Fossil flora of Kızılcahamam district
| Fossil flora of Kızılcahamam district | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: | |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 40°37′N 32°41′E / 40.61°N 32.68°E |
| Region | Kızılcahamam District, Ankara Province |
| Country |  Turkey |
  Fossil flora of Kızılcahamam district (Turkey) | |
 | This article may be confusing or unclear to readers. (June 2017) |
This
Beşkonak villages, 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Ankara, 22 kilometres (14 mi) north of Kızılcahamam and 125 kilometres (78 mi) south of the Black Sea coast. They are 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) to 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) above sea level, extending 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north-south and 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) east-west. Between six and seven million years ago, a fresh water lake existed there in a forested area with mostly broad leaved deciduous
tree species, dominated by sequoia and oak.
The Turkish
Acer
. In the 1968 trip, he collected 400 plant parts such as leaves, seeds, fruits, twigs and branches. He also collected 50 fossils of frog and fish skeletons and larvae and insects.
In 1969, Wayne Fry from University of Berkeley made plant fossil collections in Güvem. Daniel I. Axelrod also assisted in the research of this flora.[1][2][3][4][5]
Images of the fossil plants and fossil sites
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Leaf fossils ofKizilcahamam, found near Belpınar village by Osman Güldemir, a teacher at the Anadolu University in Eskişehir, Turkey. -
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Beşkonakvillage. -
Due to drying and cooling of the climate at the onset of theScots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests. -
Professor Baki Kasaplıgil collected many of hisdirt roads that had newly been made by a bulldozer.
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Fossil plant species so far described from the deposits
Pteridophyta
- Salvinia sp.
- Cryptogramma aff. crispo
Gymnosperms
- †Sequoia langsdorfi
- Tsuga sp.
- Ephedra sp.
dicots
- Cercidiphyllaceae
- †Cercidiphyllum crenatum
- Menispermum sp.
- Platanus sp.
- †Platycarya miocenica
- Salixsp.
- Comptonia sp.
- Myrica banksiaefolia
- Castaneasp.
- Castanopsis sp.
- Fagussp.
- †Quercusdrymeja
- †Quercusheidingeri
- †Quercuskubinyi
- †Quercusaff. lonchitis
- Quercus petroela aff.
- Quercus sclerophyllina
- Quercus semecarpifolia
- †Quercus seyfriedii (very similar to Quercus phellos from eastern and central United States)
- †Quercussosnoisky
- Quercus hartwissiana
- Quercus trojana aff.
- †
- Alnussp.
- Betula luminifera aff.
- Carpinusmiocenica
- †Acerangustilobum
- †Acertribolatum
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- Astronium sp.
- Diospyros aff. miokaki
- Aquifoliaceae
- Ilex gracilis (close to Ilex serrata)
- Sorbus aucuparia aff.
- Cercis sp.
- †Sophora sp.
- Tilia platyphyllos aff,
- Ulmussp.
- †Zelkova ungeri
- Berberis chinensis aff.
- Ficus sp.
- †Liquidambar europaeum
- Ailanthus altissima aff.
monocots
- Smilaceae
- Potamogeton sp.
- Egeria densa aff.
- Najas sp.
- Typha sp.
Images of some extant close relatives of the fossil species
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Sequoia, giant redwood forests were common at higher altitudes of Anatolia in the Tertiary and early Pleistocene. -
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Sequoia branch of seed cones. -
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fossil pollen have not been found in other countries bordering the Black Sea. -
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Menispermum dauricum leaves -
Menispermum dauricum foliage -
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Ailanthus seeds -
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References
- ^ Kasaplıgil, Baki (1977). "Ankara, Kızılcahamam yakınındaki Güvem köyü civarında bulunan son tersiyer kozalaklı-yeşil yapraklı ormanı" [A Late-Tertiary Conifer-Hardwood Forest From the Vicinity of Güvem Village, Near Kızılcahamam, Ankara] (PDF). Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration (in Turkish and English). 88. Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration: 94–102.
- ^ Engelhardt, H. (1903): Tertiar pflan von Kleinasien, Beitr. z, Po/aonto/, u. Geo/, Østerreich_Ungarns u.d. Orientts, 15(2-3): 55-64
- ^ "Baki Kasapligil (1918-1992)" (PDF). herbmedit.org. Retrieved 17 June 2023.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 September 2020. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "ANKARA, KIZILCAHAMAM YAKININDAKİ GÜVEM KÖYÜ CİVARINDA BULUNAN SON TERSİYER KOZALAKLI-YEŞİL YAPRAKLI ORMANI* - PDF Free Download".