RWM
55°43′36.73″N 38°12′29.39″E / 55.7268694°N 38.2081639°E RWM is the
The frequencies are very close to those of WWV, and WWVH. Because of this, RWM is very difficult to receive in North America with simple receivers of low selectivity, due to interference from these said stations.
The mode of transmission is
RWM does not transmit the time of day, only standard time intervals.
Minute | Duration | Signal | |
---|---|---|---|
:00 | :30 | 07:55 | Unmodulated carrier |
:08 | :38 | 01:00 | Transmitter off |
:09 | :39 | 00:55 | Morse code station identification: "RWM RWM RWM..." |
:10 | :40 | 09:55 | 1 Hz pulses. Minute pulse 500 ms, others 100 ms, doubled with DUT1 code. |
:20 | :50 | 09:55 | 10 Hz pulses, 20 ms each. 40 ms on the second, 500 ms on the minute. |
The 1 Hz pulses begin on the second, and are doubled (a second pulse transmitted from 200–300 ms past the second) to encode DUT1 and dUT1. Using these values, UT1 may be computed as:
- UT1 = UTC + DUT1 × 0.1 s + dUT1 × 0.02 s
DUT1 may vary between −8 and +8. The number of double pulses sent during seconds 1–8 of each minute encode positive values; if DUT1 = +5, then pulses 1 through 5 will be doubled. Doubling pulses 9–16 encodes negative values similarly.
dUT1 varies from −4 to +4. Positive values are encoded by double pulses during seconds 21–24 of each minute. Negative values are encoded during seconds 31–34.[4]
The 10 Hz pulses are widened in a pattern similar to that of the Beta time signal: Most pulses are 20 ms, but ones sent on the second are 40 ms, and ones sent on the minute are 500 ms.[4]
See also
- Beta (time signal), a Russian navy time signal.
- TDF time signal
References
- ISBN 978-3-88180-665-7.
- ^ Standard Time and Frequency Signals (PDF), retrieved 2018-07-15 -- official signal specification, in russian.
- ^ "Recordings of the Russian Time Signal Station RWM, contains Station Identifier, 1 Hz Pulses and 10 Hz Pulses". YouTube. Retrieved 2024-04-06.
- ^ a b c Betke, Klaus (2007-05-19). "Standard Frequency and Time Signal Stations On Longwave and Shortwave" (PDF). p. 21. Retrieved 2011-09-22.