Suwon: Difference between revisions
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'''Suwon''' ({{Korean|hangul={{linktext|수|원}}|hanja={{linktext|水|原}}|lit=Water source}}, {{IPA-ko|sʰu.wʌn|lang}}) is the capital and largest city of [[Gyeonggi-do]], [[South Korea]]'s most populous province. Suwon lies approximately {{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}} south of the national capital, [[Seoul]]. With a population close to 1¼ million, it has more residents than [[Ulsan Metropolitan City]],<ref name="Population" /><ref name="UlsanPopulation">{{cite web |url=https://www.ulsan.go.kr/u/english/contents.ulsan?mId=001001002005000000 |title=Administrative District & Population |lang=en |date=28 February 2023 |access-date=5 June 2023 |work=Ulsan Metropolitan City Council}}</ref> though it has a lesser degree of self-governance as a 'special case city'.<ref name="SpecialCaseKBS">{{cite news |url=https://world.kbs.co.kr/service/news_view.htm?lang=e&Seq_Code=166705 |title=PM: 4 Cities to be Given New Autonomous Status Hold Greater Responsibility |date=3 January 2022 |access-date=6 June 2023 |work=KBS World |lang=en}}</ref> |
'''Suwon''' ({{Korean|hangul={{linktext|수|원}}|hanja={{linktext|水|原}}|lit=Water source<ref name="LiteralMeaning">{{cite web |url=https://www.korea.net/Events/Performances/view?articleId=3895 |date=31 March 2010 |access-date=3 July 2023 |last1=Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, |last2=Korean Culture and Information Service |website=Korea.net}}</ref>}}, {{IPA-ko|sʰu.wʌn|lang}}) is the capital and largest city of [[Gyeonggi-do]], [[South Korea]]'s most populous province. Suwon lies approximately {{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}} south of the national capital, [[Seoul]]. With a population close to 1¼ million, it has more residents than [[Ulsan Metropolitan City]],<ref name="Population" /><ref name="UlsanPopulation">{{cite web |url=https://www.ulsan.go.kr/u/english/contents.ulsan?mId=001001002005000000 |title=Administrative District & Population |lang=en |date=28 February 2023 |access-date=5 June 2023 |work=Ulsan Metropolitan City Council}}</ref> though it has a lesser degree of self-governance as a 'special case city'.<ref name="SpecialCaseKBS">{{cite news |url=https://world.kbs.co.kr/service/news_view.htm?lang=e&Seq_Code=166705 |title=PM: 4 Cities to be Given New Autonomous Status Hold Greater Responsibility |date=3 January 2022 |access-date=6 June 2023 |work=KBS World |lang=en}}</ref> |
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Traditionally known as the 'City of Filial Piety',<ref name="Piety">{{cite news |url=https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20160501000222&mod=skb |title=Suwon invites visitors to city of heritage, festivities |newspaper=Korea Herald |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 April 2023 |lang=en}}</ref> today Suwon retains a variety of historical features. As a [[walled city]], it is a popular destination for day trippers from Seoul,<ref name="NightTourismInitiative">{{cite news |url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3016079 |title=Suwon celebrates its past while looking ahead |date=11 March 2016 |access-date=3 June 2023 |last=Park |first=Hyemi |newspaper=Korea Joongang Daily}}</ref> and these [[Hwaseong Fortress|city walls]] appear among the province's more popular sites. |
Traditionally known as the 'City of Filial Piety',<ref name="Piety">{{cite news |url=https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20160501000222&mod=skb |title=Suwon invites visitors to city of heritage, festivities |newspaper=Korea Herald |date=1 May 2016 |access-date=27 April 2023 |lang=en}}</ref> today Suwon retains a variety of historical features. As a [[walled city]], it is a popular destination for day trippers from Seoul,<ref name="NightTourismInitiative">{{cite news |url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3016079 |title=Suwon celebrates its past while looking ahead |date=11 March 2016 |access-date=3 June 2023 |last=Park |first=Hyemi |newspaper=Korea Joongang Daily}}</ref> and these [[Hwaseong Fortress|city walls]] appear among the province's more popular sites. |
Revision as of 13:22, 3 July 2023
Suwon
수원특례시
| |
---|---|
Specific city | |
Korean transcription(s) | |
• Hangul | 수원특례시 |
• Hanja | 水原特例市 |
• Revised Romanization | Suwon-teungnyesi |
• McCune–Reischauer | Suwŏn-t'ŭkrye-si |
Coordinates: 37°16′N 127°01′E / 37.267°N 127.017°E | |
Country | South Korea |
Area | Gyeonggi Province (Seoul Capital) |
Administrative divisions | 4 gu, 43 dong |
Government | |
• Type | Mayor-Council |
• Mayor | Lee Jae-jun (Democratic) |
• Council | Suwon City Council |
• Members of the Gyeonggi Provincial Council | List |
• Members of the National Assembly | List |
Area | |
• Total | 121.04 km2 (46.73 sq mi) |
Highest elevation | 582 m (1,909 ft) |
Population (27 April 2023) | |
• Total | 1,226,873[1] |
• Dialect | Gyeonggi |
Area code | +82-31-2xx |
Flower | Azalea[2] |
Tree | Pine[2] |
Bird | Egret[2] |
Website | Suwon City Council |
Suwon (
Traditionally known as the 'City of Filial Piety',
Suwon also plays an important economic role: Samsung Electronics, Korea's largest company by sales,[8] is based in the city. The company's research and development centre is in Yeongtong-gu, where its headquarters have also been located since 2016.[9] Samsung's presence in Suwon is clearly visible: the company is a partner of Sungkyunkwan University,[10] which has its Natural Sciences Campus in the city, and the company owns the four-time K League champions[11] and two-time Asian Super Cup winners[12][13] Suwon Samsung Bluewings.
Suwon is home to several universities, e.g.,
History
Suwon has historically gone by many names. In ancient tribal times, it was known as Mosu-guk (모수국), part of the
In 1592, during the Imjin wars, Commander Yi Gwang attempted to launch his army toward the capital city, Seoul (at the time named 'Hanseong').[18] The army was withdrawn, however, after news reached the commander that the city had already been sacked.[18] As the army grew to 50,000 men by accumulating several volunteer forces, Yi Gwang and the irregular commanders reconsidered their aim of reclaiming the capital, and led the combined forces north to Suwon.[18]
Relocation of the city centre, and construction of Hwaseong Fortress
In 1796, during the Joseon Dynasty, King Jeongjo relocated the city centre from the bottom of Hwasan (a hill in modern-day Hwasan-dong, Hwaseong City) to its current location to the east of Paldalsan.[19] To protect this new city, he instructed that Hwaseong Fortress be built, and this fortified wall encompassed the entire city.[20]
Hwaseong was originally built under the guidance of philosopher Jeong Yak-yong, and its construction was one of Korea's first examples of paid labour, corvée labour having been common previously.[21] Shortly after King Jeongjo's death in 1800, Hwaseong Seongyeok Uigwe (화성 성역 의궤; 華城城域儀軌) was published. This document—more precise that other such construction records from the time—exhaustively detailed the construction of the fortress.[22] Since Hwaseong was damaged severely during the Korean War, this meticulous record of its construction has proven invaluable during reconstruction efforts from 1964 to the present day.[20]
Though Suwon was once entirely encircled by the fortress, modern urban growth has seen the city spread out far beyond the walls.
Japanese occupation
It appears that a focal point in Suwon's resistance to Japanese occupation was Adams Memorial Hall, at 342 Suwoncheon-ro in Maehyang,dong, Paldal-gu (37°17′03″N 127°01′08″E / 37.28417°N 127.01889°E). Under Pastor William Noble, this 1923 building was constructed in Samil Middle School grounds with funding from a church in North Adams, Massachusetts, from the Suwon Jongno Church (830 Jeongjo-ro, Buksu-dong), and from local residents. Here, independence activists including Park Seon-tae and Lee Deuk-su met weekly to discuss their rebellion.[24]
-
Suwon Adams Memorial Hall
Korean War
When the
In the early days of the war, southern authorities feared left-leaning civilians, and many were killed. Eyewitness account from US intelligence officer Donald Nichols places Suwon as the location of a massacre of approximately 1,800 suspected Communist civilians by South Korean authorities on 28, 29, or 30 June 1950 (depending on source).[31][32][33]
On 16 December 1950, the Greek Expeditionary Force relocated from Busan to Suwon, attached to the US 1st Cavalry Division.[34] In late 1951, the United States Air Force's top fighter pilot Gabby Gabreski was placed in charge of Suwon Air Base, also known then as K-13.[26][35]
In total, Suwon changed hands four times during the war.
-
US attack aircraft in the Korean War
A memorial to the
Recent history
In 1949, Seoul left Gyeonggi-do,
On 1 January 1963, Suwon expanded greatly as Cheoncheon-ri, Daehwanggyo-ri, Gokbanjeong-ri, Gosaek-ri, Guun-ri, Gwonseon-ri, Hagwanggyo-ri, Imok-ri, Jangji-ri, Jeongja-ri, Jowon-ri, Maetan-ri, Omokcheon-ri, Pajang-ri, Pyeong-ri, Sanggwanggyo-ri, Songjuk-ri, Tap-ri, Woncheon-ri, and Yuljeon-ri were incorporated from Hwaseong-gun.[41] On 15 February 1983, further expansion saw Ha-ri and Iui-ri switch from Yongin to Suwon.[42] On 1 January 1987, Suwon expanded westwards as Geumgok-ri and Homaesil-ri were acquired from Maesong-myeon in Hwaseong.[43][44] Yeongtong-ri transferred from Hwaseong to Suwon on 26 December 1994 along with parts of Sin-ri and Mangpo-ri, and part of Yeongdeok-ri from Yongin.[45] The remainder of Sun-ri and Mangpo-ri joined Suwon on 20 April 1995.
On 9 May 2007, in preparation for the construction of the new town of Gwanggyo, there was a two-way exchange of land between Ha-dong in Suwon and neighbouring Sanghyeon-dong in Yongin.[46][47] A similar exchange on 13 September 2019 saw parcels of land switch sides between Woncheon-dong in Suwon, and Yongin's Yeongdeok-dong.[48][49] With further boundary changes on 24 July 2020, parts of Shin-dong and Mangpo-dong in Suwon and Banjeong-dong in Hwaseong were exchanged.[50]
Geography
Suwon lies in the north of the
Topography
There are several hills around Suwon, the highest of which is Gwanggyosan [582 m (1,909 ft)], to the north of the city, bordering Yongin.[52]
Water flow
Most of the streams passing through Suwon originate on Gwanggyosan or other nearby peaks to the north of the city. Since Suwon is bounded to the west by Chilbosan and to the east by other hills, the streams, chiefly the Suwoncheon and Seohocheon, flow southwards through the city, joining the Hwanggujicheon, and eventually emptying into the Yellow Sea at Asan Bay. The entirety of Suwon is drained in this manner.[53]
Lakes
There are few natural lakes on
Geology
Suwon is primarily composed of Precambrian metamorphic rock, and has amphibolites that intrude through these, and also granites from the Mesozoic Era.[55]
Precambrian gneiss
Biotite gneiss (Precambrian biotite gneiss, PCEbgn) is found in northern Suwon, specifically Pajang-dong, Gwanggyo-dong, Woncheon-dong, and Maetan-dong. Visible rocks here are composed of quartz, feldspar, biotite, amphibole, and muscovite; and are generally dark gray or dark green. Mesozoic biotite granite intrudes through these.[55]
Precambrian quartzo-feldspathic gneiss (PCEqgn) is distributed in some mountainous areas in Hagwanggyo-dong and Sanggwanggyo-dong in northern Suwon. This gneiss has undergone silicification most predominantly, and is mainly composed of quartz, feldspar, biotite, and muscovite. It is grey, dark grey, grey-brown, and white.[55]
Mesozoic intrusive rocks
Biotite granite (Jbgr) from the Jurassic period of the Mesozoic Era constitutes most of Suwon, and is centred on Paldalsan. It is a form of Daebo granite, and is distributed through Homaesil-dong, Geumgok-dong, Dangsu-dong, Seryu-dong, Seodun-dong, Gwonseon-dong, and other areas. The main constituent minerals are quartz, plagioclase, orthotic, biotite, and amphibole.[55]
Fault
Suwon's single fault splits from the Singal Fault in Iui-dong, Yeongtong-gu, creating the Woncheonri Stream, and follows this stream to Ha-dong, Woncheon-dong, and Maetan-dong. It joins the Hwangguji Stream in Annyeong-dong, Hwaseong City. This is a 20 km-long vertical fault running SSW, eventually to the Yellow Sea. In Suwon, biotite gneiss and biotite granite are brought into contact by this fault.[55]
Climate
Suwon has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dwa), but can be considered a borderline humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cwa) using the −3 °C (27 °F) isotherm.
Climate data for Suwon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1964–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 15.3 (59.5) |
19.3 (66.7) |
25.0 (77.0) |
30.5 (86.9) |
33.2 (91.8) |
34.0 (93.2) |
37.5 (99.5) |
39.3 (102.7) |
33.7 (92.7) |
29.0 (84.2) |
25.8 (78.4) |
17.8 (64.0) |
39.3 (102.7) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
5.6 (42.1) |
11.3 (52.3) |
18.2 (64.8) |
23.6 (74.5) |
27.5 (81.5) |
29.3 (84.7) |
30.3 (86.5) |
26.4 (79.5) |
20.4 (68.7) |
12.5 (54.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
17.7 (63.9) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.1 (28.2) |
0.3 (32.5) |
5.7 (42.3) |
12.0 (53.6) |
17.6 (63.7) |
22.2 (72.0) |
25.3 (77.5) |
26.0 (78.8) |
21.4 (70.5) |
14.6 (58.3) |
7.2 (45.0) |
0.1 (32.2) |
12.5 (54.5) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.6 (20.1) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
0.6 (33.1) |
6.4 (43.5) |
12.3 (54.1) |
17.9 (64.2) |
22.1 (71.8) |
22.7 (72.9) |
17.1 (62.8) |
9.4 (48.9) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
8.0 (46.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | −24.8 (−12.6) |
−25.8 (−14.4) |
−11.3 (11.7) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
2.3 (36.1) |
7.8 (46.0) |
13.2 (55.8) |
13.0 (55.4) |
3.6 (38.5) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−24.4 (−11.9) |
−25.8 (−14.4) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 18.1 (0.71) |
28.3 (1.11) |
40.7 (1.60) |
71.6 (2.82) |
95.0 (3.74) |
122.9 (4.84) |
385.1 (15.16) |
296.3 (11.67) |
133.5 (5.26) |
54.1 (2.13) |
48.9 (1.93) |
25.8 (1.02) |
1,320.3 (51.98) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 6.7 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 8.6 | 9.6 | 15.4 | 14.0 | 8.6 | 6.1 | 9.0 | 8.3 | 107.5 |
Average snowy days | 6.9 | 5.3 | 2.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 6.8 | 23.1 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
63.0 | 61.9 | 62.2 | 62.1 | 66.1 | 71.4 | 79.9 | 77.6 | 73.2 | 69.8 | 67.9 | 64.4 | 68.3 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 174.3 | 178.7 | 205.7 | 214.5 | 229.7 | 195.0 | 138.2 | 168.7 | 184.6 | 208.9 | 162.5 | 166.2 | 2,227 |
Percent possible sunshine | 54.0 | 56.2 | 53.4 | 54.6 | 50.4 | 42.8 | 30.5 | 39.5 | 48.8 | 57.4 | 51.6 | 53.4 | 48.6 |
Source: Korea Meteorological Administration (percent sunshine 1981–2010)[56][57][58][59][60] |
Administrative divisions
The city is composed of four
There are several new "towns" in Suwon, such as Homaesil and Gwanggyo. The latter is perhaps the most notable of these: the first stage of construction of this large residential area in eastern Suwon was completed in 2011.[62] Gwanggyo is in Yeongtong-gu, which has Gyeonggi-do's seventh most expensive housing.[63]
-
Districts of Suwon
Demography
Suwon is 50.3% male (49.7% female), and 2.82% foreign. On average, there are 2.31 residents per household. Further details for each district are shown below.[1]
Total people | Korean males | Korean females | Korean (total) | Foreign males | Foreign females | Foreign (total) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Suwon (total) | 1,226,873[1] | 600,239 | 591,986 | 1,192,225 | 17,211 | 17,437 | 34,648 |
Gwonseon-gu | 376,541 | 185,722 | 181,896 | 367,618 | 4,307 | 4,616 | 8,923 |
Jangan-gu
|
275,983 | 135,528 | 133,875 | 269,403 | 3,263 | 3,317 | 6,580 |
Paldal-gu | 204,560 | 97,354 | 96,009 | 193,363 | 5,750 | 5,447 | 11,197 |
Yeongtong-gu | 369,789 | 181,635 | 180,206 | 361,841 | 3,891 | 4,057 | 7,948 |
Religion
Suwon has churches from a variety of Christian denominations, and a range of Buddhist temples.
The Catholic
.The former president of the Baptist World Alliance, Kim Janghwan (Billy Kim), was born in Suwon,[66] where he founded the Central Baptist Church.[67]
Mireukdang
Crime
The following table tallies crimes in Suwon reported in 2021.[68]
Category | Crime | Number |
---|---|---|
Property crime | Theft | 4,202 |
Possession of stolen property | 8 | |
Fraud | 6,183 | |
Embezzlement | 1,277 | |
Breach of trust | 70 | |
Destruction | 1,510 | |
Violent crime (serious) | Murder | 16 |
Robbery | 7 | |
Arson | 28 | |
Sexual assault | 934 | |
Violent crime (lesser) | Violence | 2,988 |
Injury | 429 | |
Intimidation | 540 | |
Extortion | 159 | |
Kidnapping, abduction | 4 | |
False arrest, confinement | 33 | |
Violation of The Punishment of Violence, Etc. Act (e.g., burglary) | 29 | |
Violation of The Punishment of Violences, Etc. Act (e g., Formation of illegal organizations, and such activities) | 0 | |
Forgery | Currency | 7 |
Valuable securities, revenue stamp, postage | 2 | |
Documents | 228 | |
Seal | 11 | |
Public official crime | Abandonment of duties | 18 |
Abuse of authority | 30 | |
Receiving bribes | 2 | |
Giving bribes | 0 | |
Crime against morality | Gambling, lotteries | 1,342 |
Deceased person | 1 | |
Other obscene acts | 79 | |
Negligence | Inflicting bodily injury or death through negligence | 52 |
Inflicting bodily injury or death through occupational negligence | 47 | |
Fire caused by negligence | 57 | |
Misc. | Defamation | 759 |
Obstruction of rights | 134 | |
Credit business, auction | 438 | |
Trespass | 439 | |
Violation of secrecy | 4 | |
Abandonment | 5 | |
Traffic obstruction | 10 | |
Obstruction of official duties | 186 | |
Escape, harbouring criminals | 4 | |
Perjury, destruction, and concealment of evidence | 83 | |
False accusation | 108 | |
Breach of the peace | 4 | |
Insurrection | 0 | |
Drinking water crimes | 0 | |
Water use crimes | 0 |
Education
Colleges and universities
There are several
-
Sungkyunkwan University library
Schools
There are 44 high schools, 57 middle schools, 100 primary schools, and 180 kindergartens in Suwon.[70]
Gwonseon-gu | Jangan-gu | Paldal-gu | Yeongtong-gu | Total | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kindergarten | Public (dedicated k'gtn) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 11 |
Public (in elem. sch.) | 32 | 19 | 11 | 23 | 85 | |
Private | 29 | 21 | 10 | 24 | 84 | |
Elementary school | Public | 33 | 22 | 15 | 28 | 98 |
Private | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
Middle School | Public | 13 | 13 | 5 | 20 | 51 |
Private | 1 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 6 | |
High School | Public | 7 | 9 | 3 | 12 | 31 |
Private | 2 | 3 | 8 | 0 | 13 |
Suwon has three schools dedicated to special education: Jahye School (47 Subong-ro, in Tap-dong, Gwonseon-gu),[71] Suwon Seokwang School (517 Jangan-ro, in Imok-dong, Jangan-gu),[72] and Areum School (32 Gwanggyo-ro, in Iui-dong, Yeongtong-gu).[73] Special education is also provided in some regular schools, e.g., Suwonbuk Middle School.[74]
There is also a centre for lifelong learning at Kyemyung High School (88 Jangan-ro 496 beon-gil in Imok-dong, Jangan-gu).
International schools
There are also two international schools in Suwon: Gyeonggi Suwon International School and Suwon Chinese International School (Korean: 수원화교중정소학교; Hanja: 水原華僑中正小學)[75]
Environment
Throughout South Korea, water management is a challenge.[76] Suwon is 11% self-sufficient in its use of water, and plans to increase this to 50% through rainwater harvesting, including building retention facilities; and by treating and reusing sewage.[77]
Air pollution in Suwon appears to be from a range of industrial and other sources, with origins of coarse particulate matter (PM10) shown in the pie chart.[78]
Industry
The main industrial employer in Suwon is Samsung. Samsung Electronics was founded in Suwon in 1969, and its headquarters are now located with its large R&D complex in central Suwon. The company is the largest employer in Suwon. Samsung's long-standing relationship with the city is seen in its sponsorship of various local sports teams, including Suwon Samsung Bluewings Football Club, and two of the oldest domestic basketball teams in Samsung Thunders and Samsung Life Blueminx, both of which have since moved out of Suwon.[79][80][81][82]
Other major companies in Suwon include
.Landmarks
Hwaseong Fortress
Hwaseong Fortress, built under the orders of King Jeongjo in 1796, is Suwon's most notable attraction, and is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The entire city used to be encircled by the fortress walls, but Suwon has long since expanded far beyond this boundary. There are four main gates in the walls, and Haenggung Palace in the centre of the fortress.
-
Hwaseomun (West Gate)
-
Seojangdae
-
Banghwasuryujeong
-
Paldalmun (South Gate)
Hyanggyo
Suwon Hyanggyo (
Originally built in 1291
Hyanggyo is open to the public on weekdays from 9 a.m. till 5 p.m. It is closed at weekends.[86]
-
Oesam Gate
-
Myeongnyundang (front)
-
Myeongnyundang (rear)
-
Daeseongjeon
Bugugwon
Bugugwon (Korean: 부국원; Hanja: 富國園), also known as Suwon Gu Bugugwon, built prior to 1923, is a cultural centre at 130 Hyanggyo-ro in Gyo-dong, Paldal-gu (37°16′21″N 127°0′52″E / 37.27250°N 127.01444°E). There is no record of the 85.95 m2 building's construction, but exterior photographs were published in 1923, When Korea was a Japanese colony, the building was the headquarters of Bugukwon Co., Ltd., which sold agricultural products such as fertilizers. After liberation, from 1952 to 1956, it temporarily housed the Suwon Court and the Public Prosecutor's Office. From 1957 to 1960, it was used as the Suwon City Education Support Office, and in 1974 the Republican Party used it as their Gyeonggi-do base. In 1979 the Suwon Arts Foundation was based here, and in 1981 it became an internal medicine clinic.[87] Since 2018, it has been a public cultural space.[88]
-
Bugugwon
Culture and contemporary life
Housing
As is typical of urban South Korea, Suwon has many apartment complexes. while some areas have more jutaek (houses, often split into several units). While some areas are more affordable, Yeongtong-gu's housing is the seventh most expensive in the province.[63]
-
SK Skyview Apartments, Jeongja-dong
Food
Suwon is known for Suwon galbi, a variation on beef short ribs enjoyed throughout Korea. The city also has a wide variety of restaurants serving Korean and international cuisine.
Sports
Suwon's sports facilities include
Football
Suwon World Cup Stadium was built for the 2002 FIFA World Cup,[89] and is home to the K League 1 team Suwon Samsung Bluewings. Another K League 1 team, Suwon FC, and a WK League team, Suwon FC Women, play at the Suwon Sports Complex.
Baseball
Since 2013, Suwon has been home to KT Wiz. The team played at Sungkyunkwan University till Suwon Baseball Stadium remodelling was completed in time for their elevation to the KBO League in 2015.[90] The city was previously the home of the Hyundai Unicorns, but this team folded after the 2007 season.[91]
-
KT Wiz Stadium
Indoor sports
Suwon Gymnasium hosted the handball events in the 1988 Summer Olympics, and handball and table tennis matches at the 2014 Asian Games.[92] It has a capacity of 5,145, and has hosted basketball and volleyball matches.
-
Suwon Gymnasium
Basketball
Two of the Korean Basketball League and Women's Korean Basketball League's oldest teams, Samsung Thunders and Samsung Life Blueminx, respectively, used to be based in Suwon. Samsung Thunders relocated to Jamsil Arena in Seoul in 2001,[79][80] while four years later, Samsung Life moved to Yongin.[81][82] Top-flight men's basketball returned to Suwon in 2021, when KT Sonicboom relocated to the renamed Suwon KT Sonicboom Arena (formerly Seosuwon Chilbo Gymnasium) from Busan.[93]
Volleyball
Suwon is home to the men's and women's volleyball teams
Museums
Suwon has two national museums and a number of smaller institutions.
The National Map Museum of Korea is at 92 Worldcup-ro in Woncheon-dong, Yeongtong-gu (37°16′34″N 127°3′19″E / 37.27611°N 127.05528°E). It houses a collection of 33,598 maps. Admission is free, and the museum opens daily from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.[94]
The National Agricultural Museum of Korea opened by Seoho Lake in December 2022.[95] Located at 154 Suin-ro in Seodun-dong, Gwonseon-gu (37°16′34″N 126°59′0″E / 37.27611°N 126.98333°E), admission is free, and the museum is open daily from 10 a.m. till 6 p.m.[96]
Suwon Hwaseong Museum, at 21 Changryong-daero in Maehyang-dong, Paldal-gu (37°16′57″N 127°1′8″E / 37.28250°N 127.01889°E), features exhibits contextualising and explaining the construction of Hwaseong.[97]
Mr. Toilet House is a toilet museum built in 2007 at 463 Jangan-ro in Imok-dong, Jangan-gu (37°19′9″N 126°58′41″E / 37.31917°N 126.97806°E).[98] Ownership was transferred to the city council in 2009.[99]
Libraries
Suwon Central Library opened at 318 Paldalsan-ro, Gyo-dong, Paldal-gu, in 1980.[100][101] Today the city has 27 public libraries—seven in Gwonseon-gu, five in Jangan-gu, six in Paldal-gu, and nine in Yeongtong-gu[100]—and plans to build another in Imok-dong.[102]
Parks and gardens
Irwol Arboretum (일월 수목원, 37°17′22″N 126°58′33″E / 37.28944°N 126.97583°E) and Yeongheung Arboretum (영흥 수목원, 37°15′49″N 127°4′16″E / 37.26361°N 127.07111°E) opened on 19 May 2023 beside Irwol Reservoir and Yeongheung Park respectively.[103][104] The 10.15-hectare (25.1-acre) Irwol Arboretum features 429,000 plants of 52,000 species, while Yeongheung Arboretum hosts 118,000 plants of 42,000 species over 14.6 hectares (36 acres).[104] There are also many parks scattered through the city, some of which, e.g., Gwanggyo Lake Park, Seoho Park, Irwol Park, and Manseok Park, contain sizeable lakes. Some parks target outdoor activities; for example, Manseok Park has facilities such as tennis courts (indoor & outdoor), soccer pitches (dirt and artificial turf), and the Suwon X-Games skatepark. Others, e.g., Gwanggyo History Park, have a more traditional focus.
-
Manseok Park
-
Tomb of Simon (심온), Gwanggyo History Park
Media
Newspapers based in Suwon include the Kyeonggi Daily (경기일보), based in
. These publish exclusively in Korean.Cinemas
Suwon has several major
Retail
There are several major shopping centres across Suwon, e.g., AK Plaza and Lotte Mall at
-
Avenue France
Public toilets
Suwon City Council prides itself on the condition of its
Transport
Rail
Suwon is a regional transportation hub, with
-
Suwon Station
Metro
Suwon is served by three lines (14 stations) on the Seoul Metro.
- Line 1
- Sungkyunkwan University (성균관대)
- Hwaseo (화서)
- Suwon(수원)
- Seryu(세류)
- Shinbundang Line
- Gwanggyo Jungang(광교중앙)
- Gwanggyo (광교)
- Suin-Bundang Line
- Cheongmyeong (청명)
- Yeongtong (영통)
- Mangpo (망포)
- Maetan-Gwonseon(매탄권성)
- Suwon City Hall (수원시청)
- Maegyo (매교)
- Suwon(수원)
- Gosaek (고색)
- Omokcheon (오목천)
Construction on an extension of the Sinbundang Line to Homaesil is scheduled to begin in 2024.[110] Another planned line—the Dongtan–Indeogwon Line—should create several new stations in Suwon, but this has been delayed, promoting affected cities to call for urgent action.[111]
Bus
There are two inter-city bus terminals in Suwon with connections to many cities nationwide: Suwon Bus Terminal near Seryu Station, and West Suwon Bus Terminal near Sungkyunkwan University. Suwon is connected to Seoul and other nearby cities by city and express buses with departure points across the city.
In 2017, Suwon Station Transfer Center opened to the west of the
-
Gwanggyo Jungang Underground Transfer Centre
Road
The Yeongdong Expressway (50) passes through Suwon, with two exits within the city limits: North Suwon and East Suwon. The Gwanggyo Sanghyeon exit on the Yongin–Seoul Expressway (171) is on Suwon's border with Yongin, and the Pyeongtaek–Paju Expressway (17) also has an exit in Suwon (Geumgok). Nearby Homaesil is one of Suwon's more notorious bottlenecks.[115] Despite its name, the Suwon exit of the Gyeongbu Expressway (1) lies in Singal in neighbouring Yongin.
Bicycles
Suwon was the first place in Korea to introduce dockless shared bicycles for hire.[116] Traversing Suwon by regular bicycle is also relatively easy as there are numerous bike paths beside the streams that cut through the city.
Car-free zones
In 2013, the city hosted the
Military
Suwon Air Base in Jangji-dong, Gwonseon-gu was used by the United States Air Force during the Korean War, when it was the scene of the conflict's first aerial combat. Today the base is under Republic of Korea Air Force jurisdiction, though it is still managed and maintained by the US military.[119]
Fauna
Suwon's wildlife is similar to that of most of
Mammals
Mammals living on
Birds
A variety of birds inhabit Suwon. For example, Irwol Lake is home to
Notable people
Notable people from Suwon include:
Deceased
List in chronological order of birth
- Lee Go (이고; 李皐, 1341–1420, Goryeo subject opposed to Joseon)[130]
- Kim Jullyong (김준룡; 金俊龍, 1586–1642, military general, defeated Qing soldiers at Gwanggyosan)[130]
- Choi Rubaek (최루백, pious son)[130]
- Woo Hayeong (우하영, 1741–1812, Silhak scholar, agricultural pioneer)[130]
- Lim Myeonsu (임면수; 林勉洙, 13 June 1874–29 November 1930, independence activist)[130]
- Kim Sehwan (김세환; 金世煥, 1889–1945, educator, independence activist)[130]
- Kim Hyanghwa (김향화; 金香花, 1897–?, gisaeng, independence activist)[132][130]
- Park Seontae (박선태; 朴善泰, 1901–1938, independence activist)[130]
- Lee Seongyeong (이선경; 李善卿, 1902–1921, independence activist)[130]
- Kim Jangseong (김장성; 金長星, 7 February 1913–9 March 1932, independence activist)[130]
- Hong Jongcheol (홍종철; 洪鐘哲, 26 March 1920–22 July 1989, independence activist)[130]
Living
List in alphabetical order by surname
- Han-na Chang (장한나; 張漢娜, 23 December 1982–, conductor, cellist)[133][134]
- Chung Hyeon (정현; 鄭泫, 19 May 1996–, tennis player)[135][136]
- Im Chang-kyun (임창균; 任創均, stage name I.M, 26 January 1996–, rapper, singer, songwriter)
- Jeon Ji-yoon (전지윤; 田祉潤, 15 October 1990–, rapper, singer, songwriter, actor)[137]
- Stella Hanbyul Jeung (정한별, opera singer)[138]
- Jo Kwon (조권; 趙權, 28 August 1989–, singer, actor, presenter)
- Joo Won (문준원; 文晙原; Mun Junwon, stage name Joo Won, 30 September 1987–, actor)
- Kim Dong-hyun (김동현; 金東炫, 17 November 1981–, MMA fighter)[139][140]
- Kim Jang-hwan (김장환, known as Billy Kim, 25 July 1934–, pastor, former President of the Baptist World Alliance, President of the Far East Broadcasting Company)[66]
- Kim Myung-jun (김명준; 金明俊, stage name MJ, 5 March 1994–, singer, actor, model)
- Kim Yugwon (김유권; 金有權, stage name U-Kwon, 9 April 1992–, singer)[141]
- Lee Chang-sub (이창섭; 李昌燮, 26 February 1991–, singer)
- Lee Dong-hun (이동훈, 28 February 1993–, singer, A.C.E)
- Lee Jin-ki (이진기; 李珍基, stage name Onew, 14 December 1989–, singer, songwriter, actor, presenter)[142]
- Lee Jong-suk (이종석; 李鐘奭, 14 September 1989–, actor, model)[143]
- Lee Ju-eun (이주은; 李宙恩, 7 June 1995–, singer, actor)
- Oh Kyo-moon (오교문; 吳教文, 2 March 1972–, archer)[144]
- Sam Oh (오상미; O Sangmi, 15 January 1980–, presenter, columnist)[145]
- Park Hae-soo (박해수; 朴海秀, 21 November 1981–, actor)[146][147]
- Park Ji-sung (박지성; 朴智星, 30 March 1981–, footballer) Park was born in Seoul but raised in Suwon. In 2005, a city street was renamed after him.[148]
- Ryu Jun-yeol (류준열; 柳俊烈, 25 September 1986–, actor)[149][150]
- Seol Yoeun (설요은, 2012–, violinist)[151]
- Shin Dong-hee (신동희; 申東熙, stage name Shindong, 28 September 1985–, rapper, singer, dancer, presenter, video director)[152]
- Song Kang (송강; 宋江, 23 April 1994–, actor)[153]
- Yoo Hyun-young (유현영, 6 September 1976–, actor)
- Yoo Jeong-yeon (유전연; 俞定延, 1 November 1996–, singer)[154]
- Yoon Bo-mi (윤보미; 尹普美, 13 August 1993–, singer, actor)[155][156]
- Yun Hanheum (윤한흠, 1923–, actor) [157]
Twin towns and sister cities
- Asahikawa, Japan (1989)
- Jinan, China (1993)
- Townsville, Australia (1997)
- Bandung, Indonesia (1997)
- Yalova, Turkey (1999)
- Cluj-Napoca, Romania (1999)
- Toluca, Mexico (1999)
- Fez, Morocco (2003)
- Hải Dương Province, Vietnam (2004)
- Siem Reap Province, Cambodia (2004)
- Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (2005)
- Curitiba, Brazil (2006)
- Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (2015)
See also
- List of cities in South Korea
- Geography of South Korea
- Seoul National Capital Area
Notes
References
Citations
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- ^ Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism,; Korean Culture and Information Service (31 March 2010). Korea.net https://www.korea.net/Events/Performances/view?articleId=3895. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
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{{cite journal}}
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External links
- Suwon City Council (in Korean)
- Suwon F.C (in Korean)
- Suwon Samsung Bluewings (in Korean)
- KT Wiz (in Korean)