Ceolnoth
Ceolnoth | |
---|---|
Archbishop of Canterbury | |
Term ended | 4 February 870 |
Predecessor | Feologild |
Successor | Æthelred |
Other post(s) | possibly Dean of Canterbury |
Orders | |
Consecration | 833, possibly 27 July |
Personal details | |
Died | 4 February 870 |
Ceolnoth or Ceolnoþ (pronounced [ˈtʃeːolnoθ]; died 870) was a medieval English Archbishop of Canterbury. Although later chroniclers stated he had previously held ecclesiastical office in Canterbury, there is no contemporary evidence of this, and his first appearance in history is when he became archbishop in 833. Ceolnoth faced two problems as archbishop – raids and invasions by the Vikings and a new political situation resulting from a change in overlordship from one kingdom to another during the early part of his archiepiscopate. Ceolnoth attempted to solve both problems by coming to an agreement with his new overlords for protection in 838. Ceolnoth's later years in office were marked by more Viking raids and a decline in monastic life in his archbishopric.
Archbishop
In 836, Ceolnoth presided, with
Later life and death
During Ceolnoth's archbishopric, monastic life declined under the pressure of the Viking attacks, and there was a noticeable decline in the quality of the books and other works produced by the scriptoriums. A number of monasteries died out under the pressure of the raids by the invaders, who wintered over in Kent in 851 and 855.[2] He held councils in 839 and 845, the second at London.[7] During his later years in office, he was assisted by four clerics, who appear to have been or acted as archdeacons, one of the earliest appearances of this office in England.[8] Ceolnoth is also known to have corresponded with Pope Leo IV.[9]
Archbishop Ceolnoth died on 4 February 870.[3] Although monastic and secular life suffered during the later part of Ceolnoth's archbishopric, his agreement with Egbert set the foundation for the co-operation between the archbishops of Canterbury and the kings of England in the future.[2]
Citations
- ^ Brooks Early History of the Church of Canterbury pp. 143–145
- ^ a b c d e f g h Wareham "Ceolnoth" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- ^ a b Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 214
- ^ Kirby Earliest English Kings p. 158
- ^ a b Blair Church in Anglo-Saxon Society p. 124
- ^ Pollard Alfred the Great p. 39
- ^ Keynes "Ceolnoth" Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England
- ^ Stenton Anglo-Saxon England p. 440
- ^ Kirby Earliest English Kings p. 164
References
- Blair, John P. (2005). The Church in Anglo-Saxon Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-921117-5.
- ISBN 0-7185-0041-5.
- Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
- Kirby, D. P. (2000). The Earliest English Kings. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-24211-8.
- ISBN 978-0-631-22492-1.
- Pollard, Justin (2005). Alfred the Great: The Man Who Made England. London: John Murray. ISBN 978-0-7195-6666-0.
- ISBN 978-0-19-280139-5.
- Wareham, A. F. (2004). "Ceolnoth (d. 870)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. required)