Savagnin
Savagnin | |
---|---|
Grape (Vitis) | |
Species | Vitis vinifera |
Also called | Traminer, Paien, Heida |
Origin | The Alps |
Notable regions | Jura, France |
Notable wines | Vin jaune, vin de paille |
VIVC number | 17636 |
Savagnin or Savagnin blanc is a variety of white
History
The history of Savagnin is complicated and not helped by its rather unstable
Frankisch in Austria, Heida and Païen in Switzerland, Furmint in Hungary and tramín bílý (brynšt) from Bohemia are all very similar to Savagnin blanc and probably represent clones of the Traminer family, if not Traminer itself. The Viognier of the Rhone Valley may be a more distant relative of Savagnin blanc.
At some point, either Traminer or Savagnin blanc mutated into a form with pink-skinned berries, called Red Traminer or Savagnin rose. Galet believed that a musqué ('muscat-like') mutation in the Red Traminer/Savagnin rose then led to the extra-aromatic Gewürztraminer, although in Germany these names are all regarded as synonymous.
Given that the wine made from 'Gewürztraminer' in Germany can be much less aromatic than that made in Alsace, some of the German vines may well be misidentified Savagnin rose. The Baden vineyard of Durbach claims its own type of Red Traminer called Durbacher Clevner (not to be confused with "Klevner", an Austrian synonym for
The Klevener de Heiligenstein or Heiligensteiner Klevener found around Heiligenstein in Alsace may represent an outpost of the Durbach vines.
The varieties Aubin blanc and the Champagne grape Petit Meslier may be the result of a cross between Gouais blanc and Savagnin blanc.
Distribution and wines
France
Savagnin blanc is mostly grown in the
It is also blended into
made from grapes left to dry on straw.The Gringet of Savoie has no link with Savagnin blanc.[5]
Germany
Durbach is home to some plantings of Red Traminer in Germany with potentially more plantings from misidentified Gewürztraminer that may actually be Red Traminer.[6]
Switzerland
Not surprisingly the
Australia
In 2009 it was first discovered that grape growers and wine makers in Australia have been supplying and selling Savagnin wrongly labelled for several years. They thought they were pouring money into the market for the Spanish
A visiting French expert raised questions in 2008, and DNA testing confirmed that the grapes are in fact Savagnin sourced from Spanish cuttings. The variety itself may have originated in Spain or France.
Vine and viticulture
Savagnin blanc is very late ripening, and may be picked as late as December. Like its cousin Gewürztraminer, it is a temperamental grape to grow, with low yields at the end of it.
Synonyms
As explained above, genetic instability means that the Traminer/Savagnin group should be regarded as a family of related clones rather than distinct varieties. These are the synonyms currently listed by Geilweilerhof for Savagnin blanc :
Auvernat blanc, Bon blanc, Forment, Formentin blanc, Fraentsch, Fromenteau, Gentil blanc, Gruenedel, Princ Bily, Printsch Grau, Ryvola Bila, Schleitheimer, Servoyen blanc, Traminer D'Ore, Traminer Weiss,[8] Traminac.
With the red mutant, the Geilweilerhof see no difference between it and Gewürztraminer - and some of the synonyms below may belong to the original green-skinned form.
Auvernas rouge, Blanc Brun, Blanc Court, Bon blanc, Christkindeltraube, Clevner, Crovena Ruzica, Dreimaenner, Dreimannen, Dreipfennigholz, Drumin, Duret rouge, Edeltraube, Fermentin rouge, Fleischweiner, Fourmenteau rouge, Frencher, Fromente, Fromenteau, Fuszeres, Gentil Rose Aromatique, Gentil-duret rouge, Gentile blanc, Gewuerztraminer, Gringet, Gris rouge, Haiden, Kirmizi Traminer, Klaebinger, Klaevner, Kleinbraun, Kleinwiener, Livora Cervena, Mala Dinka, Marzimmer, Mirisavi Traminac, Nature, Nature rose, Noble rose, Nuernberger Rot, Pinat Cervena, Piros Tramini, Plant Paien, Princ Cerveny, Princt Cervena, Ranfoliza, Rotclevner, Rotedel, Roter Nuernberger, Roter Traminer, Rotfranken, Rothklauser, Rothweiner, Rothwiener, Rotklaevler, Rotklaevner, Rotklevner, Rousselet, Rusa, Ruska, Ryvola, Salvagnin, Sauvagnin, Savagnin jaune, Savagnin Rosa Aromatique, Savagnin rose, St. Klauser, Termeno Aromatico, Tramin Cerveny, Tramin Korenny, Traminac Crveni, Traminac Diseci, Traminac Mirisavi, Traminer, Traminer Aromatico, Traminer Musque, Traminer Parfume, Traminer Rot, Traminer Rozovyi, Tramini Piros, Trammener.[8]
See also
- Vin jaune
- Savagnin Rose
References
- ^ winepros.com.au. Oxford Companion to Wine. "Savagnin". Archived from the original on 2008-08-20.
- ^ Scienza, A; Villa, P; Gianazza, E; Mattivi, F; Versini, G (18 May 1990). "La Caratterizzazione Genetica Del Traminer". Gewuerztraminer, Traminer Aromatico. Symposium in Bolzano, Italy. Retrieved 2007-08-28.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Viniflhor stats 2008: Les cepages blanc dans le vignoble. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
- ^ "Desert Wine .com Domain Names for Sale at Ozesurfer.com". desertwine.com.
- ^ BERTHOMEAU, JACQUES. "Le Gringet : un quasi-monopole savoyard de Dominique Belluard vigneron d'Ayze - Le blog de JACQUES BERTHOMEAU".
- ^ "Traminer". traminer.com. Archived from the original on 2001-03-01.
- ^ Office Cantonal De La Viticulture (July 2002). "La Collection De Cepages Et Porte-greffe Du Musee Valaisan De La Vigne Et Du Vin". Musee Valaisan De La Vigne Et Du Vin.
- ^ a b Maul, E.; Eibach, R. (June 1999). "Vitis International Variety Catalogue". Information and Coordination Centre for Biological Diversity (IBV) of the Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food (BLE), Deichmanns Aue 29, 53179 Bonn, Germany. Archived from the original on 2000-09-26. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
Further reading
- Robinson, Jancis, Vines, Grapes & Wines, Mitchell Beazley, 1986, ISBN 1-85732-999-6