Xakriabá language
| Xakriabá | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Xakriabá people |
| Extinct | 1864 |
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | xkr |
| Glottolog | xakr1238 |
| ELP | Xakriabá |
Xakriabá (also called Chakriaba, Chikriaba, Shacriaba or Shicriabá)Xakriabá people, who today speak Portuguese.[2] The language is known through two short wordlists collected by Augustin Saint-Hilaire and Wilhelm Ludwig von Eschwege.[3]: 14
The last confirmed native speaker of the language died in 1864.[citation needed]
Phonology
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ĩ | ɨ | u ũ |
| Mid | e ẽ | ə | o õ |
| Open-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Open | a ã |
- /i/ can also be heard as [ɪ] in shortened positions.
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stop
|
voiceless | p | t | k | ||
| voiced | b | d | ||||
Fricative
|
voiceless | s | (ʃ) | h | ||
| voiced | z | (ʒ) | ||||
| Nasal | m | n | ||||
| Tap | ɾ | |||||
Approximant
|
w | (j) | ||||
- Sounds [j] is heard from /i/ before other vowels or within diphthongs.
- Sounds [ʃ ʒ] are heard as allophones of /s z/.
- Sounds [tʃ dʒ ɲ] are heard as allophones of /t d n/ when palatalized before /i/.
- [ɡ] can be heard as an allophone of /k/.[4]
History
Before 1712, Xakriabá was originally spoken along the
Xerente dialect.[5]
References
- ^ "Shakriabá". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
- ISBN 9780700711970.
- ^ Nikulin, Andrey (2020). Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo (PDF) (Ph.D. dissertation). Brasília: Universidade de Brasília.
- ^ Rodrigues Mota, Liliane (2020). Estudo Sobre o Léxico Akwe Xakriabá: Uma Proposta de Escrita e Uma Chamada para a Revitalização da Língua. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
- ^
- ^ Saint-Hilaire, Auguste de. 2000. Viagem pelas províncias do Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte: Editora Itatiaia.
- ^ Saint-Hilaire, Auguste de. 1975. Viagem à província de Goiás. Belo Horizonte: Editora Itatiaia.
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