Typhoon Lekima

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the 2019 typhoon. For other storms of the same name, see List of storms named Lekima and List of storms named Hanna.
Typhoon Lekima (Hanna)
Lekima at peak intensity above Ryukyu Islands on August 8
Meteorological history
FormedAugust 2, 2019
ExtratropicalAugust 14, 2019
DissipatedAugust 14, 2019
Violent typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds195 km/h (120 mph)
Lowest pressure925 hPa (mbar); 27.32 inHg
Category 4-equivalent super typhoon
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds250 km/h (155 mph)
Lowest pressure904 hPa (mbar); 26.70 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities105 total
Damage$9.28 billion (2019 USD)
(Fourth-costliest in Chinese history)
Areas affectedCaroline Islands, East China, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Malaysia
IBTrACS
Part of the 2019 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Lekima, known in the

Super typhoon. However, an eyewall replacement cycle caused the typhoon to weaken before it made landfall in Zhejiang early on 10 August, as a Category 2–equivalent typhoon. Lekima weakened subsequently while moving across Eastern China, and made its second landfall in Shandong
on 11 August.

Lekima's precursor enhanced the southwestern monsoon in the Philippines, which brought heavy rain to the country. The rains caused three boats to sink and 31 people died in this accident. Lekima brought catastrophic damage in mainland China, with a death toll of 71 people and more than CN¥65.37 billion (US$9.26 billion) in damages. The system also caused minor damage in Ryukyu Islands and Taiwan. In Malaysia, the typhoon brought up strong tides and partially destroyed the coastal areas of Penang.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On 2 August, the

UTC that day.[5] The JTWC followed suit later that day. Though Lekima was affected by moderate wind shear, warm waters of 31 °C (88 °F) and good outflow channel allowed Lekima to slowly intensify, and Lekima became almost stationary due to the absence of steering current.[6]

On 6 August, Lekima steered by a

Miyako-jima and Tarama-jima.[12]

Shortly thereafter, Lekima began an

Xihai'an, Qingdao, Shandong at 8:50 p.m. CST, with two-minute sustained winds of 85 km/h (53 mph).[21] The JTWC issued its final warning to the system around that time.[22] Lekima meandered over the Shandong Peninsula and Bohai Sea throughout 12 August, and the JMA downgraded it to a tropical depression later that day.[23]

Preparations

Typhoon Lekima rapidly intensifying to a Category 4 typhoon while approaching China on August 7

As Lekima moved northwestward and approached the northern part of the Philippines, PAGASA issued PSWS#1 to Batanes and the Babuyan Islands late on 6 August.[24] These warnings were lifted after Lekima left the Philippine Area of Responsibility.[25] As Lekima approached the southwestern

Miyako-jima received a storm warning. The JMA urged the residents on these islands to beware of high waves, heavy rain, and sudden gusts.[26]

Taiwan's

Central Weather Bureau (CWB) issued a sea warning on 7 August.[27] As Lekima continued to approach the island, the CWB issued a land warning to the northern part of Taiwan early on the next day, locally.[28] The CWB lifted the land warning late on 9 August,[29] and lifted the sea warning early on the next day, after Lekima made landfall in East China.[30] On late 8 August, school and work were cancelled for the next day in eight municipalities and counties in the northern part of Taiwan and in the Matsu Islands.[31] Hundreds of flights and ships were cancelled and delayed.[32]

Ahead of Lekima, the

Shanghai Center, and Shanghai Zoo.[38]

Impact

Philippines

Though Lekima, locally known as "Hanna", did not directly affect the Philippines it contributed to the southwest monsoon which caused heavy rain to the nation. Three boats sank in

Mactan Island in the early morning of 7 August.[42] To the south waves from Lekima displaced more than 1,300 people in Davao City.[43] Agricultural damage in Central Luzon was at ₱80.5 million (US$1.55 million).[44]

Ryukyu Islands

Gusts in Miyako-jima reached 168 km/h (104 mph), while gusts in Shimojishima Airport and Iriomote-jima reached 156 km/h (97 mph) and 125 km/h (78 mph) respectively.[45] Six people were injured during the storm, and thousands of families suffered from power outages.[46] Hundreds of flights and passenger ship trips were cancelled on 7–9 August, mainly in Miyako-jima and Ishigaki-jima, affecting thousands of passengers.[47][48] Agricultural damage across the island chain was JP¥347 million (US$3.29 million).[49]

Taiwan

Throughout Taiwan Lekima killed two people and injured 15 others. More than 80,000 families suffered power outages.[32] On 8–9 August, Wufeng Township recorded a rainfall total of 385 mm (15.2 in), while rainfall in Taichung amounted to 355.5 mm (14.00 in).[50] Lekima's downdraft affected Kinmen on 9 August, where a farmland recorded temperature of 39.9 °C (103.8 °F), setting the national record for the second highest temperature. Jinfeng Township also recorded a temperature of 36.8 °C (98.2 °F).[51] Institutional damage from Lekima, along with a magnitude 6.0 earthquake reached NT$5.24 million (US$167,000).[52]

Mainland China

Typhoon Lekima uprooted a tree in Xianju County, Zhejiang.

Striking

Beilun District amounted to 291 mm (11.5 in).[54]

Lekima also brought significant effects to Shandong where 5 people were killed, 7 remain missing, and the damage statewide amounted to over CN¥16 billion (US$2.27 billion).[54] Because Lekima looped around Shandong for days, it brought heavy rainfall in the province. Daily rainfall in Linqu County reached 386.7 mm (15.22 in).[56]

Malaysia

Lekima's

tail reached south to Malaysia and hit the northern states of the Malay Peninsula on 9 August, which killed a person, left one missing, and injuring ten others in the states of Kedah, Penang and Perak.[57] The storm also caused damage to 329 schools, and the damage was about RM20 million (US$4.77 million). Wind speeds in some areas were recorded at 100 km/h (62 mph). Hundreds of trees were uprooted.[58] 1,358 houses in Kedah were damaged by Lekima.[59] Total damage in Malaysia reached RM60.2 million (US$14.4 million).[60]

Retirement

Due to the severe impact of the storm in China, the name Lekima was retired during the 52nd annual session of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee in February 2020. In February 2021, the Typhoon Committee chose Co-may as its replacement name.[61]

See also

References

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