The Spectator
OCLC 1766325 | |
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Conservatism in the United Kingdom |
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The Spectator is a weekly British
Editorship of the magazine has often been a step on the ladder to high office in the
The Spectator Australia offers 12 pages on Australian politics and affairs as well as the full UK magazine and has a website that reprints most articles and has an opinion column. This Australian edition has been printed and published simultaneously since 2008; in 2021, it had an average circulation of 9,828.[7] Spectator US was launched as a website in early 2018. A monthly US print version debuted in October 2019.[8][9]
In 2020, The Spectator became the longest-lived current affairs magazine in history,[10] and was also the first magazine ever to publish 10,000 issues.[11] Until June 2023, it was owned by Frederick Barclay, who also owned The Daily Telegraph newspaper, via Press Holdings. Telegraph Media Group Limited was put up for sale after its parent company B.UK, a Bermuda-based holding company, went into receivership. Howard and Aidan Barclay were removed as directors.[12]
History
Robert Stephen Rintoul
The Spectator's founder, Scottish reformer
The Spectator's political outlook in its first thirty years reflected Rintoul's liberal-radical agenda.[18] Despite its political stance, it was widely regarded and respected for its non-partisanship, in both its political and cultural criticism. Rintoul initially advertised his new title as a "family paper", the euphemistic term for a journal free from strong political rhetoric. However, events soon compelled him to confess that it was no longer possible to be "a mere Spectator". Two years into its existence, The Spectator came out strongly for wide-reaching parliamentary reform: it produced supplements detailing vested interests in the Commons and Lords, coined the well-known phrase "The Bill, the whole Bill and nothing but the Bill", and helped drive through the Great Reform Act of 1832. Virulently anti-Tory in its politics, The Spectator strongly objected to the appointment of the Duke of Wellington as prime minister, condemning him as "a Field Marshal whose political career proves him to be utterly destitute of political principle – whose military career affords ample evidence of his stern and remorseless temperament."[19]
The paper spent its first century at premises on Wellington Street (now Lancaster Place). Despite its robust criticism of the Conservative Party leader Robert Peel for several years, The Spectator rallied behind him when he split the Tory party by successfully repealing the Corn Laws. Rintoul's fundamental principles were freedom of the individual, freedom of the press and freedom of trade, of religious tolerance and freedom from blind political adherence. The magazine was vocal in its opposition to the First Opium War (1839–1842), commenting that "all the alleged aims of the expedition against China are vague, illimitable, and incapable of explanation, save only that of making the Chinese pay the opium-smugglers."[20] The magazine further wrote: "There does not appear to be much glory gained in a contest so unequal that hundreds are killed on one side and none on the other. What honour is there in going to shoot men, certain that they cannot hurt you? The cause of the war, be it remembered, is as disreputable as the strength of the parties is unequal. The war is undertaken in support of a co-partnery of opium-smugglers, in which the Anglo-Indian Government may be considered as the principal partner."[21]
In 1853, The Spectator's lead book reviewer George Brimley published an anonymous and unfavourable notice of Charles Dickens's Bleak House, typical of the paper's enduring contempt for him as a "popular" writer "amusing the idle hours of the greatest number of readers; not, we may hope, without improvement to their hearts, but certainly without profoundly affecting their intellects or deeply stirring their emotions."[22] Rintoul died in April 1858, having sold the magazine two months earlier. The circulation had already been falling, under particular pressure from its new rival, The Saturday Review. Its new owner, the 27-year-old John Addyes Scott, kept the purchase quiet, but Rintoul's death made explicit the change of guard. His tenure was unremarkable, and subscribers continued to fall.[23] By the end of the year, Scott sought his escape, selling the title for £4,200 in December 1858 (equivalent to £449,684 in 2021) to two British-based Americans, James McHenry and Benjamin Moran. While McHenry was a businessman, Moran was an assistant secretary to the American ambassador, George M. Dallas; they saw their purchase as a means to influence British opinion on American affairs.[24]
The editor was
Meredith Townsend, Richard Holt Hutton, and John St Loe Strachey
The need to promote the Buchanan position in Britain had been reduced as British papers such as
The two men remained co-proprietors and joint editors for 25 years, taking a strong stand on some of the most controversial issues of their day. They supported the Union against the Confederacy in the American Civil War, an unpopular position which, at the time, did serious damage to the paper's circulation, reduced to some 1,000 readers. The issue of 25 January 1862, published in the wake of the Trent Affair, argued that "The Southern Bid" for active support in return for an Abolition promise, "demands careful examination".[28] In time, the paper regained readers when the victory of the North validated its principled stance.[18] They also launched an all-out assault on Benjamin Disraeli, accusing him in a series of leaders of jettisoning ethics for politics by ignoring the atrocities committed against Bulgarian civilians by the Ottoman Empire in the 1870s.[29]
In 1886, The Spectator parted company with William Ewart Gladstone when he declared his support for Irish Home Rule. Committed to defending the Union ahead of the Liberal Party line, Townsend and Hutton aligned themselves with the Liberal Unionist wing. As a result, H. H. Asquith (the future Prime Minister), who had served as a leader-writer for ten years, left his post. Townsend was succeeded by a young journalist named John St Loe Strachey, who would remain associated with the paper for the next 40 years. When Hutton died in 1897, Strachey became co-owner with Townsend; by the end of the year Strachey was made sole editor and proprietor. As chief leader-writer, general manager, literary critic and all things beside, Strachey embodied the spirit of The Spectator until the 1920s. Among his various schems were the establishment of a Spectator Experimental Company, to show that new soldiers could be trained up to excellence in six months, the running of a Cheap Cottage Exhibition, which laid the foundations for Letchworth Garden City, and the impassioned defence of Free Trade against Joseph Chamberlain's protectionist 'Tariff Reform' programme.[citation needed]
Within two years he had doubled the paper's circulation, which peaked at 23,000. In the early decades of the twentieth century it was heralded as "the most influential of all the London weeklies".[30] The First World War put the paper and its editor under great strain: after the conflict it seemed to be behind the times, and circulation began to fall away. Even the introduction of signed articles, overturning the paper's fixed policy of anonymity for its first century, did little to help. After years of illness, Strachey decided at the end of 1924 to sell his controlling interest in the paper to his recently appointed business manager, Sir Evelyn Wrench. Although he gained a second wind as a novelist, Strachey died two years later in 1928.[citation needed]
1925–1975
Evelyn Wrench and Wilson Harris
For his first year as proprietor, John Evelyn Wrench appointed John (Jack) Atkins his editor, who had worked on the paper for the last two decades, acting as editor during Strachey's recurrent bouts of illness. But the relationship did not work: as Atkins lamented to his long-standing friend, Winston Churchill, Wrench "continually wants to interfere and he is very ignorant".[31] Wrench duly took over the editorship in 1926, successfully channeling the enthusiasm of Strachey. His global connections helped secure interviews with Henry Ford, Mahatma Gandhi and Benito Mussolini. Perhaps his most remembered achievement as editor of The Spectator was the campaign to ease unemployment in the mining town of Aberdare, one of the worst hit by the crisis of 1928, when joblessness reached 40% in South Wales. Within three months, the paper's appeal for the town's relief raised over £12,000 (equivalent to £769,195 in 2021).[30] A statuette of an Aberdare miner, presented in gratitude to The Spectator, still sits in the editor's office, bearing the inscription: "From the Townsfolk of Aberdare in Grateful Recognition: 'The Greatest of These is Love'".[32]
Wrench retired as editor in 1932 (he remained the magazine's proprietor), appointing the political editor Wilson Harris his successor. Under Harris The Spectator became increasingly outspoken on developing international politics in the 1930s, in particular on the rise of fascism. Beneath a reader's letter referring to the Nazi Party as "peaceful, orderly and kindly", Harris printed the following reply:
No facts in recent history are established more incontestably ... than the numerous cases of murder, assault, and various forms of intimidation for which the National Socialist Party in Germany has been responsible ... The organized economic boycott of the Jews is the climax. The Spectator has consistently shown itself a friend of Germany, but it is a friend of freedom first. Resort to violence is not condoned by styling it revolution.[33]
Harris broadly supported the
Ian Gilmour
In 1954, Wrench and his co-owner Angus Watson sold The Spectator to the barrister
The Spectator opposed Britain's involvement in the
In March 1957, Jenny Nicholson, a frequent contributor, wrote a piece on the Italian Socialist Party congress in Venice, which mentioned three Labour Party politicians (Aneurin Bevan, Richard Crossman, and Morgan Phillips) "who puzzled the Italians by filling themselves like tanks with whisky and coffee".[37] All three sued for libel, the case went to trial, and The Spectator was forced to make a large payment in damages and costs, a sum well over the equivalent of £150,000 today.[38] It has since emerged that "all three plaintiffs, to a greater or lesser degree, perjured themselves in court".[38]
Gilmour gave up the editorship in 1959, in part to abet his chance of selection as a Conservative MP. He appointed his deputy Brian Inglis, who introduced to the magazine a fresh spirit of political satire. In 1959—much to the embarrassment of Gilmour (who remained the owner)—The Spectator advised either voting for the Liberal Party or tactically abstaining. Despite a marked increase in sales, Gilmour felt that The Spectator was losing its political edge, so replaced him in 1962 with Iain Hamilton. Hamilton successfully balanced a keener focus on current affairs with some more raucous contributions as the young team behind Private Eye were commissioned to write a mock eight-page Child's Guide to Modern Culture.[39] Much to the shock of Hamilton and the Spectator staff, Gilmour replaced Hamilton in 1963 with Iain Macleod, the Conservative MP who had resigned from the cabinet on the controversial appointment of Sir Alec Douglas-Home to succeed Harold Macmillan as prime minister. A widely circulated letter, signed by Spectator journalists and board members, berated Gilmour for mistreating an admired editor and appointing an active politician who could jeopardise the independence of the magazine: "We believe strongly that The Spectator, with its long and honourable history of independent opinion, should not be tossed about at the whim of the proprietor or lose its independence by identification with a narrow political faction."[40]
"The Tory Leadership" article
Two months into his post, in January 1964, Macleod intensified the shock by revealing the behind-the-scenes machinations of the Conservative party. In a long article entitled "The Tory Leadership", ostensibly a review of a new book (The Fight for the Tory Leadership) by Randolph Churchill, Macleod laid out his version of events in great detail. In disclosing, from the horse's mouth, the mysterious circumstances of Douglas-Home's appointment, the article caused an immediate sensation. Churchill's book was all but obliterated by the review, which said that "four fifths" of it "could have been compiled by anyone with a pair of scissors, a pot of paste and a built-in prejudice against Mr Butler and Sir William Haley".[41][42] That week's edition, bearing the headline "Iain Macleod, What Happened", sold a record number of copies.[citation needed]
Nigel Lawson, George Gale, and Harry Creighton
The "Tory Leadership" article prompted a furious response from many Spectator readers and caused Macleod, for a time, to be shunned by political colleagues. He eventually regained his party's favour, however, and rejoined the shadow cabinet in the same year. On his appointment as Shadow Chancellor in 1965, he stepped down as editor on the last day of the year, to be replaced by Nigel Lawson. Sometimes called "The Great Procrastinator" because of his tendency to leave writing leaders until the last minute,[18] Lawson had been City editor for The Sunday Telegraph and Alec Douglas-Home's personal assistant during the 1964 United Kingdom general election. In 1966, largely due to Lawson, The Spectator opposed America's increasing military commitment in Vietnam. In a signed article he estimated "the risks involved in an American withdrawal from Vietnam are less than the risks in escalating a bloody and brutal war".[38]
In 1967, Ian Gilmour, who by then had joined parliament and was already finding the proprietorship a hindrance in political life, sold The Spectator to Harry Creighton for £75,000 (equivalent to £1,448,230 in 2021).[43] In 1970, Creighton replaced Lawson as editor with George Gale; there had been growing resentment between the two men.[38] Gale shared Creighton's political outlook,[18] in particular his strong opposition to the EEC, and much of the next five years was spent attacking the pro-EEC prime minister Edward Heath, treating his eventual defeat by Margaret Thatcher with undisguised delight. Gale's almost obsessive opposition to the EEC and antagonistic attitude towards Heath began to lose the magazine readers. In 1973 Creighton took over the editorship himself, but was, if possible, even less successful in stemming the losses. Circulation fell from 36,000 in 1966 to below 13,000. As one journalist who joined The Spectator at that time said: "It gave the impression, an entirely accurate one, of a publication surviving on a shoestring".[38] George Gale later remarked that Creighton had only wanted the job to get into Who's Who.[38]
1975–2005
Henry Keswick and Alexander Chancellor
In 1975, Creighton sold The Spectator to
Chancellor's editorship of the paper relied principally on a return to earlier values. He adopted a new format and a more traditional weekly style, with the front page displaying five cover lines above the leader. Most significantly, he recognised the need "to bring together a number of talented writers and, with the minimal of editorial interference, let them write".
Charles Moore
Chancellor was replaced by the 27-year-old
The Spectator changed hands again in 1985, by which time it was facing financial meltdown, having an accumulated an overdraft of over £300,000.[how?] Cluff had reached the conclusion that the paper "would be best secured in the hands of a publishing group", and sold it to Australian company John Fairfax Ltd, which promptly paid off the overdraft. With the support of its new proprietor, the paper was able to widen its readership through subscription drives and advertising, reaching a circulation of 30,000 in 1986, exceeding the circulation of the New Statesman for the first time. The magazine was again sold in 1988, after an uncertain period during which several candidates, including Rupert Murdoch, attempted to buy the magazine. Moore wrote to Murdoch, saying: "Most of our contributors and many of our readers would be horrified at the idea of your buying The Spectator. They believe you are autocratic and that you have a bad effect on journalism of quality – they cite The Times as the chief example."[38]
Dominic Lawson and Frank Johnson
As The Spectator was bought by the
The Spectator caused controversy in 1994 when it printed an article entitled "Kings of the Deal" on a claimed Jewish influence in
The article was defended by some conservatives.
Boris Johnson
Before joining The Spectator as editor,
In October 2004, a Spectator editorial suggested that the death of the hostage
In 2005, circulation was as high as 60,000 by the time Johnson left to be the Shadow Minister for Higher Education. On the announcement of his departure, Andrew Neil, chairman of The Spectator[59][60] paid tribute to his editorship;[61] however, Neil later rebuked Johnson for having delegated most of his responsibilities to an assistant, in a Channel 4 Dispatches episode titled Boris Johnson: Has He Run Out of Road?[62][63][64] During Johnson's editorship, Mary Wakefield began working at the magazine: she is now the magazine's commissioning editor and is married to Johnson's former political advisor Dominic Cummings.[65][66]
2006–present
Matthew d'Ancona
D’Ancona had been Deputy Editor at The Sunday Telegraph, and before that an assistant editor at The Times. During his four years as editor of The Spectator, he made several editorial and structural changes to the magazine, "not all of which were universally popular with readers". He ended the traditional summary of the week's events, "Portrait of the Week", and in 2006 launched a new lifestyle section entitled "You Earned It". He removed Peter Oborne as political editor, and appointed Fraser Nelson in his place. He decided not to appoint a new media columnist to succeed Stephen Glover, explaining, "I do not think The Spectator needs a media columnist. Our pages are precious and I do not think the internal wranglings of our trade are high on the list of Spectator readers’ priorities."[67]
Perhaps the magazine's most important innovation under d’Ancona was the Coffee House blog, led by Peter Hoskin and James Forsyth, launched in May 2007.[68] In 2007, The Spectator moved its offices from Doughty Street, which had been its home for 32 years, to 22 Old Queen Street in Westminster. The Spectator Australia was launched in October 2008. Apparently printed in Australia at the same time as, and with almost all the content of, the parent edition it finds its own cover illustrations and its first dozen pages are Australian.[69] Circulation reached a weekly average of 10,389 in January to December 2020.[70]
Fraser Nelson
The Spectator's current editor is Fraser Nelson, who replaced d'Ancona in August 2009. In 2010, he unveiled a slight redesign of the paper, shrinking the cover illustration slightly, shifting the cover lines, in general, to the bottom, and spreading the contents section over a double-page. Playing down the changes, Nelson described the new look as "a tidy-up ... rather like restoring an old painting."[71]
An article in November 2011 by Rod Liddle on the trial of two men eventually convicted for the murder of Stephen Lawrence led to the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) deciding to prosecute the magazine for breaching reporting restrictions.[72] The magazine chose not to contest the case,[73] and the publisher Spectator 1828 Ltd pleaded guilty at the court hearing at Westminster Magistrates Court on 7 June 2012.[74] The magazine was fined £3,000, with £2,000 compensation awarded to Stephen Lawrence's parents and £625 costs.[75] According to Nelson, readers' most common reaction to the columnist was "don't tone down Rod", but "our non-readers don't like" him.[76] In June 2013, The Spectator Archive was launched,[77] containing 1.5 million pages from 180 years of published articles. In July 2013, the magazine ran a column by Taki Theodoracopulos defending the far-right Greek political party Golden Dawn, which drew criticism.[78][79] In May 2018, Theodoracopulos published a column defending the Wehrmacht.[80][81][82]
In August 2015, The Spectator received media attention and criticism after publishing an article by
In 2018, Nelson and deputy editor
2023–2024 takeover bid
In June 2023, it was reported that, following a breakdown in discussions relating to a financial dispute,
Shiva Naipaul prize
The Shiva Naipaul Memorial Prize for outstanding travel writing offers £2,000 every year.[94] The first winner was Hilary Mantel in 1987.[95][96]
Political ideology and policy positions
The Spectator is politically
Cultural influence
The magazine has popularised or coined the phrases "The Establishment" (1955), "nanny state" (1965), "young fogey" (1984),[104] and "virtue signalling" (2015).[105]
Contributors
In addition to the permanent staff of writers, other contributors included:
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Editors
The editors of The Spectator have been:
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See also
- The Salisbury Review
- The Spectator (1711–1714)
References
Notes
Citations
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- ^ "The Spectator excluding Australia". Audit Bureau of Circulations. 17 February 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
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- ^ "The Spectator Australia". Audit Bureau of Circulations. 17 February 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ^ Fischer, Sara (13 August 2019). "The Spectator is launching a U.S. print version". Axios. Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
- ^ "About The Spectator's US edition". Spectator USA. Archived from the original on 10 March 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.
- ^ Butterfield, David (16 February 2020). "The Spectator becomes the world's longest-lived current affairs magazine". spectator.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
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- ^ Nelson, Fraser (March 2019). "1711 and all that: the untold story of The Spectator". spectator.co.uk.
- ^ "How the spirit of The Spectator dates back to 1711". Coffee House. 1 March 2018.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Beach Thomas, William (1928). The Story of the Spectator, 1828–1928.
- ^ Froude, James Anthony; Tulloch, John (2 July 1858). Fraser's Magazine. J. Fraser – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c d e f g Blake, Robert (23 September 1978). "From Wellington to Thatcher". The Spectator.
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- ^ The Spectator, 24 September 1853, reprinted in Philip Collins (ed), Charles Dickens: The Critical Heritage, Taylor and Francis, 2005 [1971], pp. 295–98, 297.
- ^ Butterfield, David (2020). 10,000 Not Out: The History of The Spectator 1828–2020. London: Unicorn, pp. 40–41.
- ^ "The Press in a Mess". History Today. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
- ^ JSTOR 20082560. (subscription required)
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- ^ "25 Jan 1862 » The Spectator Archive". archive.spectator.co.uk. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
- .
- ^ a b c d e f Courtauld, Simon (1999). To Convey Intelligence: The Spectator 1928–1998'. Profile Books Ltd.
- ^ "Image Browser". www.churchillarchive.com. Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
- ^ "The Spectator". www.facebook.com. Archived from the original on 24 April 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
- ^ The Spectator, 7 April 1933
- OCLC 1042099346.
- ISBN 978-1-84275-177-0.
- ^ Butterfield, David (27 July 2017). "Persistent buggers: how The Spectator fought to decriminalise homosexuality". www.spectator.co.uk.
- ^ The Spectator, 1 March 1957
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Courtauld, Simon. "A Notorious Case of Perjury". The Spectator (175th Anniversary Issue).
- ^ "A Child's Guide to Modern Culture » 23 Nov 1962 » The Spectator Archive". The Spectator Archive. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
- ^ Letter first printed in The Times of 2 November 1963.
- ^ Macleod, Iain (17 January 1964). "The Tory Leadership". The Spectator. p. 5. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
- ^ Wheatcroft, Geoffrey (17 January 2004). "The end of the Etonians". The Spectator. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
- ^ "Howard Creighton Obituary". The Times. 14 July 2003. Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
- ^ "Howard Creighton Obituary". The Daily Telegraph. UK. 8 July 2003. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
- ^ Bell,Matthew. "What's the point of Taki if he isn't offensive any more?" Archived 17 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine, The Independent on Sunday, 16 May 2010; Leader: "Selective spectator" Archived 1 December 2016 at the Wayback Machine, The Guardian, 21 October 2004.
- .
- ^ The Spectator, 10 June 1989
- ^ Lawson, Dominic (14 July 1990). "Germany Calling" (PDF). The Spectator. p. 8. Retrieved 16 March 2024 – via Margaret Thatcher Foundation.
- ^ Jones, Jonathan (22 September 2011). "From the archives: Ridley was right". The Spectator. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
- ^ Lawson, Dominic (25 January 2004). "If Conrad Black was a bully – I never saw it". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 28 December 2006. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
- ^ "John Derbyshire on NRO". National Review. Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
- ^ The Spectator, 16 August 1997
- ^ Grice, Andrew (10 December 2005). "An era ends at 'The Sextator' as Johnson chooses politics over journalism". The Independent. Archived from the original on 1 March 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2017.
- ^ Graff, Vincent (10 June 2003). "The blond bombshell". The Independent. UK. Archived from the original on 23 January 2011. Retrieved 9 August 2009.
- ^ a b c Hopkins, Nick (28 February 2008). "Spectator and its Tory MP editor may face charges over Taki race rant". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
- ^ The Spectator, 16 October 2004
- ^ The Spectator, 23 October 2004
- ^ "Blunkett quits as home secretary". BBC News. 15 December 2004. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
- ^ "A statement from the chairman of The Spectator". www.spectator.co.uk. Archived from the original on 19 May 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- ^ Register of Journalists' Interests, UK Parliament, 22 August 2018, archived from the original on 28 August 2018, retrieved 27 August 2018
- ^ "Boris Johnson resigns as Spectator editor". Press Gazette. 16 December 2005. Archived from the original on 13 November 2007.
- ^ "Boris Johnson: Has He Run Out of Road? - All 4". channel4.com. Archived from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "Andrew Neil will examine Boris Johnson's political fight in Boris Johnson: Has He Run Out of Road? Tx: Sunday 30th January, 6:45pm, on Channel 4 and All 4". Channel 4. Archived from the original on 1 February 2022. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ Power, Ed (30 January 2022). "Anger, scorn and support as Andrew Neil returned to TV to take on Boris Johnson". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 1 February 2022. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ Maya Oppenheim (5 July 2017). "Dominic Cummings: The Vote Leave chief who invented £350m claim before admitting Brexit was a mistake". The Independent. Archived from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
- ^ "Dominic Cummings has 'done' Brexit. Now he plans to reinvent politics". Financial Times. 15 January 2020. Archived from the original on 26 February 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
- ^ Brook, Stephen (9 May 2006). "Spectator editor says no to media columnist". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 February 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
- ^ "Fraser Nelson is the new Editor of The Spectator". Conservative Home. 28 August 2009. Archived from the original on 20 June 2012. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
- ^ Crikey Archived 3 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 20 February 2009, accessed 12 February 2021
- ^ Audit Bureau of Circulations Archived 18 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine accessed 12 February 2021
- ^ Robinson, James (15 September 2010). "The Spectator unveils new look". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 31 May 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
- ^ Owen Boycott "Spectator magazine to face charge over article on Stephen Lawrence trial" Archived 1 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine, The Guardian, 9 May 2012.
- ^ "Spectator charged over Stephen Lawrence article" Archived 22 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine, BBC News, 9 May 2012.
- ^ "Spectator magazine fined £5,000 over Stephen Lawrence", Daily Telegraph, 7 June 2012.
- ^ Josh Halliday "Spectator to pay out £5,625 over Rod Liddle's Stephen Lawrence article" Archived 1 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine, The Guardian, 7 June 2012.
- ^ Dan Sabbagh "Fraser Nelson: The Spectator is more cocktail party than political party" Archived 12 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine, The Guardian, 17 February 2013.
- ^ "Welcome to The Spectator Archive: 180 years of history now online" Archived 24 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Sebastian Payne, 10 June 2013.
- HuffPost UK. Archivedfrom the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
- ^ Hollander, Gavriel (23 July 2013). "Spectator editor defends column supporting Greek far-right party Golden Dawn". Press Gazette. Archived from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
- ^ Theodoracopulos, Taki (17 May 2018). "The other side of D-Day". Archived from the original on 17 November 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
- Times of Israel. 18 May 2018. Archivedfrom the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
- ^ "British magazine publishes article calling Nazis the heroes of D-Day". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 17 May 2018. Archived from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
- ^ "Row over 'sexist' Kendall and Cooper article". ITV News. 23 August 2015. Archived from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
- ^ York, Chris (23 August 2015). "This Spectator Article On Yvette Cooper and Liz Kendall Is All Kinds Of 1950s Wrong". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 24 August 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
- ^ "October". The Spectator World. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
- ^ Silvera, Ian. "A little less snark, a little more mischief from The Spectator USA". www.news-future.com. Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
- ^ "October". The Spectator World. Archived from the original on 13 January 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
- ^ "June". The Spectator World. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
- ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ Kleinman, Mark (7 June 2023). "Lloyds to launch £600m Telegraph auction after seizing control". Sky News. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ Ponsford, Dominic (7 June 2023). "Barclay family says reports Telegraph will enter administration are 'unfounded'". Press Gazette. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ Cahill, Helen. "Telegraph bid should be blocked, says Andrew Neil".
- ^ Nelson, Fraser (26 January 2024). "Fraser Nelson: governments should never own our press". The Spectator. 13:38-13:47. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ Tan, Clarissa. "The Spectator's Shiva Naipaul prize for outstanding travel writing is open for entries". The Spectator. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ Mantel, Hilary (1987). "Last Morning in Al Hamra". The Spectator. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ "Shiva naipaul memorial prize". The Spectator. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ from the original on 10 March 2022. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
- from the original on 30 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
- ^ McCreesh, Shawn (14 February 2020). "A Visit With Andrew Neil, The Spectator's Publisher and Boris Johnson's Old Boss". New York. Archived from the original on 30 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
- ^ Menden, Alexander (27 July 2021). "Nigel Farage macht jetzt Fernsehen". Süddeutsche Zeitung. Archived from the original on 30 July 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
Andrew Neil, einer der schärfsten Interviewer der BBC und zugleich Herausgeber des rechtskonservativen Spectator.
- ^ "Persistent buggers". The Spectator. 29 July 2017. Archived from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
- ^ "The case for amnesty: why it's time to offer citizenship to illegal immigrants". The Spectator. 9 November 2019. Archived from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
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- ^ "Jani Allan bites back at 'ferret'" Archived 9 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine, The Independent, 22 August 1992.
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- ^ Adrian, Wootton (3 July 2004). "Crime Pays". The Guardian.
- ^ Courtauld, Simon (1999). To Convey Intelligence: The Spectator 1928–1998. Profile Books Ltd.
Further reading
- Butterfield, David (2020), 10,000 Not Out: The History of The Spectator 1828–2020, London: Unicorn, ISBN 978-1-912690-81-7.
- Courtauld, Simon (1998), To Convey Intelligence: The Spectator 1928–1998, London: Profile ISBN 978-1-86197-127-2.
- Thomas, William Beach (and Katharine West, née Leaf) (1928), The Story of The Spectator 1828–1928, London: Methuen & Co.
- Tener, Robert H. (1986). "Breaking the Code of Anonymity: The Case of the Spectator, 1861–1897". The Yearbook of English Studies. 16 (Literary Periodicals Special Number): 63–73. JSTOR 3507766. (subscription required)
- Woodfield, Malcolm (1986). "Victorian Weekly Reviews and Reviewing after 1860: R. H. Hutton and the Spectator". The Yearbook of English Studies. 16 (Literary Periodicals Special Number): 74–91. JSTOR 3507767. (subscription required)
- "A spectator at The Spectator". The Independent. 31 March 1997.
- "Interview: Matthew d'Ancona". The Guardian. 2 February 2009.
- "Interview: Fraser Nelson". The Guardian. 17 February 2013.