1,2-Dichlorobenzene
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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
1,2-Dichlorobenzene | |||
Other names
ortho-Dichlorobenzene, o-Dichlorobenzene, odcb, o-Dichlorobenzol
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Identifiers | |||
3D model (
JSmol ) |
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ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard
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100.002.206 | ||
EC Number |
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KEGG | |||
PubChem CID
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UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
C6H4Cl2 | |||
Molar mass | 147.01 g/mol | ||
Appearance | colourless liquid | ||
Odor | Naphthalene-like | ||
Density | 1.30 g/cm3 | ||
Melting point | −17.03 °C (1.35 °F; 256.12 K) | ||
Boiling point | 180.19 °C (356.34 °F; 453.34 K)[3] | ||
0.01%[2] | |||
Vapor pressure | 1 mmHg (20°C) | ||
-84.26·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Refractive index (nD)
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1.54920 | ||
Viscosity | 1.0656 (20 °C) | ||
Hazards | |||
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Ingestion hazards
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Mildly toxic | ||
Inhalation hazards
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Causes respiratory tract irritation | ||
Eye hazards
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Causes eye irritation | ||
Skin hazards
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Causes skin irritation | ||
Flash point | 66 °C (151 °F; 339 K) | ||
Explosive limits
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2.2%-9.2%[2] | ||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose)
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500 mg/kg (oral, rat, rabbit) 200 mg/kg (oral, guinea pig) 436 mg/kg (oral, mouse)[4] | ||
LCLo (lowest published)
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1000 ppm (guinea pig, 20 hr) 800 ppm (guinea pig, 24 hr) 821 ppm (rat, 7 hr)[4] | ||
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
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C 50 ppm (300 mg/m3)[2] | ||
REL (Recommended)
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C 50 ppm (300 mg/m3)[2] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
200 ppm[2] | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related compounds
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1,2-Difluorobenzene 1,2-Dibromobenzene | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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1,2-Dichlorobenzene, or orthodichlorobenzene (ODCB), is an
It is mainly used as a
Production and uses
1,2-Dichlorobenzene is obtained as a side-product of the production of chlorobenzene:
- C
6H
5Cl + Cl
2 → C
6H
4Cl
2 + HCl
The reaction also affords the 1,4- and small amounts of the 1,3-isomer. The 1,4- isomer is preferred over the 1,2- isomer due to
It is mainly used as a precursor to
1,2-Dichlorobenzene is also used in softening and removing carbon-based contamination on metal surfaces.[7]
Safety
Data from human exposure to 1,2-dichlorobenzene shows that concentrations of 100 ppm have been reported to cause sporadic irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract.[8] The Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health have set occupational exposure limits at a ceiling of 50 ppm, over an eight-hour workday.[9]
See also
- Chlorobenzenes—different numbers of chlorine substituents and isomeric forms
References
- ^ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 3044
- ^ a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0189". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ISSN 0021-9568.
- ^ a b "o-Dichlorobenzene". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 4 December 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
- ^ Gerald Booth (2007). "Nitro Compounds, Aromatic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.
- ^ "Battle of the Beetles". 25 July 2011. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved 22 April 2018 – via YouTube.
- ^ Technical Order 2J-1-13
- ^ "CDC - Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH): o-Dichlorobenzene - NIOSH Publications and Products". www.cdc.gov. 16 November 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
- ^ "CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards -o-Dichlorobenzene". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 22 April 2018.