Charlotte's Web (cannabis)
Charlotte's Web | |
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Genus | Cannabis |
Species | Cannabis sativa |
Breeder | Stanley Brothers |
Origin | Colorado, United States |
Part of a series on |
Cannabis |
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Charlotte's Web is a brand of high-
Charlotte's Web is named after
Media coverage increased demand for products high in CBD, which have been used to treat epilepsy in toddlers and children. One of the initial strains developed by the Stanley Brothers was originally called "Hippie's Disappointment" as it was a strain that had high CBD and could not induce a "high".[7][8]
While initially anecdotal reports sparked interest in treatment with
History
Charlotte's Web was a strain developed by the Stanley brothers (Joel, Jesse, Jon, Jordan, Jared and Josh[12]) through crossbreeding a strain of marijuana with industrial hemp.[13] This process created a variety with less tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and more cannabidiol (CBD) than typical varieties of marijuana.[14] The Stanley brothers grow the plants at their farm and greenhouses. A CBD rich oil is extracted from the harvested plants and concentrated through rotary evaporation.[15] As it is so low in THC, the variety was originally called "Hippie's Disappointment".[8] It is a less profitable plant[16] with "close to no value to traditional marijuana consumers."[17]
Medical uses
Evidence
In 2014, there was little evidence about the safety or efficacy of cannabinoids in the treatment of epilepsy.
The Cochrane review suggests cannabinoids be reserved for people with symptoms that are not controllable by other means, who have been evaluated by EEG-video monitoring to confirm diagnosis, and are not eligible for better-established treatments such as surgery and neurostimulation.[20] A second review described four placebo-controlled trials of cannabidiol including 48 people with a disease that was not manageable by other means. Three out of four trials reported some reduction in seizures, but no comparison with placebo was possible due to the small number of people in the trials. The drugs were well tolerated.[21] A third review found that no reliable conclusions about the effect of cannabis on epilepsy could be drawn due to the poor quality of available data, but further research may be warranted because of the good safety profile observed in small clinical trials.[22]
Statements
Due to the anecdotal nature of the health claims being made, medical bodies have published statements of concern.
A 2014 position statement by the American Epilepsy Society stated:
The recent anecdotal reports of positive effects of the marijuana derivative cannabidiol for some individuals with treatment-resistant epilepsy give reason for hope. However, we must remember that these are only anecdotal reports, and robust scientific evidence for the use of marijuana is lacking... at present, the epilepsy community does not know if marijuana is a safe and effective treatment, nor do they know the long-term effects that marijuana will have on learning, memory, and behavior, especially in infants and young children.[23]
Cannabis-derived products were not mentioned in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence epilepsy treatment guidelines in 2012.[24]
Society and culture
Legal status
With the main ingredient being classified as "industrial hemp" in the United States, (
The publicity associated with Charlotte's Web has inspired a number of legislative bills, some of which are in the planning stages, and others that have been proposed or actually passed.[9] Children, as "uniquely powerful advocates for medicinal pot across the country,"[26][9] have inspired "the movement to legalize medicinal marijuana," a movement which "has a face like Charlotte's – and it's a young one that's hard to ignore. Lawmakers across the country are pushing legislation to legalize marijuana oil as a treatment for children with epilepsy."[27]
On March 20, 2014, the Florida House of Representatives Budget Committee passed the "so-called Charlotte's Web measure (CS/HB 843)"[28] designed to limit prosecutors' ability to prosecute those in possession of low THC/high CBD marijuana ("0.5 percent or less of tetrahydrocannabinol and more than 15 percent of cannabidiol") used for treating seizures. The law took effect July 1, 2014.[29][30] Since then, Florida legislators have passed a bill with bipartisan support legalizing the use of Charlotte's Web,[31] and Governor Rick Scott signed the "Compassionate Medical Cannabis Act of 2014" (SB 1030)[32][33] into law on June 6, 2014. The law is also referred to as the "Charlotte's Web" law.[34][35] The law specifies the number of distribution centers, which types of nurseries can grow the plants, requires various other controls,[36] and provides funding for research.[32]
- Federal legislation was introduced in 2014 (U.S. 113th Congress 2013–2014) but was never brought to a vote and died in committee.[37][38][39][40]
- Rep. Perry, Scott (R-PA-4) introduced to the U.S. 114th Congress (2015–2016) H.R.1635 – Charlotte's Web Medical Access Act of 2015United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, Homeland Security and Investigationsbut was not brought to a vote.
On October 31, 2017, the FDA sent warning letters to four CBD marketers, including Stanley Brothers Social Enterprises, LLC (d/b/a CW Hemp), the producer of Charlotte's Web. They were warned "against making medical claims about cannabidiol (CBD). The agency also took issue with the businesses marketing CBD products as dietary supplements".[43]
Etymology
Charlotte's Web is named after an American girl,
The type now named after Figi was not the first type her parents tried. As their original supply, a type called R4 that is also high in CBD and low in THC, was running out, they contacted the Stanley brothers. From the Stanleys' stock, they chose the high-CBD variety that has since been renamed to Charlotte's Web.[14]
Charlotte's story has been featured on two CNN documentaries,
Publicity and demand
When Charlotte was five years old, her story was featured in the August 11, 2013, CNN documentary "Weed", hosted by
The CNN documentaries received widespread publicity and popularized Charlotte's Web as a possible treatment for epilepsy and other conditions.
Families who say they have run out of pharmaceutical options have moved to Colorado to access Charlotte's Web. The demand has spurred calls for more research to determine whether these products actually do what is claimed. Amy Brooks-Kayal, vice president of the American Epilepsy Society, stated that epileptic seizures may come and go without any obvious explanation, and that Charlotte's web could cause developmental harm. She recommended that parents relocate so that their affected children could have access to one of the nation's top pediatric epilepsy centers rather than move to Colorado.[64]
The product has been described as the "country's most famous brand of CBD oil",[65] the "largest selling CBD oil in the country",[66] and the "number one brand", with 7% of the market.[67]
In October 2022, Charlotte's Web became the official CBD supplier for Major League Baseball with a multi-year contract.[68]
Distribution
In November 2013, Josh Stanley said that Charlotte's web was 0.5% THC and 17% CBD,[12] and that it "is as legal as other hemp products already sold in stores across Utah, including other oils, clothing, and hand creams, but is illegal, federally, to take across state lines."[69] The legalities of selling the product to people who transport it across state lines are complicated, with difficulties for both the sellers and transporters.[70][71]
References
- ^ Realm of Caring Foundation (2014), Realm of Caring: About Us, retrieved May 31, 2014
- ^ Martinez, Tracy (March 7, 2014), Touring the marijuana facility growing plants to save children's lives, Al Jazeera America, retrieved March 7, 2014
- ^ Cordell, Kasey (May 1, 2014), "Tangled Web", 5280 (The Denver Magazine), retrieved April 19, 2015
- National Public Radio, retrieved January 16, 2014
- ^ Waltz, Vanessa (September 18, 2014), Realm of Caring Announces Charlotte's Web to be Shipped to All 50 US States, Ladybud Magazine, archived from the original on October 20, 2014, retrieved September 19, 2014
- ^ a b Osborne, Hannah (June 20, 2014), "Charlotte Figi: The Girl Who is Changing Medical Marijuana Laws Across America", International Business Times, retrieved June 22, 2014
- ^ Producers, TechKnow (August 25, 2015). "The chemical brothers: Colorado family makes good in medical pot business". Al Jazeera America. Retrieved February 21, 2017.
- ^ CBS Denver, retrieved January 1, 2014
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- ^ PMID 24595491.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. June 25, 2018. Retrieved March 4, 2020.
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- ^ a b c d e f Young, Saundra (August 7, 2013), Marijuana stops child's severe seizures, CNN, retrieved January 1, 2014
- ^ Stewart, Kirsten (October 12, 2013), Utah lawmaker will help moms import cannabis extract, The Salt Lake Tribune, archived from the original on January 12, 2014, retrieved January 1, 2014
- ^ a b c Weed 2: Cannabis Madness, Dr. Sanjay Gupta Reports (full transcript), CNN, March 11, 2014, retrieved March 15, 2014
CNN's main page. See full CNN video. - ^ Honan, Edith (January 8, 2014), New York's medical marijuana law excludes some who seek the drug, Reuters, retrieved January 20, 2014
- Yahoo.com, retrieved February 9, 2016,
'Charlotte's Web is high in CBD and low in THC,' ... Similar varieties of CBD-rich marijuana available in California include ACDC, Harlequin, and Cannatonic. To many in the medical community, these parents are relying, at best, on shaky science. A 2013 Cochrane review of studies examining CBD as a treatment for epilepsy concluded that, due to the dearth of large, high-quality studies, 'the safety of long-term cannabidiol treatment cannot be reliably assessed.'
- PMID 24778283, retrieved May 16, 2015
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- ^ AES (2014), AES Position on Medical Marijuana, American Epilepsy Society, retrieved January 31, 2014
- NICE, January 1, 2012, archived from the originalon May 18, 2015, retrieved May 16, 2015
- ^ Rozental, Dr. Aaron; McGrath, Dr. Stephanie (March 3, 2020). "A tangled web: Teasing out the effects of CBD on canine seizures". Phys.org. Retrieved March 4, 2020.
- ^ a b Roller, Emma (March 17, 2014), "How Kids Are Bringing Medical Marijuana to the States", National Journal, retrieved March 19, 2014
- Hardball (news show), retrieved May 15, 2014
- ^ HB 843 – Medical Marijuana (PDF), Florida House of Representatives, 2014, retrieved March 20, 2014 PDF download. "The term [cannabis] does not include any plant of the genus Cannabis that contains 0.5 percent or less of tetrahydrocannabinol and more than 15 percent of cannabidiol; the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any part of such plant; or any compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant or its seeds or resin."
- ^ Kennedy, John (March 20, 2014), Charlotte's Web marijuana bill advances in House, despite questions, Post on Politics, archived from the original on March 22, 2014, retrieved March 20, 2014
- ^ Smith, Nancy (March 20, 2014), $1 Million for Medical Marijuana Research Sails Through House Appropriations, Sunshine State News, archived from the original on March 22, 2014, retrieved March 20, 2014
- The Huffington Post, retrieved May 4, 2014
- ^ a b Cotterell, Bill (June 16, 2014), UPDATE 2-Florida governor signs law allowing limited medical marijuana use, Reuters, retrieved June 21, 2014
- ^ CS/CS/SB 1030: Cannabis, MyFloridaHouse.gov, June 16, 2014, retrieved June 21, 2014
- ^ Call, James (July 29, 2014), University of Florida says it won't risk federal funding to participate in marijuana research, SaintPetersBlog, retrieved July 31, 2014
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- ^ H.R.5226 - Charlotte's Web Medical Hemp Act of 2014, House of Representatives, July 28, 2014, retrieved August 11, 2014 "Official Title as Introduced: To amend the Controlled Substances Act to exclude therapeutic hemp and cannabidiol from the definition of marihuana, and for other purposes."
- ^ "H.R.5226 - 113th Congress (2013-2014): Charlotte's Web Medical Hemp Act of 2014". September 26, 2014.
- ^ H.R.525 - Industrial Hemp Farming Act of 2013, House of Representatives, February 6, 2013, retrieved September 28, 2014
- ^ "H.R.525 - 114th Congress (2015-2016): Industrial Hemp Farming Act of 2015". January 30, 2015.
- ^ "H.R.1635 - 114th Congress (2015-2016): Charlotte's Web Medical Access Act of 2015". April 29, 2015.
- ^ "Cosponsors - H.R.1635 - 114th Congress (2015-2016): Charlotte's Web Medical Access Act of 2015". April 29, 2015.
- ^ Zhang, Mona (October 1, 2017). "FDA Targets Country's Largest Cannabidiol Producer In Warning Over Cancer Claims". Forbes. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
- ^ The View, ABC, retrieved October 18, 2014
- ^ Waltz, Vanessa (July 29, 2014), A Limited Amount of "Caring": Parents and Advocates React to Realm of Caring's Federal CBD-Only Bill, Ladybud Magazine, retrieved October 14, 2014
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- ^ Usher, Michael (July 31, 2014), Green Rush: The push to legalise medical marijuana for Aussie children, 60 Minutes Australia, archived from the original on May 27, 2015, retrieved June 7, 2015
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See full Dateline video. - ^ Schaaf, Melissa (September 25, 2014), Hemp Industry Overview, Boulder Weekly, retrieved September 26, 2014
- ^ Pena, Nina (November 12, 2019). "Charlotte Figi: The First Child to be Featured on the High Times Cover Hits Stands on November 13th". Hi-tech Chic. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
- ^ High Times (November 6, 2019). "High Times Announces Inaugural Female 50 Honorees". High Times. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
- ^ Ingold, John (April 8, 2020). "Charlotte Figi, the Colorado girl who inspired the CBD movement, dies following illness suspected to be coronavirus". The Colorado Sun. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
- ^ Garcia, Sandra E (April 10, 2020). "Charlotte Figi, Who Helped Popularize CBD for Medical Use, Dies at 13". The New York Times. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
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- ^ Pickert, Kate (October 22, 2014), Pot Kids: Inside the quasi-legal, science-free world of medical marijuana for children, Time, retrieved October 23, 2014
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- ^ Abcarian, Robin (April 2, 2017). "Could the extraordinary compound in cannabis that helps kids with epilepsy make you feel better?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
- ^ Davidson, Sara (April 20, 2017). "Why Microdosing Is Taking Over Medical Marijuana". Rolling Stone. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
- ^ Borchardt, Debra (August 23, 2017). "Hemp Cannabis Product Sales Projected To Hit $1 Billion In 3 Years". Forbes. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
- ^ Ricciardi, Tiney (October 19, 2022). "Major League Baseball now has an official CBD supplier, and it's based in Colorado". The Denver Post. Retrieved October 21, 2022.
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- ^ Price, Michelle (March 25, 2014), Utah to welcome marijuana for limited medical use, Associated Press, archived from the original on March 26, 2014, retrieved March 26, 2014
External links
- Charlotte's Dr. moves to Israel to continue research
- Weed: Dr. Sanjay Gupta Reports (full transcript), CNN, Full CNN video
- Weed 2: Cannabis Madness, Dr. Sanjay Gupta Reports (full transcript), CNN, Full CNN video