Stepan Petrichenko

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In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Maximovich and the family name is Petrichenko.
Stepan Petrichenko
Степан Петриченко
Soviet Republic of Soldiers and Fortress-Builders of Naissaar
In office
December 1917 – February 26, 1918
Personal details
Born
Stepan Maximovich Petrichenko

1892
Naissaar
 RSFSR
Kronstadt rebels Kronstadt
 Soviet Union
Years of serviceRussian Empire 1913–1917
Soviet Republic of Sailors and Builders 1917–1918
RSFSR 1918–1921
Kronstadt rebels 1921
USSR 1922–1941
Battles/wars
Sailors of the Petropavlovsk in Helsinki, before the Finnish Civil War (Summer 1917); Flag calls for "death to the bourgeoisie".

Stepan Maximovich Petrichenko (Russian: Степа́н Макси́мович Петриче́нко; 1892 – June 2, 1947) was a Russian

Kronstadt Commune, and the leader of the revolutionary committee which led the Kronstadt rebellion
of 1921.

Life

Early years

Stepan Maximovich Petrichenko was born in 1892 in the village of Nikitenka in the

Alexandrovsk (Yekaterinoslav Governorate
), where Stepan graduated from city school and joined the local ironworks as a metalworker. In 1913 Petrichenko was called up for military service with the Russian navy, where he was assigned to the Russian battleship Petropavlovsk, part of the Baltic Fleet.[1]

Soviet republic of sailors and builders

Main article:
Soviet Republic of Soldiers and Fortress-Builders of Naissaar

During the 1917

Soviet Russia.[2]

Kronstadt rebellion

Main article: Kronstadt rebellion

After the rebellion was exterminated by

Trotsky, he fled over the ice to Finland, where he continued his agitation against the Bolsheviks.[3] Petrichenko had attempted to join the White Army but was turned away due to his previous Bolshevik membership.[4]

Emigrant

Petrichenko remained in exile in Finland for almost 25 years,[5] where his regard from fellow rebels remained high.[6]

He blocked further emigration to Helsinki, instead sending Kronstadt "volunteers" to

General Wrangel, and refuse inclusion in the White Army. When an amnesty was declared for the ordinary participants in the uprising, by the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Petrichenko did not put obstacles in the way of those who wanted to return to their homeland and decided to ask for permission to return himself. Soon, the police chief of Vyborg received a denunciation of the "vile plot" of Petrichenko, as a result of which, on May 21, 1922, he was arrested and spent several months in prison.[1]

Agent

In 1922, Petrichenko went to

USSR. Returning to Finland, he got a job at a pulp mill in Kemi, where he worked until 1931. He was eventually fired from the factory and moved to live in Helsinki. In 1937, he announced his refusal to cooperate with Soviet intelligence, but then again agreed to continue working with them. He stayed in Finland for years, until he came into conflict with the Finnish government over his support of Soviet groups during the Winter War between the Soviet Union and Finland in 1940. In 1941, Petrichenko was arrested by the Finnish authorities.[8]

Arrest and death

On September 25, 1944, on the basis of an armistice agreement between the USSR, Great Britain and Finland, Petrichenko was released, and on April 21, 1945, he was again arrested and sent to the USSR, as part of a group of persons known as the "Prisoners of Leino [ru; fi]", a list of political enemies and alleged military collaborators compiled by Soviet members of Allied Commission.[9] The investigation into Petrichenko was transferred from the police to the NKVD where it was examined without the presence of the prosecution or the defense. The verdict passed on November 17, 1945, read:[1]

Petrichenko, Stepan Maximovich, for participation in a counter-revolutionary terrorist organization and belonging to Finnish intelligence, is to be imprisoned in a forced labor camp for a period of 10 years, counting the period from April 24, 1945.

Stepan Petrichenko died on June 2, 1947, during his transfer from the Solikamsk labor camp to the Vladimir Central Prison.

Work

  • Petrichenko, Stepan (1921). Pravda o kronshtadtskikh sobytiiakh. (Russian: Правда о кронштадтских событиях) (bibrec); English: The truth about the Kronstadt events

References

  1. ^ a b c d Prokhorov D. "The tragedy of the Kronstadt "rebel"" (in Russian). Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2008.
  2. ^ "Naissaar. Republic of Soviets". Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved January 15, 2020.
  3. ^ "Events in Kronstadt". Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved January 15, 2020.
  4. ISBN 978-1-4008-5908-5
    .
  5. ^ Avrich 1970, p. 217.
  6. ^ Avrich 1970, p. 216.
  7. ^ M. Hosta, O. Lapchinsky, S. Kosher SPY DEATH
  8. ^ The beginning of 1940 (in Finnish).
  9. ^ Björkelund B.V. Travel to the land of all kinds of impossibilities / Prep. text for publication, scientific. ed., entry Art. and comm. S. A. Mankova. – SPb .: International Association of "Russian Culture", 2014.

External links

Bibliography

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