Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II

Romanization of Chinese
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Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin EFEO Gwoyeu Romatzyh Spelling conventions Latinxua Sin Wenz Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II Postal romanization Tongyong Pinyin Wade–Giles Yale romanization Lessing-Othmer Legge romanization Simplified Wade Comparison chart
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See also
Other transliterations Character-based General Chinese Cyrillization Xiao'erjing 'Phags-pa script Bopomofo Taiwanese kana Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols Transcription into Chinese
By place Romanization in Hong Kong Romanization in Singapore Romanization in Taiwan
v t e

Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II
Hanyu Pinyin	Guóyǔ Zhùyīn Fúhào Dì'èr Shì

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Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II (

(non-romanization). It is sometimes referred to as Gwoyeu Romatzyh 2 or GR2.

History

Based on the earlier and more complex Gwoyeu Romatzyh, the tentative version of MPS II was released on May 10, 1984, by the Ministry of Education under the Chiang Ching-kuo administration. After two years of feedback from the general public, the official version was established on January 28, 1986.^[1] To distinguish Zhuyin (Chinese: 注音符號; pinyin: Zhùyīn fúhào; lit. '[Mandarin] Phonetic Symbols') from the Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II (Chinese: 國語注音符號第二式; lit. 'Mandarin Zhuyin Second Version'), the first Zhuyin is officially called "Mandarin Phonetic Symbols I" (國語注音符號第一式).

Despite its official status for almost two decades until it was replaced by

. In mainstream overseas communities, it is virtually unused and unheard of.

Table

Initials

		Bilabial		Labiodental	Alveolar		Retroflex		Alveolo-palatal	Velar
		Voiceless	Voiced	Voiceless	Voiceless	Voiced	Voiceless	Voiced	Voiceless	Voiceless
Nasal			m [m] ㄇ m			n [n] ㄋ n
Plosive	Unaspirated	b [p] ㄅ b			d [t] ㄉ d					g [k] ㄍ g
	Aspirated	p [pʰ] ㄆ p			t [tʰ] ㄊ t					k [kʰ] ㄎ k
Affricate	Unaspirated				tz [ts] ㄗ z		j [ʈʂ] ㄓ zh		j [tɕ] ㄐ j
	Aspirated				ts [tsʰ] ㄘ c		ch [ʈʂʰ] ㄔ ch		ch [tɕʰ] ㄑ q
Fricative				f [f] ㄈ f	s [s] ㄙ s		sh [ʂ] ㄕ sh		sh [ɕ] ㄒ x	h [x] ㄏ h
Liquid						l [l] ㄌ l		r [ɻ~ʐ] ㄖ r

Finals

		Coda
		∅			/i/		/u/		/n/		/ŋ/		/ɻ/
Medial	∅	r/z [ɨ] ㄭ -i	e [ɤ] ㄜ e	a [a] ㄚ a	ei [ei] ㄟ ei	ai [ai] ㄞ ai	ou [ou] ㄡ ou	au [au] ㄠ ao	en [ən] ㄣ en	an [an] ㄢ an	eng [əŋ] ㄥ eng	ang [aŋ] ㄤ ang	er [aɚ] ㄦ er
	/j/	i [i] ㄧ i	ie [je] ㄧㄝ ie	ia [ja] ㄧㄚ ia			iou [jou] ㄧㄡ iu	iau [jau] ㄧㄠ iao	in [in] ㄧㄣ in	ian [jɛn] ㄧㄢ ian	ing [iŋ] ㄧㄥ ing	iang [jaŋ] ㄧㄤ iang
	/w/	u [u] ㄨ u	uo [wo] ㄨㄛ uo	ua [wa] ㄨㄚ ua	uei [wei] ㄨㄟ ui	uai [wai] ㄨㄞ uai			uen [wən] ㄨㄣ un	uan [wan] ㄨㄢ uan	ung [ʊŋ] ㄨㄥ ong	uang [waŋ] ㄨㄤ uang
	/y/	iu [y] ㄩ ü	iue [ɥe] ㄩㄝ üe						iun [yn] ㄩㄣ ün	iuan [ɥɛn] ㄩㄢ üan	iung [jʊŋ] ㄩㄥ iong

Features

• Indication of tone by respelling, as used in Gwoyeu Romatzyh, is eliminated. Syllables are spelled like its tone one for non-nasal initials, and like tone two for nasal initials. Tone is then marked with four diacritics identical to Zhuyin's.
• The romanization of the consonants is identical to Gwoyeu Romatzyh's.
• The empty rime /ɨ/ is treated in the same way as Yale romanization:
  • It uses r for both:
    • ㄖ (pinyin r), and
    • what is written in pinyin as i after zh, ch, sh, r. (The use of r has a tonal diacritic on it and is always final.)
  • It uses z for both:
    • ㄗ (pinyin z), and
    • what is written in pinyin as i after z, c, s. (The use of z has a tonal diacritic on it and is always final.)
    • The z is not written after tz (no tzz), however. Tz corresponds to Pinyin zi (and Yale dz).
• Like GR, -iou, -uen, and -uei are all written out, unlike the
  Wade
  -iu, -un, and -ui.
• GR's au persists, as opposed to the ao of
  Wade-Giles, and the later Tongyong Pinyin
  .
• GR's iu (Pinyin ü) is written as -iu and yu (alone).
• GR's -ong is spelled now -ung (like
  Wade-Giles
  ).
• GR's el is spelled now er (like Pinyin).
• Y- and w- are added to or replace i and u (respectively), similarly to Gwoyeu Romatzyh and identical to Pinyin.

An example phrase, "The second type of Chinese phonetic symbols":

Hanzi	國語注音符號第二式
Pinyin	guóyǔ zhùyīn fúhào dì'èr shì
MPS II	guó-yǔ jù-yīn fú-hàu dì-èr shr̀
GR	gwoyeu juh'in fwuhaw dih'ell shyh

Spaces are generally used in place of hyphens, except in personal names, which use hyphens in between the syllables of the given names.

References

External links

• Standard Mandarin Pinyin Table The complete listing of all Pinyin syllables used in standard Mandarin, along with native speaker pronunciation for each syllable.
• Conversion chart (syllable level)
• ROC government booklet on MPS II (in English and Chinese)
• Taiwan's official romanization system: MPS2

Preceded by Gwoyeu Romatzyh

Official romanization adopted by the Republic of China (Taiwan) 1986-2002

Succeeded by Tongyong Pinyin