sponsored at the Library of Congress
- Profile at Vote Smart