Borovo, Croatia

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Borovo
Борово (Serbian)[1]
Borovo Selo - Борово Село
Municipality
Borovo Municipality
Općina Borovo
Општина Борово[2]
Clockwise, from top: Church of St. Stephen, Borovo, side street grafiti, Radio Borovo entrance, Sloga football club's field, Borovo Elementary School, Danube, World War II memorial plaque by women of Borovo (1946), Municipal building central image: World War II memorial (1967)
Serbo-Croatian: Borovčanin (♂)
Borovčanka (♀
) (per
UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
32227 Borovo
Area code+032
Vehicle registrationVU
Official languagesCroatian, Serbian[5]
Websiteopcina-borovo.hr

Borovo (

Vukovar-Syrmia County in eastern part of Croatia. Situated on the banks of the Danube river, it shares its border with Serbia and the municipality of Bač
on the opposite side. The historical development of Borovo is intricately linked with the Danube, which has played a pivotal role in its development as a notable industrial hub in the region.

The etymological genesis of the toponym "Borovo" stems from the

satellite town of Vukovar. Borovo stands as the most populous settlement in Croatia where the majority of residents are Serbs of Croatia. It's Serb community also ranks as the second-largest Serbian community in the county, coming after the Serbian community in Vukovar
itself.

During the early 1990s, Borovo was affected by escalating interethnic tensions in the

cultural autonomy
in the region.

Geography

The municipality is located on the

Republic of Serbia.[7]

To the north it is bordered by the village of Dalj in Erdut municipality in Osijek-Baranja County, to the west the Trpinja municipality, to the south the town of Vukovar and its Borovo Naselje district and to the east the Danube river. About 30% of the entire territory of the municipality consists of residential area.[7]

Per 2011 census, settlement itself was by population larger than some of the towns in Croatia with notable examples being Krapina, Pazin, Glina or Senj.

Climate

Between 1981 and 1989, the highest temperature recorded at the local weather station was 35.5 °C (95.9 °F), on 3 August 1981.[8] The coldest temperature was −24.0 °C (−11.2 °F), on 31 January 1987.[9]

History

Borovo on map of Syrmia County from 1900

Borovo Municipality has been inhabited since the

knez.[11] In 1736 there was 49 houses in the entire village.[11] Until 1811 this number increased to 231 of them.[11] At that time Borovo had a population of 1754 inhabitants.[11] In 1880 Borovo became the gain the municipality status for the second time and this municipality created a coat of arms in 1884 used by the modern day municipality as well.[11]

Kingdom of Yugoslavia

Baťa factory in September 1938

Borovo became an important regional industrial center during the existence of

Bata Shoes opened one of their major factories in Borovo creating the economic growth after the crisis that followed the end of World War I.[11] At that time, as the result of the development of business, modern day Borovo Naselje was built up.[11] The village itself rise from 2213 inhabitants in 1932 to 4530 in 1936.[11] In 1935 Borovo even included and airfield and Yugoslav airliner Aeroput connected the town with regular flights to Belgrade and Zagreb.[12] In that time Borovo became municipality for the third time in its history.[11]

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

In 1945 Borovo footwear was nationalized.[13] While being state owned factory managed entirely by its employees through the Yugoslav workers' self-management system.[13] The company produced everything from shoe polish to shoeboxes and was selling its products across the former Yugoslavia through the 620 local Borovo shops. Company was producing around 23 million pairs of shoes a year in that period.[13]

Croatian War of Independence

On 31 of March 1991 Serbian National Council of Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia (body established on 7 of January 1991) organized a meeting in Borovo where it declared unification of the

Serbian tricolor and was murdered by a Croat while at the same night 2 Croatian policemen were taken hostages in Borovo in the event which will next day lead to the Battle of Borovo Selo leading to the direct involvement of the Yugoslav People's Army in the conflict in the region.[18]

The Battle of Borovo Selo on 2 May 1991 was one of the first armed clashes in the conflict which became known as the

Croatian one. The unauthorized effort by four Croatian policemen resulted in the capture of two by a Croatian Serb militia in the village. To retrieve the captives, Croatian authorities deployed additional police, who drove into an ambush. Twelve Croatian policemen and one Serb paramilitary were killed in the battle before the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) units from Osijek intervened and stopped the fighting.[17] On 4 of May river link across the Danube was established between Borovo and the village of Vajska in Vojvodina.[19] It was reported that between 10-30,000 passengers from Borovo, Vera, Trpinja and Bobota used the river service while JNA used it to evacuate local Croats from Borovo to Vojvodina with four (including a minor 5 years old girl) among remaining Croats being killed by paramilitary units.[20]

UNTAES. On 22 of May 1997 Borovo Municipality was established for a fourth time.[10] It became one of the founding municipalities of the Joint Council of Municipalities
.

Demographics

Population

National structure (2011)
  1. Serbs (89.73%)
  2. Croats (6.57%)
  3. Slovaks (0.46%)
  4. Hungarians (0.44%)
  5. Others (2.8%)

According to

accession of Croatia to the European Union
, the population of the municipality dropped to 3,555 residents at the time of 2021 census.

Languages

See also: Minority languages of Croatia

Serbian language

Further information: Serbian language in Croatia
Municipal building with bilingual inscriptions and the flag of Serbs of Croatia. Below multilingual municipal exit sign.

Serbian Language and Serbian Cyrillic alphabet is the second official language in the municipality of Borovo alongside the Croatian language which is official at the national level.[2] Both Serbian and Croatian language are standardized varieties of the pluricentric Serbo-Croatian
language.

According to the Municipal Statute, individuals who are members of the Serbian

freedom of expression of national belonging and freedom to use their language and script in public and private use on the whole territory of the Municipality of Borovo.[2] The statute guarantees that the Serbian Cyrillic alphabet will be used in the same font size as the Latin alphabet in the text of the local seals and stamps, on official plates of public representatives, executive and administrative bodies, as well as on those of legal persons with public authorities.[2] Councillors or any other citizens have the right to get all of the working and official materials bilingually for any future and past sessions of the Municipal Assembly, and those materials must be in the same font size in both languages.[2]

According to the municipal Statute, bilingual signs of the same font are used for written traffic signs and other written traffic markings, street and squares names and names of settlement and geographical localities on the entire territory of the Municipality.[2] Equal public use of Serbian language is required on the basis of the Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia and relevant national laws and the country is a party to the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.[1]

Other languages

While only Croatian and Serbian enjoy official status, other languages were historically present and important in the region with some of them remaining in limited use up to the present day. With the development of industry in the

liturgical language
in the local Eastern Orthodox church in Borovo.

Politics

Joint Council of Municipalities

The Municipality of Borovo is one of seven Serb majority member municipalities within the Joint Council of Municipalities, inter-municipal sui generis organization of ethnic Serb community in eastern Croatia established on the basis of Erdut Agreement. As Serb community constitute majority of the population of the municipality it is represented by 2 delegated Councillors at the Assembly of the Joint Council of Municipalities, double the number of Councilors to the number from Serb minority municipalities in Eastern Croatia.[26]

Municipal government

Municipality building

The municipality assembly is composed of 15 representatives. Assembly filled in by members of the electoral lists that win more than 5% of votes. Dominant party in the municipality since the independence of Croatia and the reintegration of the region in 1998 is

2017 Croatian local elections with 93.69% valid votes.[27] With 93.42% and 1,378 votes, Zoran Baćanović from Independent Democratic Serb Party was elected as municipality major.[27]
Since a proportional number of ethnic Croats was not elected, one additional MP was appointed.

Summary of the 2017
Croatian local elections
Party Votes % Seats
Independent Democratic Serb Party 1,094 79.16 13
Independent list 160 11.57 1
Serb People's Party&New Serb Party 128 9.26 1
Additional representative of local Croat community / / 1
Invalid/blank votes 93 6.31 —
Total 1,475 100 —
Registered voters/turnout 4,079 36.16 —
Source[27](in Croatian)

Minority councils

Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs.[28] At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Serbs of Croatia fulfilled legal requirements to elect 10 members minority councils of the Borovo Municipality.[29]

Economy

Borovo is underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the

First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.[30] Croatian War of Independence and transformation from socialist economic system into capitalism lead to deindustrialization in the Borovo municipality. Huge part of the population reoriented themselves to the work in agriculture while the smaller section started small private businesses.[31]

Education

Elementary education

Elementary School in Borovo was open in 1853. In 1936, the new building was officially opened under the name of State Folk School of Knight King Alexander First Unifier.[11]

At the time of opening of new building the school in Borovo school was the largest one in

Croatian government funds.[11]

Culture

Points of Interest

Serbian Orthodox Church of St. Stephen in Borovo

Serbian Orthodox Church of St. Stephen in Borovo was completed in 1764. Church is listed in Register of Cultural Goods of Croatia. Iconostasis
with 49 icons and other inventory is also specifically listed in Register.

Associations and Institutions

Borovo volunteer fire department is one of the oldest civil society organizations in the village.[32] The fire department was established in 1932.[33]

"

tamburitza with about 200 active members.[33]

Contemporary Association of Antifascist Fighters of the People's Liberation War and Antifascists was established in 2000.[33] With some 100 members in Borovo, association cooperates with the national umbrella Alliance of Anti-Fascist Fighters of Croatia.[33] Prior to 1991 local World War II veterans were active in the Association of Fighters of the People's Liberation War of Yugoslavia.[33]

Association of Serbs of

Bosanski Brod and other locations in Republika Srpska and the rest of Bosnia and Herzegovina.[33]

Local pensioners association is a 320 members strong branch of the Zapadni Srem (Western Syrmia) Pensioners Association based in Vukovar.

Beekeepers "Milena", established in 1998, brings together 40 members who collectively own approximately 450 beehives.[33]

One of the three Serbian radio stations in the region, Radio Borovo, was formed in 1991 and was formally registered in accordance with Croatian laws following the end of war and the UNTAES mission in the region.

Sport

Fudbalski klub Sloga is a

General Consul of Serbia in Vukovar Nataša Kelezić, Milorad Pupovac, Mile Horvat, Vojislav Stanimirović and Dragan Crnogorac attended the match. Vojvodina won the match with the result 6:0.[34] In 2016 club was competing in the Second County League of Vukovar-Srijem County and in Joint Council of Municipalities Veteran Football League.[34]

Notable natives and residents

Twin municipalities – Sister municipalities

Other forms of cooperation

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Borovo, Croatia.
  1. ^ a b Government of Croatia (October 2013). "Peto izvješće Republike Hrvatske o primjeni Europske povelje o regionalnim ili manjinskim jezicima" (PDF) (in Croatian). Council of Europe. p. 36. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Statut Općine Borovo" (PDF). Retrieved 7 May 2015.
  3. Wikidata Q119585703
    .
  4. ^ "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements" (xlsx). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2022.
  5. ^ Četvrto izvješće Republike Hrvatske o primjeni Europske povelje o regionalnim ili manjinskim jezicima, page 60, Zagreb, 2009 (in Croatian).
  6. ^ "Minority names in Croatia: Registar Geografskih Imena Nacionalnih Manjina Republike Hrvatske" (PDF) (in Croatian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
  7. ^ a b c d "Geoprometni položaj". Borovo Municipality. Retrieved 10 September 2017.
  8. ^ DHMZ (2022-07-19). "Najviše izmjerene temperature zraka u Hrvatskoj za razdoblje od kada postoje mjerenja". Državni hidrometeorološki zavod.
  9. ^ DHMZ (2022-01-21). "Najniže izmjerene temperature zraka u Hrvatskoj za razdoblje od kada postoje mjerenja". Državni hidrometeorološki zavod.
  10. ^ a b c d e "Istorija Borova i struktura stanovništva". Borovo Municipality. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Povijest Borova i naše Škole". Elementary School Borovo. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
  12. ^ Drustvo za Vazdusni Saobracaj A D – Aeroput at europeanairlines.no
  13. ^ a b c Prtorić, Jelena (16 May 2016). "The Socialist Roots of Croatia's Hippest Shoe Company". Slate. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  14. ^ a b Filipović 2022, pp. 304.
  15. ^ Filipović 2022, pp. 305.
  16. ^ a b c Filipović 2022, pp. 306.
  17. ^ a b Filipović 2022, pp. 307.
  18. ^ Filipović 2022, pp. 306–308.
  19. ^ Filipović 2022, pp. 309.
  20. ^ Filipović 2022, pp. 310.
  21. ^ Sudetic, Chuck (20 May 1991). "Croatia Votes for Sovereignty and Confederation". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  22. ^ "Population by Ethnicity, by Towns/Municipalities, 2011 Census: County of Vukovar-Sirmium". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. December 2012.
  23. ^ Simić, Jovanka (9 June 2013). "Borovo selo: Prošlost pamte, budućnost grade". Večernje novosti. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  24. ^ Mario Jareb (2000). "Njemačko novinstvo i periodika u Nezavisnoj Državi Hrvatskoj (1941.-1945.)" (PDF). Godišnjak njemačke narodnosne zajednice/VDG Jahrbuch (in Croatian). Zemaljska udruga Podunavskih Švaba u Hrvat skoj/Landsmannschaft der Donauschwaben in Kroatien: 139–172. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  25. ^ Government of Croatia (25 May 2020). "Suglasnosti za izborne predmete / Сагласности за изборне предмете". Elementary School Borovo. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  26. ^ "Konstituisan 6. saziv Zajedničkog veća opština l" (in Serbian). Zagreb: Privrednik. 1 August 2017.
  27. ^ a b c "Informacija o izborima članova predstavničkih tijela jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave i općinskih načelnika, gradonačelnika i župana te njihovih zamjenika - 2017 (Vukovarsko-srijemska županija)" (PDF) (in Croatian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-01-16. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
  28. ^ "Manjinski izbori prve nedjelje u svibnju, kreću i edukacije". T-portal. 13 March 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
  29. ^ "Informacija o konačnim rezultatima izbora članova vijeća i izbora predstavnika nacionalnih manjina 2023. XVI. VUKOVARSKO-SRIJEMSKA ŽUPANIJA" (PDF) (in Croatian). Državno izborno povjerenstvo Republike Hrvatske. 2023. p. 13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 June 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  30. ^ Lovrinčević, Željko; Davor, Mikulić; Budak, Jelena (June 2004). "AREAS OF SPECIAL STATE CONCERN IN CROATIA- REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT DIFFERENCES AND THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND EDUCATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS". Ekonomski pregled, Vol.55 No.5-6. Archived from the original on 2018-08-18. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  31. ^ "Privreda". Borovo Municipality. Retrieved 10 September 2017.
  32. ^ "PRILOG 9. POPIS VATROGASNIH POSTROJBI" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-30. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Kulturna i druga udruženja". Borovo Municipality. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Bošnjak, Dragana (30 November 2016). "Devedeset godina borovske 'Sloge'". Novosti (Croatia). Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  35. ^ a b c d "U Borovu obeleženi Dan opštine i Dan škole". Retrieved 2 May 2015.
  36. ^ "ПОТПИСАН СПОРАЗУМ О БРАТИМЉЕЊУ ОПШТИНА БОРОВО (РХ) И ОПШТИНА ПЕТРОВО (РС)". Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
  37. ^ a b c d "Novosti-Zajedno do novca iz fondova EU-a" (PDF). Retrieved 2 May 2015.

Sources

  • Filipović, Vladimir (2022). "Srpska pobuna u selima vukovarske općine 1990. - 1991" [Serb Rebelion in the Villages of Vukovar Municipality 1990. - 1991.]. Scrinia Slavonica (in Croatian). 22 (1). Department for the History of Slavonia, Srijem and Baranja of the Croatian Institute of History: 291–319.
    Hrčak
    .
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