Islam in Brazil

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Mosque in Foz do Iguaçu
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2010 census, was 35,207 out of a population of approximately 191 million people.[2] This corresponds to 0.018% of the Brazilian population.[3]

History

African immigration

Capoeira or the Dance of War by Johann Moritz Rugendas, 1835

The history of Muslims in Brazil begins with the importation of African slave labor to the country. Brazil obtained 37% of all African slaves traded. Over 3 million slaves were sent to Brazil. Starting around 1550, the Portuguese began to trade African slaves to work the sugar plantations once the native Tupi people deteriorated. Scholars claim that Brazil received more enslaved Muslims than anywhere else in the Americas.[4]

During the days of the Barbary Wars, some native Brazilians came into interaction with Muslim lands. It was noted by Dr. Antonio Sosa, a Portuguese cleric held captive in North Africa in the 1570s, that the port of Algiers maintained one of the most ethnically diverse cities in the world including Amerindians from Iberian colonies in the New World.[5] Barbary pirates were known to attack the shipping of slaves and merchandise while taking prisoners coming from the Americas. In 1673, 140 prisoners were taken from a Rio de Janeiro fleet, while a 1674 capture of a Brazilian ship contributed in the decision to increase naval protection.[6]

Malê Revolt

Main article:
Malê Revolt

The Muslim uprising of 1835 in

Dahomean soldiers who had converted to Islam or fought in alliance with Muslims.[7]
"

Beginning on the night of January 24, 1835, and continuing the following morning, a group of African born slaves occupied the streets of

Salvador and for more than three hours they confronted soldiers and armed civilians.[8][9]

Even though it was short lived, the revolt was the largest slave revolt in Brazil and the largest urban slave revolt in the Americas.

Catholicism and erase the popular memory of and affection towards Islam.[11] However, the African Muslim community was not erased overnight, and as late as 1910 it is estimated there were still some 100,000 African Muslims living in Brazil.[12]

Muslim immigrants in Brazil

Following the revolt of the

Maronite and Orthodox Christians) immigrants live throughout Brazil.[13] The biggest concentration of Muslims is found in the greater São Paulo region.[citation needed] There is also a growing Bangladeshi Brazilian community, numbering in the thousands.[14]

Architecture and cuisine also bear the trademarks of the culture brought to the hemisphere by the Arabs. As an example, the second largest fast food chain in Brazil is Habib's, which serves Arab food. The diversity of influence also stretches to businesses such as the textile industry, which is mostly run by merchants of Syrian-Lebanese origin (mainly of Christian faith). The São Paulo city council has a Muslim Councillor by the name of Mohammad Murad, a lawyer.[15] A number of mosques dot the greater São Paulo area, the oldest and most popular of these being found on Avenida do Estado. Since its establishment, the mosque has added a Quranic school, library, kitchen and meeting hall for various functions.

Today

Mosque in Cuiabá, Brazil.

Population

According to the

Shi'ite
immigrants gravitate to small insular communities in São Paulo, Curitiba, and Foz do Iguaçu.

A recent trend has been the increase in

Qur'an were created by Muslim translators in São Paulo.[13]

According to the

IBGE census, 83.2% of Muslims are self-declared as white, 12.2% are mixed, 3.8% black, 0.8% orientals and 0.04% indigenous. Almost all Brazilian Muslims (99,2%) have been living in urban areas. Despite 60% of Brazilian Muslims being men, 70% of converted Muslims are women.[20]

Infrastructure

Islamic Centre of Campinas.

There are over 150

juma'at
prayers.

Notable Muslims

Mixed martial artist Royce Gracie
.

See also

Notes

  1. ISBN 978-0195334029
    .
  2. ^ ftp://ftp.ibge.gov.br/Censos/Censo_Demografico_2010/Caracteristicas_Gerais_Religiao_Deficiencia/tab1_4.pdf[dead link][full citation needed]
  3. ^ "Countries that Recognize Palestine 2022". worldpopulationreview.com. Retrieved 2022-12-27.
  4. ISBN 1-55876-378-3
    .
  5. ^ Garcés, María Antonia. "Cervantes in Algiers: A Captive's Tale." Nashville: Vanderbilt UP, 2002, p. 35
  6. ^ Hanson, Carl A. "Economy and Society in Baroque Portugal: 1668-1703." London: Macmillan, 1981, p. 250
  7. ^ Slave rebellion in Brazil: the Muslim uprising of 1835 in Bahia, p. 139
  8. JSTOR 3786298
    .
  9. ^
    JSTOR 3513114
    .
  10. ^ "Slave Rebellion in Brazil". jhu.edu. 1 September 1995. Archived from the original on 7 February 2009. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
  11. ISBN 978-0-8018-4462-1.[page needed
    ]
  12. ^ Steven Barboza, American Jihad, 1993
  13. ^ a b c de Oliveira, Vitória Peres (2006). "Islam in Brazil or the Islam of Brazil?". Religião & Sociedade. 2.
  14. ^ Mahmud, Ezaz (2021-05-19). "Livelihoods of Bangladeshis at stake in Covid-19 hit Brazil". The Daily Star. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  15. ^ "Islam Under Wraps - IslamiCity". iviews.com. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
  16. ^ IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics). 2010 Census. Accessed 07.08.2012.
  17. ^ "Os caminhos do Islã no Brasil [The paths of Islam in Brazil]". IstoÉ. 21 February 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
  18. ^ "Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor International Religious Freedom Report 2009" October 26, 2009, US Department of State report on Brazil
  19. ^ "Loving Muslims Through Prayer » Brazil's Muslim Peoples". 16 March 2007. Archived from the original on 16 March 2007. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
  20. ^ Os caminhos do islã no Brasil In english: The paths of Islam in Brazil
  21. ^ "A Guide to Finding Mosques in Brazil". halaltrip.com. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
  22. ^ "UFC legend Royce Gracie embraces Islam". Middle East Monitor. 3 March 2024. Retrieved 4 March 2024.

External links

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