Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/D
Directory of articles |
1 to 100
1 – 20
- Dabbasheth (JE | WP GWP G) A town on the border-line of Zebulun (Josh. xix. 11). It has been identified by Conder with Dabsheh, the ruins of which are...
- Daberath (JE | WP GWP G) A town on the eastern boundary of Zebulun (Josh. xix. 12), but belonging to the domain of Issachar, and assigned to the Levites...
- Isaac-Francis Dacosta (JE | WP GWP G) Musician and composer; born at Bordeaux Jan. 17, 1778; died there Nov. 29, 1864. He was a pupil of the Musical Conservatory...
- Dagesh (JE | WP GWP G) the diacritical point placed in the center of the letters of the Hebrew alphabet to indicate either their intensified (doubled)...
- Daggatun JE (JE | WP GWP G) Nomad tribe of Jewish origin living in the neighborhood of Tementit, in the oasis of Tuat in the Moroccan Sahara. An account...
- Dagger (JE | WP GWP G) A short, edged, and pointed weapon for stabbing. It is given in the Ehud episode (Judges iii. 16, 21, 22) as the English equivalent...
- ) Russian province, situated on the eastern slopes of the Caucasus, and bounded by Circassia, Georgia, and the Caspian Sea....
- Dagobert (JE | WP GWP G) King of France (602-638). In order to emulate the religious zeal of Heraclius and Sisebut, the rulers of the Byzantine and...
- Dagon (JE | WP GWP G) Philistine god, referred to in Judges xvi. 23; I Sam. v. 2-5; and I Macc. x. 83, xi 4; but not in Isa. xlvi. 1, where Δ...
- Zebi Hirsch b. Zeëb Wolf Dainow (JE | WP GWP G) Russian preacher; born at Slutzk, government of Minsk, in 1832; died in London March 6, 1877. He possessed oratorical ability...
- ) Archbishop of Mayence and subsequently Grand Duke of Frankfort-on-the-Main; born Feb. 8, 1744; died Feb. 10, 1817. He was...
- Alan Dale (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C583: Cohen, Alfred J.
- ) Fourth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The name is evidently connected with "delet," meaning "door," and was borrowed from...
- Dallas (JE | WP GWP G) County seat of Dallas county, Texas, on the east bank of the Trinity River. It was settled in 1844. It has a population of...
- Simon Mayer Dalmbert (JE | WP GWP G) Officer in the French army, and communal worker; born at Mutzig, Bas-Rhin, in 1776; died May 11, 1840. He took part in the...
- ) the second of the ten sons of Haman. All were killed by the Jews and hanged upon gallows (Esth. ix. 10-14). The Septuagint...
- Dalpuget (JE | WP GWP G) Family of merchants; settled at Bordeaux, France. They originally came from Avignon, and refused to obey the decree of expulsion...
- ) Historian and jurist; born in New York city 1816; died in 1899. Daly was of Roman Catholic parentage. He was admitted to the...
- Dama, son of Netina (JE | WP GWP G) the name of a non-Israelite held up by Rabbi Eliezer and other rabbis to his brethren as an example of true love and piety...
- Damage (JE | WP GWP G) Money recoverable as amends for a wrong or injury sustained. The simple and clear rule as to the obligation of a person who...
21 – 40
- Damascus (JE | WP GWP G) An ancient city of Asia Minor, situated at the foot of the Anti-Lebanon, 180 miles south by west of Aleppo; now the capital...
- ) Accusation of ritual murder brought against the Jews of Damascus in 1840. At that time Damascus, together with Syria, belonged...
- ) Italian prelate; born at Ravenna 1007; died at Faenza 1072. About 1035 he entered the convent of Fonte Avellana near Gubbio...
- Dampierre (JE | WP GWP G) Village of Champagne, in the department of the Aube, France; not to be confounded with "Dompaire," Vosges, as is sometimes...
- Leopold Damrosch (JE | WP GWP G) German-American violinist and conductor; born at Posen, Prussia, Oct. 22, 1832; died in New York Feb. 15, 1885. He commenced...
- Dan (JE | WP GWP G) the name of Jacob's fifth son (Gen. xxx. 6), whose mother was Bilhah, Rachel's handmaiden (ib. xxx. 3, xxxv. 25)....
- Dan Ashkenazi JE (JE | WP GWP G) German Talmudist and exegete; flourished in the second half of the thirteenth century. Dan, who was one of the most prominent...
- ) If the reading is correct, the name of a city mentioned only once in the Bible (II Sam. xxiv. 6). It was one of the places...
- ) Rhythmical and measured stepping to the accompaniment of music, singing, or the beating of drums. This exercise, generally...
- ) French musician; born in Paris Feb. 26, 1835; died there June 9, 1896. He studied at the Paris Conservatory under Bazin, Halé...
- ) in Hebrew (1) ; (2) . (1) the form without the (see Masorah Magna to Ezek. xiv. 14) occurs in Ezek. xiv. 14, 20; xxviii. 3...
- Tomb of Daniel JE (JE | WP GWP G) Tradition has named two places as the site of Daniel's tomb. In the "Martyrologium Romanum," for instance, which consecrates...
- : Apocalyptic Literature
- Book of Daniel (JE | WP GWP G) One of the books of the Old Testament. It may be divided into two parts: chapters i.-vi., recounting the events of Daniel'...
- Daniel ibn al-Anishata (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D43: Daniel b. Saadia ha-Babli
- Hayyata Daniel (JE | WP GWP G) A Palestinian, two of whose Scriptural interpretations are preserved in the Midrash: one to Gen. xxvi. 14 (Gen. R. lxiv. 7...
- Daniel ben Hasdai (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D44: Daniel ben Solomon
- Daniel b. Isaac (JE | WP GWP G) See Pisa, Daniel da.
- ) Russian halakist; died in Grodno April 30, 1807. He was dayyan there for forty years. He is ordinarily called "saint," "pious...
- Daniel ben Judah (JE | WP GWP G) Liturgical poet, who lived at Rome in the middle of the fourteenth century. He was the grandfather of Daniel ben Samuel ha-Rofe...
41 – 60
- Daniel b. Ketina (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian amora; flourished in the second half of the third century. He was a contemporary of Ze'era (Yer. Suk. iv. 54b...
- ) One of the most prominent Karaite scholars of the earlier period; flourished atthe end of the ninth or at the beginning of...
- Daniel ben Saadia ha-Babli (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudic scholar; lived at Damascus in the thirteenth century. He was a pupil of Samuel b. Ali Halevi, the anti-Maimonist...
- Daniel ben Solomon (Ben Hasdai) (JE | WP GWP G) Exilarch at Bagdad in the second half of the twelfth century. According to Pethahiah, Daniel's father, Solomon, was highly...
- Danielillo of Leghorn (JE | WP GWP G) Anonymous author of a small apologetic work of the seventeenth century, written in Spanish, which Grätz erroneously considers...
- D. Polak Daniels (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch communal worker at the Hague; died 1899. He was active in Jewish communal affairs, was president of the Jewish community...
- Danilevsky (JE | WP GWP G) -- See R479: Russia
- Abraham Danon (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish writer; born at Adrianople, European Turkey, in 1857; attended the Talmud Torah in that city, pursuing his Talmudic...
- Berakah ben Yom-Tob Danon (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudical scholar; lived at Jerusalem in the first half of the nineteenth century. He was the author of a work entitled "Bad...
- ) Hebraist and Talmudist; born at Belgrade about 1620; died at London toward the end of the seventeenth century. He was descended...
- ) Rabbinical writer, and chief rabbi of Sarajevo in Bosnia; lived in the first half of the nineteenth century. He wrote "Be'...
- ) Author and rabbi of Smyrna in the first half of the nineteenth century. He went to Jerusalem in 1821, where he succeeded Joseph...
- ) Florentine poet; born 1265; died at Ravenna Sept. 14, 1321. Dante took an active part in the political feuds then distracting...
- Johann Andreas Danz (JE | WP GWP G) German theologian and Hebraist; born at Sundhausen, near Gotha, 1654; died at Jena Dec. 22, 1727. Danz studied at Wittenberg...
- ) Capital of West Prussia. The Jewish population of Danzig in 1895 was 2,474, in a total population of 125,605. the Five Congregations...
- ) Lithuanian codifier; born in Danzig in 1747 or 1748; died at Wilna Sept. 12, 1820. He was descended from a family of scholars...
- Astruc Dapiera (De Piera) (JE | WP GWP G) Martyr; lived in Barcelona. He was probably a relative of Isaac de Piera, who also lived in Barcelona, and who, in the year...
- Solomon ben Meshullam Dapiera (JE | WP GWP G) Neo-Hebraic poet of North Spain; died after 1417. He was a relative of Meshullam ben Solomon Dapiera, who flourished, probably...
- Darda (JE | WP GWP G) One of the wise men surpassed in wisdom by King Solomon (I Kings iv. 31). He is mentioned, with Ethan, Heman, and Chalcol...
- Dardanelles (JE | WP GWP G) Name of the two cities situated opposite each other on the shores of the strait at the entrance to the Sea of Marmora. The...
61 – 80
- Moses Dar'i (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite; flourished in Dar'ah toward the end of the ninth century. He was a grammarian of prominence, as is shown by the...
- ) King of Persia from 521 to 485 B.C.; son of Hystaspes. The sources for the history of Darius are his own trilingual inscription...
- Darius III (JE | WP GWP G) Last King of Persia; reigned from 336 to 330 B.C.; conquered by Alexander the Great. He is probably the "Darius the Persian...
- Darkness (JE | WP GWP G) the rendering in the English versions of the Hebrew and its synonyms , . At one time darkness was regarded as something substantial...
- Arsène Darmesteter (JE | WP GWP G) French philologist and brother of James Darmesteter; born at Château-Salins Jan. 5, 1846; died at Paris Nov. 16, 1888...
- James Darmesteter (JE | WP GWP G) French Orientalist; born March 28, 1849, at Château-Salins, Lorraine; died Oct. 19, 1894, at Paris. His parents were...
- Darmstadt (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H683: Hesse
- Joseph ben Meïrzebi Darmstadt (JE | WP GWP G) German Talmudist; flourished in the second half of the eighteenth century. He was a pupil of Mordecai Halberstadt, author...
- Daroca (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the Spanish province of Saragossa, and formerly a part of the ancient kingdom of Aragon. It contains an old Jewish...
- Simeon Darshan (JE | WP GWP G) See Kara, Simon.
- Darshanim (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H874: Homiletics
- Dart (JE | WP GWP G) A pointed weapon to be thrown by the hand; a javelin or light spear. The English version uses "dart" as an equivalent for...
- Astruc Dascola (JE | WP GWP G) -- See K93: Kansi, Samuel
- ) Village in the government of Kiev, Russia. It has a population of 6,200, including 3,200 Jews, whose sources of income are...
- P38: Palm-tree
- Dathan (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Eliab, of the tribe of Reuben. He conspired with his brother Abiram against Moses and Aaron. See Abiram.E. C. M. Sel...
- Dathema JE (JE | WP GWP G) the name of a fortress in Gilead to which the Jews fled when hard pressed by Timotheus. There they shut themselves in, prepared...
- Mordecai ben Judah Dato (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi and preacher; born 1527; lived in various places in the territory of the house of Este; died after 1585. Steinschneider...
- Da'ud Effendi Molko (JE | WP GWP G) Chief of translation in the Turkish Foreign Office; born at Salonica in 1845. Da'ud is of humble parentage. His family...
- Daughter in Jewish Law (JE | WP GWP G) the legal status of a daughter in Jewish law changed very materially from patriarchal times to the Talmudic era. In the former...
81 – 100
- Dauphiné (JE | WP GWP G) Former province of France, now absorbed in the departments Isère, Hautes-Alpes, and La Drôme. It is supposed that...
- David (JE | WP GWP G) Second King of Israel; according to I Chron. ii. 15, the youngest of the seven sons of Jesse the Bethlehemite; or, according...
- City of David (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J242: Jerusalem
- David (JE | WP GWP G) Oriental rabbi; lived at Mosul toward the end of the twelfth century. He was a nephew of the exilarch Daniel b. Solomon (S...
- David (JE | WP GWP G) A family which played an important part in the earlier annals of the Canadian Jews. Aaron Hart David: Second son of Samuel...
- ) Moroccan poet; lived in the second half of the eighteenth century. At the end of a collection of dirges of Moroccan poets...
- David ben Abraham (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite lexicographer of the tenth century. His surname "al-Fasi" shows that he came from Fez. From a reference by abu al-Faraj...
- David ben Abraham ha-Laban JE (JE | WP GWP G) French religious philosopher and cabalist; lived after 1200. His grandfather, Judah, was rabbi of Coucy-le-Château. David...
- David b. Abraham Modena (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D89: Modena, David b. Abraham
- David Provençal (Provenzale) (JE | WP GWP G) Italian scholar; born before 1538; eulogized by the greatest of his contemporaries as the most eminent preacher of his century...
- David ben Abraham Shemariah (JE | WP GWP G) Cabalistic writer; lived at Salonica toward the end of the sixteenth century. He wrote "Torat Emet" (The True Law), which...
- Maestro David of Arles (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Avignon in the sixteenth century. He figured prominently in a casuistic question which agitated the rabbis of Provence...
- ) Lithuanian rabbi of the seventeeth century. On hismother's side he was a nephew of R. Moses Rivkes, author of "Be'...
- David (Tevele) b. Benjamin (JE | WP GWP G) German Talmudic scholar; born at Posen; died at Ottensee, near Hamburg, 1699. He wrote the following works: "Masoret ha-Berit"...
- Benjamin Ferdinand David (JE | WP GWP G) French deputy; born at Niort, department of Deux-Sèvres, March 30, 1796; died there Jan. 24, 1879. He studied medicine...
- David ben Boaz JE (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite scholar; flourished in the tenth century. He is reported to have been the fifth in the line of descent from Anan,...
- David Bonet Bonjorn (JE | WP GWP G) Convert to Christianity; lived in Catalonia in the second half of the fourteenth century. He is believed to have been the...
- Christian Georg Nathan David (JE | WP GWP G) Danish political economist and politician; born at Copenhagen Jan. 16, 1793; died there June 18, 1874. Christian received...
- David ben Elijah (JE | WP GWP G) Hebrew scholar of the eighteenth century. He translated into Hebrew, under the title "Leshon Zahab" (A Tongue of Gold), the...
- Ernest David (JE | WP GWP G) French musician; born at Nancy July 4, 1844; died at Paris June 3, 1886. He completed his musical education under Fétis...
101 to 200
101 – 120
- Ferdinand David (JE | WP GWP G) Violinist and violin-teacher; born at Hamburg Jan. 19, 1810; died suddenly July 19, 1873, near Kloster, Switzerland, while...
- David of Fez (JE | WP GWP G) -- See Y8: David b. Abraham
- David Gerson (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Reshid, Egypt; flourished in the middle of the seventeenth century. He was a contemporary of Mordecai ben Judah ha-Levi...
- David ben Hayyim ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Corfu, and later at Patros, Greece, at the beginning of the sixteenth century. He was a pupil of Judah Minz, and...
- David ibn Hin (JE | WP GWP G) Cabalist; lived at Salonica at the end of the sixteenth and at the beginning of the seventeenth century. Although blind, he...
- David ben Hodaya of Mosul (JE | WP GWP G) Prince of the Davidic house; lived at Mosul (New Nineveh) about 1150-1220. His genealogy, contained in an excommunication...
- David ben Isaac ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Prominent rabbinical scholar; lived at Avignon in the thirteenth century. Aaron b. Jacob ha-Kohen of Narbonne, his grandson...
- David ben Jacob (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Szerezow, government of Grodno, Russia; one of the most influential rabbis of Lithuania at the end of the eighteenth...
- ) Austrian journalist and author; born at Weisskirchen, Moravia, Feb. 6, 1859. Immediately after his birth his parents removed...
- David ben Jacob ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish Talmudist; flourished about 1550 in Salonica. He wrote essays ("shiṭṭot") to the Talmudical orders Mo'...
- ) Italian astrologer of the fifteenth century, and a member of the Kalonymus family. He wrote in 1464 two astrological treatises...
- David b. Jacob of Szczebrszyn (JE | WP GWP G) Polish scholar; known only as the author of a commentary on the so-called "Targum Jonathan" and "Targum Yerushalmi" of the...
- David ben Joseph ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) Dayyan and preacher at Krotoschin, Prussia, in the eighteenth century. He was the author of "Pa'amone Zahab" (Bells of...
- ) Exilarch of Babylonia 820-834; successor to Iskawi II. at a time when this dignity was on the decline. His appointment was...
- ) German cabalist; flourished in the thirteenth century. He was not the son of Judah ha-Ḥasid (see A. Epstein in "Monatsschrift...
- L190: Leon
- David ben Kalonymus of Münzenberg (JE | WP GWP G) German Tosafist and liturgical poet; flourished at the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth. He...
- David Kalonymus of Naples (JE | WP GWP G) Italian scholar; lived in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. In "Kerem Ḥemed" (iii. 173) there is published a letter...
- David (Abu Sulaiman) al-Kumisi (JE | WP GWP G) Karaite teacher of the tenth century, of whom little is known. As his name indicates, he was a native of the Persian province...
- David Lahni ben Eliezer (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Karasu-Bazar, in the Crimea, at the end of the seventeenth century. He was a native of Poland, whence his Tatar surname...
121 – 140
- David ben Levi (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Narbonne, France; flourished at the end of the thirteenth century. From the fact that he speaks of R. Samuel Shekili...
- David ha-Levi (JE | WP GWP G) German Talmudist; lived in the eleventh century. He is mentioned in "Mordecai" (Baba Mezi'a, 332), where his decision...
- David ben Menahem Cohen (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch scholar; lived at Amsterdam in the first half of the seventeenth century. He was the author of "Mizmor le-Todah" (Song...
- ) Philosopher and controversialist; native of Rakka, Mesopotamia, whence his surname; flourished in the ninth and tenth centuries...
- Meyer Michel David (JE | WP GWP G) Hanoverian court banker and agent of the board of finance; born in Hanover in the middle of the eighteenth century. He was...
- David of Milhau (JE | WP GWP G) French liturgical poet; lived at L'Isle, France, about 1764. In Hebrew he was called (Zunz reads ). MS. No. 148 Montefiore...
- David (Tevele) ben Moses (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi and author; born in Turetz, in the government of Minsk, 1792; died at Minsk April 27, 1861. At the age of fifteen...
- David ben Moses ha-Kohen (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T254: Toledo
- David ben Moses of Novogrudok (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi; born 1769; died in Novogrudok, government of Minsk, 1836. He became rabbi of that town in 1794, and held the...
- David Nieto Redivivus (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D303: Deutsch, Heinrich
- David the Pious (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar; lived at Château-Thierry in the second half of the twelfth and the beginning of the thirteenth century...
- David Raphael ben Abraham Polido (JE | WP GWP G) Satirist; flourished in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. His name, and the factthat his work was printed in Leghorn...
- David Reuben (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M714: Molko, Solomon
- David de Rocco (JE | WP GWP G) -- See R360: Roquemartine, David
- David b. Saadia (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D450: Dosa b. Saadia
- Samuel David (JE | WP GWP G) French musician; born in Paris Nov. 12, 1836; died there Oct. 3, 1895. He received his musical education at the Conservatoire...
- David ben Samuel of Estella (Kokabi) (JE | WP GWP G) Provençal scholar; flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a native of Estella, whence his name...
- Samuel ben Judah Löb David (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi; died in Dzialshitz, Poland, in 1751. He succeeded his father as rabbi of Shidlow, Poland, when the latter became...
- ) Polish rabbi; born in Lodmir or Vladimir, Volhynia, about 1586 (see Grätz, "Gesch." x. 57, and "Ḳin'at Soferim...
- David ben Saul (JE | WP GWP G) French rabbi; lived in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was the pupil of R. Solomon of Montpellier, and was one...
141 – 160
- David ben Solomon ibn Abi Zimra JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Talmudist and cabalist; born in Spain about 1479; died at Safed, Palestine, 1589. He was thirteen years of age when...
- David ibn Yahya (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I65: Ibn Yaḥya, David
- David ben Zakkai JE (JE | WP GWP G) Exilarch; known in Jewish history especially for his controversy with Saadia; died in 940. He was a relative of the prince...
- ) Town in the government of Minsk, Russia. In 1895 it had a population of 10,086, including 4,902 Jews. The latter are mostly...
- Julius Davidov (JE | WP GWP G) Russian physician; born at Goldingen, Courland, 1803; died at Moscow 1870. He graduated from the University of Dorpat in 1833...
- Judah Löb Davidovich (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebraist; born at Wilna 1855; died at Odessa Jan. 1, 1898. He spent several years of his youth workingand studying...
- Arthur Lumley Davids (JE | WP GWP G) English Orientalist; born in London 1811; died from a sudden attack of cholera July 19, 1832. At an early age he applied himself...
- : Dawison, Bogumil
- Georg Davidsohn (JE | WP GWP G) German journalist; born at Danzig, Prussia, Dec. 19, 1835; died in Berlin Feb. 6, 1897. He was originally destined for a merchant'...
- Leon Davidsohn (JE | WP GWP G) Russian publicist and translator; born at Kopil, government of Minsk, 1855. He was educated at an early age in the Talmud...
- Robert Davidsohn (JE | WP GWP G) German journalist; younger brother of Georg Davidsohn; born at Danzig April 26, 1853. He joined his brother on the editorial...
- Andrew B. Davidson JE (JE | WP GWP G) Professor of Hebrew and Oriental languages in New College, Edinburgh; born at Kirkhill, in the parish of Ellon, Aberdeenshire...
- Benjamin Davidson (JE | WP GWP G) English Orientalist of Jewish birth; died 1871. He was a worker for the British Society for the Propagation of the Gospel...
- Ellis A. Davidson (JE | WP GWP G) English author and technologist; born at Hull 1828; died at London March 9, 1878. Going early to London, he attended the School...
- Thomas Davidson JE (JE | WP GWP G) Philosopher and lecturer; born of Presbyterian parents at Deer, near Aberdeen, Scotland, Oct. 25, 1840; died at Montreal,...
- Diego Arias Davila (JE | WP GWP G) Minister and confidant of King Henry IV. of Castile; born of Jewish. parents in Segovia; died in 1466. He, together with his...
- ) Astronomer; lived in the second half of the fourteenth century. He was a disciple of Immanuel of Tarascon (France). He translated...
- ) Philanthropist; born in London 1811; died Jan. 6, 1870. Starting life as a general dealer, he soon commenced business on his...
- Frederick Davis (JE | WP GWP G) Archeologist; born at Cheltenham 1843; died in London July 14, 1900. He was the eldest son of John Davis of Derby, and was...
- James (Owen Hall) Davis (JE | WP GWP G) English playwright and journalist; born about 1848. He was educated at University College, London, and took the degree of...
161 – 180
- Maurice Davis (JE | WP GWP G) English physician and philanthropist; born Oct. 8, 1821; died in London Sept. 29, 1898. Davis was one of the earliest English...
- Miriam Isabel Davis (JE | WP GWP G) English painter; born in London, where, after making a tour of the galleries of Venice, Florence, and Rome, she began a systematic...
- Myer David Davis (JE | WP GWP G) English educationist and writer; born in London 1830. He was educated at Jews' Free School, in which he ultimately became...
- Nathan Davis (JE | WP GWP G) Traveler and archeologist; born 1812; died at Florence Jan. 6, 1882. He spent many years of his life in northern Africa, and...
- ) Actor; born at Warsaw May 15, 1818; died at Dresden Feb. 1, 1872. In his boyhood he earned a precarious living as itinerant...
- Dax (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the department of Landes, France, with a population of 11,000. The number of Jews residing there is not sufficient...
- Day (JE | WP GWP G) in the Bible, the season of light (Gen. i. 5), lasting "from dawn [lit. "the rising of the morning"] to the coming forth of...
- ) Name given to the first of Tishri, as being the New-Year's Day. In the Bible the Day of the Blowing of the Trumpet is...
- ) An essential factor in the prophetic doctrine of divine judgment at the end of time (see Eschatology), generally, though not...
- Lucky and Unlucky Days (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S1171: Superstition
- Abraham ben Isaiah Dayyan (JE | WP GWP G) Turkish rabbi; lived at Aleppo, Asiatic Turkey, in the first half of the nineteenth century. He wrote "Shir Ḥadash"...
- Dayyena (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D347: Diena
- C145: Carcass
- Duty to the Dead (JE | WP GWP G) the dead, free from all obligation (Shab. 30a), have many claims upon the living. "Their wish must be respected and fulfilled"...
- Dead Sea (JE | WP GWP G) Lake in southeast Palestine, and one of the curious natural phenomena of the earth. It occupies the lowest part of the great...
- Deaf and Dumb in Jewish Law (JE | WP GWP G) in Jewish legislation deaf and dumb persons are frequently classed with minors and idiots, and are considered unable to enter...
- ) Disease of the ear, generally beginning in infancy, causing deafness and consequent dumbness. As with blindness, Jews, at...
- Angel of Death DAB >> Death (personification) JE (JE | WP GWP G) in the Bible death is viewed under form of an angel sent from God, a being deprived of all voluntary power. The "angel of...
- Views and customs concerning death (JE | WP GWP G) the ancient Hebrews expected to "be gathered to [or sleep with] their fathers" when death befell them (Gen. xxv. 8, xlvii...
- Death (Statistics) (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M808: Mortality
181 – 200
- Debarim (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D292: Deuteronomy
- ) A Midrash or homiletic commentary on the Book of Deuteronomy. Unlike Bereshit Rabbah, the Midrash to Deuteronomy which has...
- Isaiah ben Samuel Debash (JE | WP GWP G) Provençal poet of the second half of the thirteenth century. Renan supposes that the surname "Debash" (honey) is the...
- Debe Rabbi Ishmael (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I280: Ishmael Ben Elisha
- Debir (JE | WP GWP G) A king of Eglon referred to in Josh. x. 3 et seq. The Septuagint reads Δαβὶν. Debir was one of the...
- : Holy of Holies
- Deborah (JE | WP GWP G) 1. Rebekah's nurse, who accompanied Jacob, and died on the road to Beth-el. She was buried under a terebinth ("oak" in...
- ) Name of the triumphal ode found in Judges v. 2-31 and ascribed in the title (Judges v. 1) to Deborah; it celebrates the victory...
- Deborah (JE | WP GWP G) A Jewish weekly in the German language, founded in 1855 by Isaac M. Wise and Max Lilienthal in Cincinnati, Ohio, for German...
- Debtor and Creditor (JE | WP GWP G) the law-books treat under this head the incidents of payment: the kind of money that the creditor must accept; the place at...
- Debts of Decedents (JE | WP GWP G) Under the old law as it is recognized in many passages of the Talmud (e.g., Ket. 81b) and implied in the Mishnah (Ket. ix...
- ) A word, derived from the Greek, corresponding to the Biblical ; LXX. οἷ δέκα λόγ...
- The Decalogue in Jewish Theology (JE | WP GWP G) the Ten Words are designated by Philo as κεφαλαῖα νόμων...
- C128: Capital Punishment
- ) Name of a district of Palestine that included a number of autonomous cities. According to Pliny ("Historia Naturalis," v....
- ) Clerical anti-Semitic agitator; born at Vienna 1846; died there March 21, 1901. From its beginning in the eighth decade of...
- Judah ben Benjamin Deckingen (JE | WP GWP G) German lexicographer of the sixteenth century. He was the pupil of Isaac of Ahrweiler, and lived as tutor at Wendersheim (1555)...
- Sigmund Decsey (JE | WP GWP G) Departmental president of the Supreme Court of Budapest; born in 1839 at Aszod. He studied law at Budapest; founding with...
- ) the descendants of the Arabian Dedan, spoken of (Isa. xxi. 13) as engaged in commerce. Dedan is first mentioned (Gen. x. 7...
- ) Turkish port on the Aegean Sea, at the mouth of the Maritza, near Enos, European Turkey. It has about two hundred Jews...
201 to 300
201 – 220
- Dedication (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C735: Consecration or Dedication
- ) See HanukḲah.
- Deed (JE | WP GWP G) in English law a contract under seal. To it corresponds very closely in Jewish law the "sheṭar" (lit. "writing"); the...
- Deep (JE | WP GWP G) in contradistinction to "rock," which is used figuratively for "a refuge" (Isa. xxxiii. 16; Ps. xxvii. 5, xl. 2, lxi. 3),...
- Defense (JE | WP GWP G) Means of protection from assault. In Biblical times outlying farms were protected from bands of marauders by watch-towers...
- : Psalms
- Dehavites (JE | WP GWP G) the Dehavites are mentioned among the peoples settled in Samaria who opposed the reconstruction of the Temple at Jerusalem...
- Deiches (JE | WP GWP G) Polish family; mentioned as early as the seventeenth century, and members of which are living in Russia and Austria. The relationships...
- Deism (JE | WP GWP G) A system of belief which posits God's existence as the cause of all things, and admits His perfection, but rejects Divine...
- Deity (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G282: God
- Miriam Del Banco (JE | WP GWP G) American authoress; born June 27, 1867, at New Orleans; daughter of Rabbi Max Del Banco, who died shortly after her birth...
- David Del Bene (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi; born at Mantua in the latter half of the sixteenth century; died at Ferrara in the beginning of the seventeenth...
- Judah Ashael ben Eliezer David Del Bene (V04p503001jpg) (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi; born about 1618; died at Ferrara April 2, 1678. Together with Menahem Recanati he signed a halakic decision...
- ) Polish scholar; lived in the middle of the sixteenth century. He settled early in Italy, and at one time seems to have attended...
- ) A son of Elioenai in the Davidic genealogy (I Chron. iii. 24; A. V. "Dalaiah"). The sons of Delaiah are mentioned in the long...
- Delaware (JE | WP GWP G) A state on the Atlantic seaboard of the United States. The first Jew of whom anything definite is known as a resident of the...
- Gonçalo Delgado (JE | WP GWP G) Portuguese Marano of the sixteenth century, and son of Juan Pinto Delgado; born at Tavira, where he occupied the position...
- Joseph Delgado (JE | WP GWP G) Farmer of the revenue of Lumbrales, Castile. On July 26, 1723, he, his wife Antonia de Cardenas, and his brother Gabriel Delgado...
- Juan (Moses) Pinto Delgado (JE | WP GWP G) Marano poet; born at Tavira, Portugal, about 1530; died in 1591. Going to Spain in his youth, he studied the humanities at...
- Elijah ben Abraham Deliatitz (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Talmudist and rabbi of Deliatitz; flourished at the beginning of the nineteenth century. He wrote: (1) "Shene Eliyahu"...
221 – 240
- Nissan Deliatitz (JE | WP GWP G) Russian rabbi and mathematician. He wrote "Keneh Ḥokmah," the meaning of which in Prov iv. 5 is "buy wisdom," but which...
- Delilah (JE | WP GWP G) A woman of Sorek, loved by Samson (Judges xvi. 4-20). The chief of the Philistines bribed her to discover the source of Samson'...
- Franz Delitzsch (JE | WP GWP G) Christian Hebraist; born at Leipsic Feb. 23, 1813; died there March 4, 1890. He was not of Jewish descent; although, owing...
- Delmansi (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A1483: Anaw
- Delmedigo (JE | WP GWP G) A family of German descent. About the end of the fourteenth century its founder, Judah Delmedigo, emigrated to the island...
- ) Cretan philosopher and physician; born in Candia in 1460; died there March, 1497 (Grätz, "Geschichte," 3d ed., viii....
- Elijah ben Eliezer Delmedigo (JE | WP GWP G) Cretan rabbi and Talmudist; flourished in the second half of the sixteenth and in the first of the seventeenth century in...
- Joseph Solomon Delmedigo (JE | WP GWP G) Philosopher and physician; born at Candia June 16, 1591; died at Prague Oct. 16, 1655; son of Elijah, rabbi of Candia. Joseph...
- Judah b. Elijah Delmedigo (JE | WP GWP G) Italian Talmudist; born in Candia; son of the philosopher Elijah Cretensis Delmedigo; studied at Padua under Judah Minz; he...
- Samuel ben Moses Delugtas (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D401: Dlugosz, Samuel ben Moses
- Albert Delvaille (JE | WP GWP G) French dramatic author; born at Neuilly-sur-Seine May 30, 1870. He studied at the Ecole Monge (afterward the Ecole Carnot)...
- Demai (JE | WP GWP G) Agricultural produce, the owner of which was not trusted with regard to the correct separation of the tithes. The tribe of...
- Demands (JE | WP GWP G) in law the rights which a person has to recover money or things of value from others, whether by contract or for wrongs sustained...
- Lewis Naphtali Dembitz (JE | WP GWP G) American lawyer, scholar, and author; born Feb. 3, 1833, at Zirke, in the province of Posen. Prussia; educated at the gymnasia...
- ) Galician rabbi and historian; born in Cracow June 29, 1820; died there Nov. 20, 1892. His father, Jekuthiel Solomon, a scholarly...
- Isaac Dembo (JE | WP GWP G) Russian physician; born at Poneviezh, government of Kovno, in 1846. Dembo studied Hebrew and rabbinical literature under the...
- Nicolas Dembowski (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B356: Baruch Yavan
- Demetrius DAB (JE | WP GWP G) Son-in-law of King Agrippa I. When Mariamne II., daughter of Agrippa I. and sister of Agrippa II., had put away Archelaus...
- ) Chronicler; supposed to have lived at Alexandria in the third century B.C. In a work entitled Πεί'Ι...
- Demetrius I Soter + (JE | WP GWP G) King of Syria 162-150 B.C.; son of Seleucus IV. Philopator. He was sent by his father as a hostage to Rome in place of Antiochus...
241 – 260
- Demetrius II Nicator + (JE | WP GWP G) King of Syria; son of Demetrius Soter. He was sent to Rome by his father as hostage for his fidelity. It was intended that...
- ) King of Syria; son of Antiochus Grypus. He was pretender to the throne of Antiochus X., whom he supplanted in 95 B.C. after...
- ) Prince of San-Donato, Russian jurist, and philanthropist; born in 1839; died in 1885. He was a member of a well-known Russian...
- Demoniacs in Bible and Talmud (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E553: Exorcism
- Demonology (JE | WP GWP G) Systematic knowledge concerning demons or evil spirits. Demons (Greek, δαίμονες or...
- Demophon DAB (JE | WP GWP G) Apparently an officer under Lysias' command; he was Syrian general in Palestine about 164 B.C., and as such harried the...
- Den (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Jewish weekly; published at Odessa (1869-71) by A. Zederbaum and I. Goldenblum, and edited by S. Ornstein. Among its...
- Denarius (JE | WP GWP G) Roman silver coin, which derived its name from its being at first equal to ten asses; later this number was increased to sixteen...
- ) One of the first members of the Portuguese community in Hamburg. On May 31, 1611, he with two others signed the agreement...
- Denmark (JE | WP GWP G) A kingdom of northwestern Europe. The first mention of the Danes in Jewish literature occurs in the "Yosippon" (ed. Breithaupt...
- Denver (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C681: Colorado
- Deodatus Episcopus (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E178: Elhanan b. Isaac of Dampierre
- Deposit (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B140: Bailments
- ) German-French historian; born in Münster, Germany, May 11, 1784; died in Paris Sept. 5, 1853. He went to Paris in 1803...
- : Hermeneutics
- ) Village in the government of Podolia, Russia. In 1898 it had a population of 6,118, of which 5,230 were Jews. Handicrafts...
- A419: Volhynia
- Derbent (JE | WP GWP G) Seaport in the Russian province of Daghestan (Caucasus), on the western shore of the Caspian Sea. The city of Derbent was...
- ) A goddess of the Syrians.1. Derceto is mentioned indirectly in II Macc. xii. 26, where it is related that Judas in his expeditions...
- ) Town in the government of Grodno, Russia. According to the census of 1897 it has a population of 2,289, of whom 1,573 are...
261 – 280
- Derek Erez (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E504: Etiquette
- ) One of the small treatises () of the Talmud. In the editions of the latter the treatise Derek Erez consists of three...
- ) An uncanonical treatise of the Babylonian Talmud. The name is misleading in more than one respect; the word "zuṭa" (small)...
- Derelicts (JE | WP GWP G) Things that have been abandoned ("res nullius" in the Roman law). The Talmud treats of four kinds of things that have no owner:...
- Derenburg (Derenbourg) >> Joseph Derenbourg JE, Hartwig Derenbourg (JE | WP GWP G) A Franco-German family of Orientalists. Their original home was Derenburg, a town near Halberstadt, Saxony, whence they moved...
- Heinrich Dernburg JE (JE | WP GWP G) German jurist; born at Mayence March 3, 1829; brother of Friedrich Dernburg. The Dernburgs are related to the French family...
- Derush (JE | WP GWP G) See Homiletics and Midrash.
- ) Russian poet and senator; born at Kazan July 15, 1743; died at Zvanka, government of Novgorod, July 20, 1816. In 1799 Derzhavin...
- Law of Descent (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A900: Agnates
- Desecration (JE | WP GWP G) the act of diverting from a sacred to a common use. It was forbidden, as being an act of desecration, to use the anointing-oil...
- Desert (JE | WP GWP G) -- See W183: Wilderness
- Desertion (JE | WP GWP G) Leaving husband or wife with the intention of not returning. It must be premised that, if the husband deserted his wife and...
- Dessau (JE | WP GWP G) Chief town of the duchy of Anhalt, North Germany, on the left bank of the Mulde. The settlement of Jews here dates from 1621...
- M445: Mendelssohn, Moses
- Moses b. Michael Dessau (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudist of the eighteenth century; called "Dessau" after the town in which he lived. He is the author of (1) novellæ...
- Wolf Dessau (JE | WP GWP G) -- See W239: Wolf b. Joseph of Dessau
- ) German actor; son of Leopold Dessauer; born at Breslau Jan. 29, 1836; died in Dresden April 15, 1892. He was trained for the...
- Gabriel L Dessauer (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian rabbi and author; born at Neutra, Hungary, in 1805; died June 1, 1878. He became a pupil of R. Moses Sopher (Schreiber)...
- Josef Dessauer (JE | WP GWP G) German composer; born at Prague May 28, 1798; died at Mödling, near Vienna, July 8, 1876; a pupil of Tomaczek (piano)...
- Julius Dessauer (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian writer; son of Gabriel L. Dessauer; born at Neutra 1832. He was for some years rabbi at Ujpest. He has published...
281 – 300
- ) German actor; born at Posen Dec. 15, 1810; died Dec. 30, 1874, in Berlin. Dessauer, who was known during his stage career...
- Moritz Dessauer (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi and author; son of Gabriel L. Dessauer; born at Balaton-Kojár, Hungary, May 24, 1842; died April 17, 1895...
- Felix Otto Dessoff (JE | WP GWP G) German conductor and composer; born Jan. 14, 1835, in Leipsic; died Oct. 28, 1891, at Frankfort-on-the-Main; studied with...
- Ferdinand Dessoir JE (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D277: Dessauer, Ferdinand
- Ludwig Dessoir (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D277: Dessauer, Leopold.
- Determinism (JE | WP GWP G) See Fatalism and Freewill.
- L445: Lippe
- Johann Hermann Detmold (JE | WP GWP G) German diplomat; born at Hanover July 24,1807; died there March 17, 1856. He was the son of Detmold, the court physician at...
- Samuel Detmold (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian educator and translator; lived at the end of the eighteenth and in the first half of the nineteenth century. He was...
- Detroit (JE | WP GWP G) Largest city in the state of Michigan. No authentic records of the settlement of Jews in the vicinity of Detroit, or in the...
- Deuteronomist (JE | WP GWP G) the name given by critics to the author of the discourses in Deuteronomy. See Deuteronomy. ...
- ) the fifth book of the Pentateuch, called in Hebrew "Debarim" (Words), from the opening phrase "Eleh ha-debarim."; in Rabbinical...
- Deuteronomy Rabbah JE (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D182: Debarim Rabbah
- Alexander Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) French financier; died April 18, 1889. He was head of the firm of A. Deutsch & Sons, of Paris, and was one of the most...
- Anton Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian journalist and politico-economic writer; born at Budapest Oct. 21, 1848. He studied in Budapest and Paris. Since...
- Caroline Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) German novelist; born at Namesto, a small Hungarian village, Feb. 23, 1846. Her father, a rabbi, was German in culture, and...
- David Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi; born at Zülz, Silesia, 1810; died at Sohrau, Silesia, July 31, 1873. He was brought up by his relative...
- David Deutsch (Aaron) (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian rabbi and Talmudic author; born in Raudnitz, Bohemia, about 1812; died at Balassa-Gyarmath, Hungary, April 26, 1878...
- David b. Menahem Mandel Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian rabbi and Talmudist; born about 1760; died in 1830 at Novo Mesto (Waag-Neustadtl), Hungary. He officiated first...
- ) Orientalist; born at Neisse, in Silesia, Oct. 28, 1829; died at Alexandria, Egypt, May 12, 1873. His early training was conducted...
301 to 400
301 – 320
- Gotthard Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) Theologian; born at Kanitz, Austria, Jan. 31, 1859. The descendant of a rabbinical family (see Braunschweig, Jacob Eliezer)...
- ) Hungarian merchant and financier; born at Arad Nov. 17, 1852. He was educated in Budapest and Berlin. As the head of the firm...
- Heinrich Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian educator; born at Trencsen-Bán June 12, 1819; died at Budapest Dec. 18, 1889. After teaching in the elementary...
- Israel Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi; born in Zülz, Prussian Silesia, April 2, 1800; died in Beuthen June 7, 1853. From 1829 until his death...
- Joel Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) Hebraist and teacher of deaf-mutes; born in Nikolsburg, Moravia, March 20, 1813; died in Vienna May 1, 1899. Deutsch is remembered...
- Mordecai ben Enoch Judah Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Kolin, Bohemia, and its subordinate communities; he flourished at the beginning of the eighteenth century. He was...
- Nieto Redivivus Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D303: Deutsch, Heinrich
- Simon Deutsch (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian Hebraist and revolutionist; died at Constantinople March 24, 1877. As a young man he devoted himself to Hebrew studies...
- Deutsch-Israelitischer Gemeindebund (JE | WP GWP G) -- See D309: Gemeindebund, Deutsch-Israelitischer
- Elijah ben Isaac Deutz (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbinical author; lived at Hamburg in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He was the author of "Pi Eliyahu" (Mouth...
- Emmanuel (Menahem) Deutz (JE | WP GWP G) Chief rabbi of the Central Consistory of the Jews of France; born at Coblenz, in Rhenish Prussia, 1763; died Jan. 31, 1842...
- ) Village in the government of Wilna, Russia. The census of 1898 shows a population of 1,877, of whom 1,283 are Jews. Of the...
- Devil (JE | WP GWP G) See Demonology and Satan.
- Devotion (JE | WP GWP G) the state of religious consecration. It is the most essential element in worship; so that a divine service without it is "like...
- ) Aside from the regular prayers, which are treated under Liturgy, there exists a literature of private devotions, prayers offered...
- Dew (JE | WP GWP G) Moisture condensed from the atmosphere and gathered in small drops, specially upon the upper surface of plants. In Palestine...
- The : Ṭal
- Diego de Deza (JE | WP GWP G) Second inquisitor-general; Bishop of Salamanca, and professor of theology at the university of that city; subsequently Archbishop...
- ) Jewish King of Yemen, 515-525. According to the Arabian historians the name "Dhu Nuwas" was given him on account of his curly...
- El Dia (JE | WP GWP G) Title of a Jewish periodical written in Judæo-Spanish and printed in rabbinical characters. It was published at Philippopolis...
321 – 340
- ) A constitutional disorder of nutrition, characterized by the persistent elimination of grape-sugar in the urine. It is considered...
- Diadem (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C901: Crown
- Dial (JE | WP GWP G) Device for displaying the time by means of the shadow of a gnomon or style thrown by the rays of the sun on a graduated disk...
- P199: Periodicals
- P318: Pilpul
- ) Under this heading are considered the various forms of those languages, other than Hebrew, which have been spoken or written...
- Félix Dias (JE | WP GWP G) French painter; born at Bordeaux 1794; died May 29, 1817. From his earliest youth he betrayed marked talent for painting....
- ) Author, publisher, and bookseller of Amsterdam. In 1695 he published Joseph Franco Serrano's Spanish translation of the...
- Diaspora (JE | WP GWP G) the Jews in their dispersion through the Greco-Roman world. In the present article the Jewish race is considered in its relations...
- Diathesis (JE | WP GWP G) A predisposition to certain forms of disease. It has been observed by physicians at all times that some races are more prone...
- Diaz (Dias) de Soria (JE | WP GWP G) A family of Bordeaux which derived its name from the Spanish town Soria. There is nothing to definitely warrant the belief...
- ) Transmigrated souls. "Dibbuk" (lit. "something that cleaves unto something else") is a colloquial equivalent, common...
- ) According to the Masorah and Septuagint, which the R. V. follows, "Diblah" is the name of a place mentioned in Ezek. vi. 14...
- ) A very ancient town, situated from three to five miles (Baedeker, "Palestine," p. 193) north of the River Arnon (Tristram...
- Dice (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G58: Gambling
- Isaac Mayer Dick JE (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebraist and novelist; born in Wilna 1808 (of the various dates the one given by "Achiasaf" is probably most...
- Leopold Dick (JE | WP GWP G) German artist and professor of engraving; born 1817; died June 23, 1854. He studied art at the Royal Academy of Munich, and...
- Charles Dickens (JE | WP GWP G) English novelist; born Feb. 7, 1812, at 387 Mile End Terrace, Commercial Road, Landport, Portsea; died June 9, 1870, at Gadshill...
- ) Collections of articles in alphabetical order treating of the various biographical, archeological, geographical, and other...
- Hebrew Dictionaries (JE | WP GWP G) the earliest known work giving a lexical survey of part of the Hebrew language, with comments, is the dictionary of Biblical...
341 – 360
- Didache (JE | WP GWP G) A manual of instruction for proselytes, adopted from the Synagogue by early Christianity, and transformed by alteration and...
- C273: Catechumens, House of
- ) A Greek work, in eight books, containing regulations of Church life, better known under the name of "Apostolic Constitutions...
- Denis Diderot (JE | WP GWP G) French philosopher and encyclopedist; born at Langres Oct. 5, 1713; died at Paris July 30, 1784. Although, like all the French...
- ) See Numismatics and Weights and Measures.
- Diego de Valencia (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish troubadour of the fifteenth century; born of Jewish parentage at Valencia de Don Juan, in the kingdom of Leon. After...
- Azriel ben Solomon Diena (Dayyena) (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi at Sabbionetta; died 1536. He was a disciple of Nathaniel Trabotto, and is mentioned with respect by R. Meïr Katzenellenbogen...
- David Diena (Dayyena) (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi; he lived at Rovigo at the end of the seventeenth century. He was consulted on Talmudic matters by R. Nathaniel...
- ) Yiddish novelist; born in Zagory (Zagaren), Russia, in 1859. He is one of the most popular Yiddish novelists of the latter...
- Diessenhofen (JE | WP GWP G) City in the Swiss canton of Thurgau, connected by a bridge with the village of Gailingen in Baden. It attracted the Jews in...
- ) Biblical and rabbinical regulations concerning forbidden food. Vegetable Food.A. The ancient Israelites lived chiefly on...
- ) the Mohammedan dietary laws are neither as rigorous nor as numerous as in Judaism. They were not introduced into the religious...
- ) Capital of the department of Basses-Alpes, France. There was a Jewish community here as early as the thirteenth century. Salve...
- Dijon (JE | WP GWP G) Chief town of the department of Côte-d'Or, France. Jews have been settled here from time immemorial. They occupied...
- : Grammar, Hebrew
- ) A son of Joktan (Gen. x. 27, and the corresponding genealogical list, I Chron. i. 21). The names of the other sons of Joktan...
- August Dillmann (JE | WP GWP G) German theologian and Orientalist; born at Illingen, Württemberg, April 25, 1823; died at Berlin July 4, 1894. When Hengstenberg...
- Eliezer Dillon (JE | WP GWP G) Russian army contractor; born at Nesvizh, government of Minsk, in the second half of the eighteenth century; died at Wilna...
- Maria Lvovna Dillon (JE | WP GWP G) Russian sculptress; born at St. Petersburg in 1859. She entered the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts at St. Petersburg in 1875...
- Mark Lvovich Dillon (JE | WP GWP G) Russian jurist; born at Ponevyezh Feb., 1843; educated at the yeshibah of Wilna, the gymnasium of his native town, and the...
361 – 380
- Dimi (JE | WP GWP G) Amora of the fourth century who often carried Palestinian doctrinal and exegetical remarks to the Babylonian schools, and...
- Din (JE | WP GWP G) Signifies (1) argument; (2) judgment; (3) laws and rules which form the basis of arguments and judgments; (4) justice, the...
- Giacomo Dina (JE | WP GWP G) Italian deputy and journalist; born at Turin in 1824; died there July 16, 1879. The son of poor parents, he became a teacher...
- Dinah JE (JE | WP GWP G) "Dinah" is the name of Jacob's daughter by Leah (Gen. xxx. 21). Shechem, the son of Hamor the Hivite, seduces her while...
- Dinaites (JE | WP GWP G) A tribe mentioned in Ezra iv. 9 as having settled in Samaria, and as opposing and denouncing the efforts of the Jews to rebuild...
- Dinhabah (JE | WP GWP G) City mentioned in the Old Testament as the capital of Idumea, and probably the birthplace of Bela, son of Beor, King of Edom...
- Diniz (JE | WP GWP G) King of Portugal (1279-1325), and styled "the father of his country"; one of the most tolerant rulers of his time, and well...
- : Sepphoris
- Diocletian (JE | WP GWP G) Roman emperor (285-305). Although he was the son of Dalmatian slaves (Eutropius, ix. 19), he rose to the highest honors by...
- Diodatus (JE | WP GWP G) Ruler of Syria 141-138 B.C.; born at Kasiana near Apamea. Originally an officer in the army of Alexander Balas, he opposed...
- Justiniano Alvares Da Annunciação Diogo (JE | WP GWP G) Archbishop of Cranganor; born at Lisbon in 1654; died at Evora Oct. 28, 1713. Doctor of theology and canon in ordinary, he...
- ) Historian; born about 155 at Nicæa in Bithynia; held the highest offices of state in the Roman empire; became consul...
- ) Historic notices regarding a supposed festival of Dionysus in Judea do not antedate the time of the Maccabees. The general...
- ) Greek physician of the first century. His "Materia Medica" is mentioned in a Hebrew medical work called "Midrash ha-Refu'...
- Diospolis (JE | WP GWP G) -- See L640: Lydda, Council of
- Dirge (JE | WP GWP G) -- See K219: Kinah
- Legal Disabilities (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B1131: Blemish
- ) J. E. Scherer in his "Die Rechtsverhältnisse der Juden in den Deutsch-Oesterreichischen Ländern" (Leipsic, 1901)...
- Discount (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C693: Commerce
- M325: Medicine in Bible and Talmud
381 – 400
- Dishon (JE | WP GWP G) 1. A son of Seir, and head of the aboriginal Idumean tribes (Gen. xxxvi. 21, 30; I Chron. i. 38; compare 41). 2. A son of...
- ) the act of exhumation, or taking out of the earth or the grave. The removal of dead bodies from one place of burial to another...
- ) Russian rabbi; born at Grodno, Russia, Dec. 10, 1818; died at Jerusalem Jan. 22, 1898. At thirteen he married Sarah, the daughter...
- ) Town in the government of Wilna, Russia. According to the census of 1897, it has a population of 6,739, about 5,600 being...
- David ben Joel Dispeck (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudic scholar and homilist; born about the year 1744. He studied in the yeshibah under Joshua Cohen, among his companions...
- Disputations >> Disputation of Paris, Disputation of Barcelona REF:JE, Disputation of Tortosa (JE | WP GWP G) Public debates on religious subjects between Jews and non-Jews. Religious differences have at all times induced serious-minded...
- ) English merchant and financier; born in Venice Sept. 22, 1730; died at Stoke Newington, London, in 1816. He went to England...
- ) English statesman; born at London, England, Dec. 21, 1804; died there April 19, 1881. The son of Isaac D'Israeli, he was...
- Isaac D'Israeli (JE | WP GWP G) English author; born at Enfield, Middlesex, May, 1766; died at Bradenham Jan. 19, 1848. He was the only son of Benjamin D'...
- Disraeli Pedigree (JE | WP GWP G) the following is a genealogical tree of the Disraeli family: (see image) Lord Beaconsfield could trace his ancestry only back...
- Distaff (JE | WP GWP G) A stick on which flax or wool was wound ready for hand-spinning before the spinning-wheel came into use. It was held under...
- Leopold Ritter von Dittel JE (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian surgeon; born at Fulneck, Moravia, May 15, 1815; died at Vienna July 28, 1898. He was educated at the gymnasia of...
- Abraham Samuel Divekar (JE | WP GWP G) Beni-Israel soldier; born near Bombay about 1830. He enlisted in the Nineteenth Regiment native infantry March 1, 1851; was...
- Samuel Ezekiel (Samajee Hasajee) Divekar (JE | WP GWP G) Soldier in the service of the East India Company and second founder of the Beni-Israel congregation of Bombay; born at Cochin...
- Divination (JE | WP GWP G) the forecasting of the future by certain signs or movements of external things, or by visions in certain ecstatic states of...
- : Judgment, Divine
- L475: Liturgy
- Divorce (JE | WP GWP G) Dissolution of marriage. The origin of the Jewish law of divorce is found in the constitution of the patriarchal family. The...
- Dizahab (JE | WP GWP G) Name occurring but once in the Bible—in the topographical description in Deut. i. 1. Its identity has not been successfully...
- P401: Poland
401 to 500
401 – 420
- Samuel b. Moses Dlugosz (JE | WP GWP G) Biblical commentator and poet of the seventeenth century; born in Grodno, Lithuania. He edited the Prophets and the Hagiographa...
- Dob Baer b. Judah Loeb (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T321: Treves
- Dob Baer b. Loeb (JE | WP GWP G) Polish rabbi; died in Lemberg 1779. In 1745 he was rabbi at Koznitz in the government of Lublin; in 1754, rabbi of Kroshnik...
- Dobritz (JE | WP GWP G) Town in Bulgaria, twenty-six miles north of Varna. It contains about 200 Jews in a total population of 14,000. This little...
- Dobroje (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H428: Mohilev Government
- : Krerson
- ) Austrian writer and poet; born July 12, 1753, in Brünn, Moravia; guillotined April 5, 1793, at Paris. The son of a wealthy...
- ) Russian Hebraist and exegete; born in Pinsk Oct. 17, 1843; died in New York Jan. 14, 1900. At the age of thirteen he had written...
- ) Hungarian poet; born at Sopron [Oedenburg], Hungary, Nov. 30, 1845. After finishing his preliminary education he studied law...
- Dodai (Dudai) ben Nahman (JE | WP GWP G) Babylonian scholar of the eighth century and gaon of the academy at Pumbedita (761-764). Little is known of his life. He was...
- Dodanim (JE | WP GWP G) Name of sons of Javan, brothers to Elishah, Tarshish, and the Kittim, in the ethnographic table in Genesis (x. 4). The ancestor...
- ) the father of Eliezer of Mareshah (II Chron. xx. 37). The latter preached against the alliance between Jehoshaphat and Ahaziah...
- Dodo (JE | WP GWP G) 1. The father of Eleazar, "one of the three mighty men with David, when they defiedthe Philistines that were there gathered...
- Doeg (JE | WP GWP G) An Edomite; chief of the herdsmen of Saul. When David, warned by Jonathan, fled from Saul to the priest Abimelech at Nob,...
- Dog (JE | WP GWP G) the dog referred to in the Bible is the semisavage species seen throughout the East, held in contempt for its fierce, unsympathetic...
- Christian Wilhelm von Dohm (JE | WP GWP G) German historian and political writer; advocate of the Jews, and friend of Moses Mendelssohn; born in Lemgo Dec. 11, 1751...
- ) Town in the government of Minsk, Russia. The census of 1897 shows a population of 3,647 (other authorities place it at 5,720)...
- Dolan Bellan (JE | WP GWP G) French physician; lived at Carcassonne in the fourteenth century. He was a contemporary of the physician Jacob de Lunel, who...
- Selina Dolaro (JE | WP GWP G) Anglo-American actress and singer; born at London in 1852; died in New York city Jan. 23, 1889. She studied music at the Paris...
- Menahem Mendel Dolitzki (JE | WP GWP G) Russian Hebrew poet; born in Byelostok April 3, 1856. He began to compose poetry and prose very early, often supplementing...
421 – 440
- ) As distinguished from private domain (), public domain is prominent in many branches of rabbinic lore, especially in the law...
- Dombrova (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G439: Grodno
- ) Town in the government of Volhynia, Russia. It has a total population of about 25,000, including 6,000 Jews, about 1,000 of...
- Esther Domeier (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B879: Bernard
- ) Place of abode; dwelling; the place where a man has his true, fixed, permanent home and principal establishment, and to which...
- Dominicans (JE | WP GWP G) -- See F384: Friars
- ) Talmudist, physician, author, and expurgator of Hebrew books; born in Safed, Palestine, about 1550; died in Italy about 1620...
- Domitian (JE | WP GWP G) Roman emperor 81-96; born in 51; assassinated in 96. In 69, when his father Vespasian was proclaimed emperor, Domitian was...
- Flavia Domitilla (JE | WP GWP G) -- See F198: Flavia Domitilla
- Domninus (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish philosopher; lived between 400 and 480. He was a native of Laodicea, or Larissa, in Syria; the pupil of Syrian, whom...
- Domus Conversorum (JE | WP GWP G) House in London founded by order of Henry III. in the year 1232 to provide a home and free maintenance for Jews converted...
- Eduard Donath (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian chemist; born in Wsetin, Moravia, Dec. 8, 1848. He became assistant in Zinřck's chemical institute in Berlin...
- Leopold Donath (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi; born 1845 at Waag-Neustadtl, Hungary; died 1876 at Güstrow, Mecklenburg; pupil of Israel Hildesheimer. After studying...
- Cesare Donati (JE | WP GWP G) Italian novelist; born at Lugo, Romagna, Sept. 21, 1826. Persecuted by the Austrian government for having taken part in the...
- Marco Donati (JE | WP GWP G) Italian lawyer; born in Padua Sept. 4, 1842; died at Terni June 11, 1901. Before he had completed his academic career he left...
- Donato D'Orvieto (JE | WP GWP G) -- See N105: Nathan Jedidiah ben Eliezer
- Nicholas Donin of La Rochelle JE (JE | WP GWP G) Jewish convert to Christianity; lived at Paris in the first half of the thirteenth century. Having expressed his doubts as...
- Dönmeh (JE | WP GWP G) A sect of crypto-Jews, descendants of the followers of Shabbethai Zebi, living to-day mostly in Salonica, European Turkey:...
- ) Italian physician, and writer on medicine and astrology; born at Oria, in 913; died after 982. When twelve years of age he...
- ) Doors were suspended and moved by means of pivots of wood ("potot") which projected from the ends of the two folds above and...
441 – 460
- ) Rabbi about 1150; he traveled much, and knew Poland, Russia, Bohemia, France, and Germany from his own observations. Some...
- Doris DAB (JE | WP GWP G) First wife of Herod, whom he married about 45 B.C. The names of her parents are not mentioned, probably because they belonged...
- David Abravanel Dormido (JE | WP GWP G) Warden of the Jewish communities at Amsterdam and London in the seventeenth century; born in one of the principal cities of...
- Meïr ha-Levi Dormitzer (JE | WP GWP G) Austrian scholar; died at Prague Jan. 25, 1743. He was the author of a work entitled "Ha'atakah" (Translation),...
- Doros (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C888: Crimea
- Dorotheus DAB (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Nathanael; one of the embassy sent by the Jews to Rome in 45 C.E., and which induced the emperor Claudius to consent...
- Dortmund (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the circle of the same name, in the district of Arnsberg and the Prussian province of Westphalia, situated on the...
- Dosa (JE | WP GWP G) Father of the tannaite Ḥanina b. Dosa, famous for his piety.S. S. W. B. ...
- Dosa (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian amora, probably of the fourth century. The Jerusalem Talmud has preserved two of his halakic decisions, and Midrashic...
- Dosa ben Saadia (JE | WP GWP G) Son of Saadia Alfayyumi. Dosa was a Talmudic scholar and philosopher, but he did not succeed his father as gaon. A responsum...
- Dosa b. Tebet (JE | WP GWP G) Palestinian amora of the fourth century, in whose name the following curious sentences on the two most dangerous instincts...
- Dosetai JE (JE | WP GWP G) A name, corresponding to the Hebrew "Mattaniah" or "Nethaneel," which seems to have been a favorite one both in Palestine...
- Dositheus JE (JE | WP GWP G) Founder of a Samaritan sect; lived probably in the first century of the common era. According to Pseudo-Tertullian ("Adversus...
- : Russia
- Dough (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H138: Ḥallah
- ) One of the most familiar species of pigeon. The most common term for dove in the O. T. is "yonah," comprising the whole family...
- Dowry (JE | WP GWP G) the portion or property which a wife brings to her husband in marriage. In patriarchal times the dowry was not known. As among...
- L475: Liturgy
- Abraham Drabkin (JE | WP GWP G) Chief rabbi of St. Petersburg, Russia; born of an old-established family at Mohilev on the Dnieper in 1844. When only a boy...
- David Paul Drach (JE | WP GWP G) Librarian of the Propaganda in Rome; born at Strasburg March 6, 1791; died in Rome Jan., 1865. Drach received his early education...
461 – 480
- Drachma (JE | WP GWP G) See Numismatics and Weights.
- Bernard Drachman (JE | WP GWP G) American educator and rabbi; born in New York city June 27, 1861. He is a descendant of a rabbinical family, and was educated...
- El Dragoman (JE | WP GWP G) Title of a Jewish periodical written in Judæo-Spanish and printed in square Hebrew characters, published in Vienna in...
- Dragon (JE | WP GWP G) the usual translation of the Septuagint for , dangerous monster whose bite is poisonous ("dragons' poison") (Deut. xxxii...
- Draguignan (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the department of Var, France. There was a Jewish community here in the thirteenth century. The poet Isaac Gorni...
- Drama (JE | WP GWP G) City of European Turkey in the vilayet of Salonica, 25 miles from Serrès. It is the ancient Drabescus. Its small Jewish...
- Hebrew Drama (JE | WP GWP G) the origin of the Hebrew drama may be traced back to a very early period. The ancient Hebrews, like other nations of antiquity...
- The Jew in Modern Drama (JE | WP GWP G) General Characteristics. The modern drama, which may be said to date from Christopher Marlowe and Shakespeare, has made liberal...
- ) the dramatic part of Yiddish literature has had a less independent development than any other of its parts, and is consequently...
- Drawer of Water (JE | WP GWP G) A proverbial expression always found in connection with "hewer of wood" (Deut. xxix. 11; Josh. ix. 21, 23, 27). When the fraud...
- ) Dreams have at all times and among all peoples received much attention. In the youth of a nation, as in the youth of an individual...
- Markus G. Dreyfus (JE | WP GWP G) Swiss teacher and editor; born at Endingen, canton Aargau, Switzerland, 1812; died at Zurich May 30, 1877. After attending...
- Menahem ben Abraham Dreifus (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi and writer; he belonged to the widely related Treves family and signed himself . For many decades he was rabbi...
- Leopold Dreschfeld (JE | WP GWP G) Physician and communal worker; born in Bamberg, Bavaria, 1824; died at Manchester, England, Oct. 21, 1897. He studied medicine...
- Dresden (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the kingdom of Saxony; situated on both banks of the Elbe. The presence of Jews in the city or in its vicinity...
- Dreux (JE | WP GWP G) Chief town of the arrondissement of the department of Eure-et-Loire, France. From the twelfth century, Jews were living in...
- Abraham Dreyfus (JE | WP GWP G) French journalist and dramatist; born at Paris June 21, 1847. His first literary efforts took the form of two poetic fantasies...
- : Dreyfus Case
- ) French politician and deputy; born at Paris May 5, 1849. He became editor of the "Siècle," and was elected by the Republican...
- Ferdinand-Camille Dreyfus JE (JE | WP GWP G) French politician; born in Paris Aug. 19, 1851. After a classical and commercial education he prepared himself for the Ecole...
481 – 500
- Samuel Dreyfus (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi of Mülhausen, Alsace; died June, 1870. He was one of the earliest pupils of the rabbinical school of Metz, having...
- ) Memorable trials of Capt. Alfred Dreyfus, officer in the French army, in 1894 and 1899, involving political complications...
- Louis Lucien Dreyfus-Brisac (JE | WP GWP G) French physician; born at Strasburg Feb. 3, 1849; died May 5, 1903; studied in his native city, and afterward at the Paris...
- Dribin (JE | WP GWP G) See Mohilev Government.
- : Sacrifice, The
- ) Less is known of the form and material of the drinking-vessels of the Hebrews than of those of the Greeks and the Romans....
- ) Russian city in the government of Vitebsk. The population in 1897 was 4,237, of whom 2,856 were Jews. There were 657 artisans...
- Samuel Rolles Driver (JE | WP GWP G) English Christian Hebraist; born at Southampton Oct. 2, 1846; regius professor of Hebrew (in succession to Pusey), and canon...
- Israel Nahman ben Joseph Drohobiczer (JE | WP GWP G) Talmudic scholar and preacher of Stanislaw (according to Ghirondi he came from Ostrog, Russia); died at Safed early in the...
- Dromedary (JE | WP GWP G) A variety or choice breed of the camel proper, or one-humped camel; much tallerand longer in the leg than the ordinary camel...
- Moses Aaron Dropsie (JE | WP GWP G) American lawyer, and president of Gratz College; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 9, 1821; died there July 8, 1905. He began...
- : Grodno
- Hayyim b. Jacob Drucker (JE | WP GWP G) Printer of Amsterdam at the end of the seventeenth and the beginning of the eighteenth century. His activity as a typesetter...
- ) Musician; born in Russian Poland Dec. 31, 1861. At the age of five he began the study of the violin under his father, and...
- : Kovno
- ) French anti-Semitic author and former deputy from Algeria; born at Paris on May 3, 1844. Drumont's ancestry is not Jewish...
- ) the Talmud speaks only once of drunkenness in its relation to responsibility for contracts or for crimes; namely, in the following...
- Drusilla (JE | WP GWP G) Daughter of Agrippa I. and Cypros (Josephus, "Ant." xviii. 5, § 4; idem, "B. J." ii. 11, § 6); born in 38. She was...
- Dual (JE | WP GWP G) Form of a noun or verb indicating its application to two persons or things. Arabic is the only Semitic language that has the...
- Dualism (JE | WP GWP G) the system in theology which explains the existence of evil by assuming two coeternal principles—one good, the other...
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