Lessing-Othmer
| Romanization of Chinese |
|---|
| Mandarin |
| Wu |
| Yue |
| Min |
| Gan |
| Hakka |
| Xiang |
| Polylectal |
| See also |
Lessing-Othmer is a
German colony
.
In 1979, the State Council of the People's Republic of China for Romanization ruled that translations of foreign-language publications should utilize Lessing-Othmer romanization in
Table
The tones romanized differently from Pinyin are highlighted in blue.
Initial
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo-palatal | Velar | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voiceless | Voiced | Voiceless | Voiceless | Voiced | Voiceless | Voiced | Voiceless | Voiceless | ||
| Nasal | m [m] ㄇ m |
n [n] ㄋ n |
||||||||
| Plosive | Unaspirated | b [p] ㄅ b |
d [t] ㄉ d |
g [k] ㄍ g | ||||||
| Aspirated | p [pʰ] ㄆ p |
t [tʰ] ㄊ t |
k [kʰ] ㄎ k | |||||||
Affricate |
Unaspirated | ds [ts] ㄗ z |
dsch [ʈʂ] ㄓ zh |
dj [tɕ] ㄐ j |
||||||
| Aspirated | ts [tsʰ] ㄘ c |
tsch [ʈʂʰ] ㄔ ch |
tj [tɕʰ] ㄑ q |
|||||||
Fricative
|
f [f] ㄈ f |
s [s] ㄙ s |
sch [ʂ] ㄕ sh |
hs [ɕ] ㄒ x |
h [x] ㄏ h | |||||
| Liquid | l [l] ㄌ l |
j [ɻ~ʐ] ㄖ r |
||||||||
Finals
| Coda | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ∅ | /i/ | /u/ | /n/ | /ŋ/ | /ɻ/ | |||||||||
| Medial | ∅ | ï [ɨ] ㄭ  -i |
ö [ɤ] ㄜ e |
a [a] ㄚ a |
e [ei] ㄟ ei |
ai [ai] ㄞ ai |
ou [ou] ㄡ ou |
au [au] ㄠ ao |
ën [ən] ㄣ en |
an [an] ㄢ an |
ung [ʊŋ] ㄨㄥ ong |
ëng [əŋ] ㄥ eng |
ang [aŋ] ㄤ ang |
örl [aɚ] ㄦ er |
| /j/ | i [i] ㄧ i |
iä [je] ㄧㄝ ie |
ia [ja] ㄧㄚ ia |
iu [jou] ㄧㄡ iu |
iau [jau] ㄧㄠ iao |
in [in] ㄧㄣ in |
iän [jɛn] ㄧㄢ ian |
iung [jʊŋ] ㄩㄥ iong |
ing [iŋ] ㄧㄥ ing |
iang [jaŋ] ㄧㄤ iang |
||||
| /w/ | u [u] ㄨ u |
o [wo] ㄨㄛ uo |
ua [wa] ㄨㄚ ua |
ui [wei] ㄨㄟ ui |
uai [wai] ㄨㄞ uai |
un [wən] ㄨㄣ un |
uan [wan] ㄨㄢ uan |
ung [wəŋ] ㄨㄥ ueng |
uang [waŋ] ㄨㄤ uang |
|||||
| /ɥ/ | ü [y] ㄩ ü |
üä [ɥe] ㄩㄝ üe |
ün [yn] ㄩㄣ ün |
üan [ɥɛn] ㄩㄢ üan |
||||||||||
References
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, 2004 edition, "Pinyin romanization" article