7th century BC
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The 7th century BC began the first day of 700 BC and ended the last day of 601 BC.
The Neo-Assyrian Empire continued to dominate the Near East during this century, exercising formidable power over neighbors like Babylon and Egypt. In the last two decades of the century, however, the empire began to unravel as numerous enemies made alliances and waged war from all sides. The Assyrians finally left the world stage permanently when their capital Nineveh was destroyed in 612 BC. These events gave rise to the Neo-Babylonian Empire, which would dominate the region for much of the following century.
The
26th dynasty starting with the coronation of Psamtik I
.
Events
690s BC
- Elamite Empire.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- 696 BC: The Cimmerians ravage Phrygia, possible migration of the Armenians.
- Elam in the Battle of Halule.
- 690 BC: Taharqa, a king of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty, ascends the throne of Egypt (approximate date).
- D'mt in Ethiopiaappears in the inscriptional record and mentions the king of Saba', Karib'il Watar.
- c. 690 BC-The British Museum, London.
680s BC
- 689 BC: King Sennacherib of Assyria sacks Babylon.
- 687 BC: Gyges becomes king of Lydia.
- 687 BC: Hezekiah succeeded by Manasseh as king of Judah.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- 681 BC: Esarhaddon succeeds Sennacherib as king of Assyria.
670s BC
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- Arab tribes, advances as far as the Brook of Egypt.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- 675 BC: Esarhaddon begins the rebuilding of Babylon.
- is able to hold the invaders off.
- 673 BC: Tullus Hostilius becomes king of Rome.
- 671 BC: Esarhaddon again invades Egypt, capturing Memphis as well as a number of the royal family.
660s BC
- Assurbanipal succeeds his father Esarhaddon as king of Assyria.
- battle of Hysiae.
- Shamash-shum-ukin, son of Esarhaddon, becomes King of Babylon.
- 668 BC: Egypt revolts against Assyria.
- 668 BC: Nineveh, capital of Assyria becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Thebes in Egypt.[1]
- 667 BC: Byzantium founded by Megaran colonists under Byzas. (traditional date)
- Corcyra.
- Assurbanipal captures and sacks Thebes, Egypt.
- Psammetichus I succeeds Necho I as king of Lower Egypt.
- 664 BC: Taharqa appoints his nephew Tantamani as his successor of Upper Egypt.
- February 11, 660 BC—Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.
- 660 BC: First known use of the Demotic script.
- .
- 660 BC: Estimated date of the impact that created the Kaali crater
650s BC
- The Spartan Creed by Ancient Greek poet Tyrtaeus
- Piedras Negras, Guatemala.
- 657 BC: Cypselus becomes the first tyrant of Corinth.
- Psammetichus extends his control over all of Egypt. End of Twenty-fifth Dynasty.
- Elamite Empire.
- 653 BC: Atlanersa becomes ruler of the Napatan kingdom of Kush after the collapse of the 25th Dynasty of Egypt.
- Shamash-shum-ukin against the Assyrians.
- Persia.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- Clazomenae.
- European continent.
640s BC
- 640s BC: Assyrian king Ashurbanipal founds library, which included our earliest complete copy of the Epic of Gilgamesh.
- Elamite Empire.
- Shamash-shum-ukin is crushed by the Assyrians.
- 648 BC: Pankration becomes an event at the Ancient Olympic Games.
- April 6, 648 BC: Earliest Greek-chronicled solar eclipse.[2]
- Assurbanipal of Assyria sacks Susa.
- 642 BC: Ancus Marcius becomes king of Rome (traditional date).
- c.641 BC: Josiah becomes king of Judah.
- Khumma-Khaldash III, annexes Elam, and lays waste the country.[3]
630s BC
- Acropolisin a failed attempt to become king.
- 632 BC: In the Battle of Chengpu, the Chinese kingdom of Jin and her allies defeat the kingdom of Chu and her allies.
- 631 BC: Founding of Cyrene, a Greek colony in Libya (North Africa) (approximate date).
- Sadyates becomes king of Lydia.
620s BC
- Assur-etel-ilani(approximate date).
- 626 BC: Nabopolassar revolts against Assyria, founds the Neo-Babylonian Empire.
- (approximate date).
- Assur-etel-ilani as king of Assyria(approximate date).
- Deuteronomy found in the Temple in Jerusalem. The Hebrew prophet Ezekielsaid to be born this year.
610s BC
- Alyattes becomes king of Lydia.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- 616 BC: Lucius Tarquinius Priscus becomes king of Rome.
- Babylonians.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- Sin-shar-ishkun of Assyriais killed in the sack.
- 612 BC: Ashur-uballit II attempts to keep the Assyrian empire alive by establishing himself as king at Harran.
- 612 BC: Babylon, capital of Babylonia becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Nineveh, capital of Assyria.[1]
- Psammetichus I as king of Egypt.
600s BC
- 609 BC: King Josiah of Judah dies in the Battle of Megiddo against Pharaoh Necho II of Egypt, who is on his way north to aid the rump Assyrian state of Ashur-uballit II.
- king, disappears from history.
- in his place.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- Zhou Dynasty of China.
- .
- 605 BC: Nebuchadnezzar II succeeds his father Nabopolassar as King of Babylon.
- 601 BC: An alliance of Medes (from western Iran) and Scythians (who originated from the Eurasian Steppe) invade the northern and eastern parts of Assyria.
- 600 BC: Foundation of Capua.
- Kamboja
- 600 BC: Foundation of Milan by Celts (approximate date).
- Phoceans(traditional date).
- 600 BC: Smyrna sacked and destroyed.
- 600 BC: Nebuchadnezzar builds the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.
Inventions, discoveries, introductions
- First metal coins used by the Lydians of western Anatolia. Until c. 525 BC, coins bore an image on one side only.
- Asia Minor.
- Iron allegedly discovered in China.
- 7th century BC – Banditaccia, Cerveteriis made.
Sovereign states
See:
List of sovereign states in the 7th century BC
.
Notes
- ^ a b "Largest Cities Through History". About.com Geography. Archived from the original on 2005-05-27. Retrieved 2006-05-09.
- ^ F. Espenak and Xavier Jubier. "Total Solar Eclipse of -647 April 06". NASA.
- ^ Potts, D. T. (1999) "The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State" (Cambridge World Archaeology)