Northern Mexico
This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2017) |
Northern Mexico
El Norte | |
---|---|
Cultural region of Mexico | |
Etymology: La tierra al norte del trópico (in Spanish); The land above the tropic (in English). | |
Nickname(s): Aridoamerica, el Norti (local pronunciation) | |
States | Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora and Tamaulipas |
Area | |
• Total | 1,054,549 km2 (407,164 sq mi) |
Population | |
• Total | 27,056,627 |
• Density | 26/km2 (66/sq mi) |
Demonym(s) | Norteño, norteña |
Northern Mexico (Spanish: el Norte de México IPA: [el ˈnoɾte ðe ˈmexiko] ⓘ), commonly referred as El Norte, is an informal term for the northern cultural and geographical area in Mexico. Depending on the source, it contains some or all of the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora and Tamaulipas.
There is no specific border that separates the northern states from the southern states in Mexico. For some authors, only states that have a border with the United States are considered as northern Mexico, i.e. Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sonora and Tamaulipas.[1] Others also include Durango, Sinaloa and Baja California Sur.[2] Other people consider that the north starts above the Tropic of Cancer,[3] but this description would include some parts of Zacatecas and San Luis Potosí that are not considered northern states.
History
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2020) |
Before colonization
It is not known exactly when the first settlers came to Northern Mexico. The harsh climate in the region limited the practice of agriculture, so ancient cultures developed a nomadic lifestyle dedicated to hunting and gathering.[4]
One of the most important native cultures at northern Mexico are the
Colonial era
The first city of the region was Durango, founded in 1563 by Francisco de Ibarra, a Basque explorer. During the colonial era, Durango, Chihuahua and some parts of Sinaloa and Coahuila were a Basque colony named the Nueva Vizcaya. Now, most Duranguenses are Basque descendants.[7] Other important cities like Monterrey were founded almost 50 years later.
States
Baja California | Baja California Sur | Chihuahua |
Mexicali | La Paz |
Chihuahua |
Coahuila | Durango | Nuevo León |
Saltillo | Durango |
Monterrey |
Sinaloa | Sonora | Tamaulipas |
Culiacán | Hermosillo | Ciudad Victoria |
Culture
Northern Mexican culture is very different from the culture in south and central Mexico. Northern Mexican opinion tends to be more conservative on average on cultural topics like
In early 2014, the Strategic Communication Cabinet, a statistical consulting services company, published a report called "Social Intolerance In Mexico",
Festivities
For a long time, November 20; the anniversary of the
Other important days in the north are July 8, the foundation of
Cuisine
As well as the Spanish and the Indigenous people, Northern Mexico has received
Nachos, quesadillas and burritos are probably the three most famous dishes from the north. One of the most famous customs from northern Mexico is to reunite family and friends on weekends to prepare barbecue, named Carne Asada by the Mexicans. A variation of this tradition is to prepare discada, a mixture of grilled meats cooked on an agricultural plow disk harrow.
Sports
Baseball is another popular sport in Northern Mexico,[19] particularly in states such as Sinaloa and Sonora.[20][21] Seven of the sixteen teams of the Triple-A Mexican League, the country's oldest running professional league, are based in the North: Sultanes de Monterrey, Saraperos de Saltillo, Acereros de Monclova, Algodoneros de Unión Laguna, Generales de Durango, Tecolotes de los Dos Laredos and Toros de Tijuana. Of these, three (Saraperos, Acereros, and Algodoneros) are based in Coahuila, which is thus the only state to have more than one team in the league, and one of only three states or provinces to have three teams in Triple-A baseball (the others being Texas and New York). Sultanes de Monterrey has been the most successful Northern team in the Mexican League, winning ten championships (the third most of any team), but Tecolotes, Saraperos, and Algodoneros all have multiple titles to their names. In winter-league play, the independent Mexican Pacific League (Liga Mexicana del Pacífico or LMP) is based in the North, with most of its eight teams playing in Northwestern Mexico. The league is considered competitive, as the winter schedule coincides with the Major League Baseball offseason and MLB players can participate. Since the 1970s, the winner of the Mexican Pacific League has competed in the prestigious Caribbean Series, won nine times by Mexican teams, primarily in the 21st century, such as Yaquis de Obregón and Naranjeros de Hermosillo, based in the state of Sonora, Venados de Mazatlán and Tomateros de Culiacán, both based in the state of Sinaloa.[22] Moreover, there are several minor state-wide baseball leagues in the region such as Liga Estatal de Béisbol de Chihuahua, Liga Mayor de Béisbol de La Laguna and Liga Norte de México.
Another popular sport is
Dialect
Northern Mexican Spanish distinguishes itself from other varieties of Spanish spoken in the country for its strong intonation. Due to its proximity to the United States, it receives a great deal of influence from English. For example, English words such as troca (truck), lonche (lunch) and bai (bye) are of common usage.
In addition to Spanish, there are also many Indigenous languages, with Tepehuan, Mayo, and Tarahumara being among the largest and most prominent. However, another important difference between the North and South-Central Spanish is that Northern Mexico Spanish has not received as much Native American influence as Central and South Mexico Spanish, this is because Northern Mexico has the lowest concentration of Indigenous communities of all regions in the country and there is not a single Indigenous language that surpasses 100,000 speakers.
Curiously, in Spanish dubs from English language films or TV series, it is a cliche to associate the Northern Mexican accent with people from
Notable people
-
Guadalupe Victoria, first president of Mexico
-
Venustiano Carranza, the president that promulgated the constitution of Mexico
-
Santiago Vidaurri, liberal politician and ideologist from the northern Mexico separatism
-
Francisco Villa, the most notable general in the Mexican Revolution
-
Francisco I. Madero, initiator of the Mexican Revolution and President of Mexico
-
Enrique Gorostieta, general of Mexican Revolution and in the Cristero War
-
Dolores del Río, first major female Latin American crossover star in Hollywood
-
María Félix, actress
-
Anthony Quinn, actor
-
world series
-
Adal Ramones, comedian
-
Eduardo Najera, former NBA player
-
Aracely Arámbula, actress
-
Omar Chaparro, comedian and actor
-
Susana Zabaleta, soprano singer and actress
-
Jared Borgetti, second all time scorer from the Mexican national soccer team
-
2018 presidential election
-
María del Rosario Espinoza, three time Olympic medal winner
References
- ISBN 9781442601581.
- ISBN 9780292771901.
- ISBN 978-0495389507.
- ^ Domínguez Chávez, Humberto; Alfonso Carrillo Aguilar, Rafael. "Los pueblos recolectores y cazadores de Aridoamérica" (PDF). Archived from the original on Apr 1, 2023.
- ^ "Ódami. Tepehuanes del Norte". Archived from the original on Jan 23, 2024.
- ^ "Historia y fundación de Monterrey". Archived from the original on Oct 3, 2023.
- ^ "Siglos de Historia". 30 January 2011. Archived from the original on Oct 3, 2023.
- ^ "Uno de los estados más conservadores de México en búsqueda del matrimonio igualitario". 13 February 2017.
- ^ "El Ojo de México: La cultura del norte de México (Mexicali)". Archived from the original on 2012-12-19. Retrieved 2021-11-25.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ Gabinete de Comunicación Estratégica (2014). "Intolerancia Social en México" (PDF) (in Spanish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ "Mexican state of Coahuila approves same-sex marriage". BBC. 2 September 2014. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ "Food and Travel | Platillos típicos de Torreón". 29 June 2017.
- ^ Gonzalez, Roger (14 June 2018). "World Cup 2026: What are the host cities in USA, Mexico and Canada going to be?". CBS Sports. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ Carlisle, Jeff (13 June 2018). "Which venues could host games for 2026 World Cup held in U.S., Mexico and Canada?". ESPN. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ Mathaler, Jon (28 July 2018). "Soccer Insider: Liga MX teams make inroads into U.S. television markets". Star Tribune. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ Juárez, César (3 December 2017). "El norte manda: Sus equipos han llegado a 7 de las 10 últimas finales" (in Spanish). Diario AS. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ Rosales, Jorge (14 May 2018). "¡El Norte manda! Por octava vez al hilo, equipo norteño busca título de Liga MX" (in Spanish). Medio Tiempo. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ Patiño, Lenin (21 May 2018). "Los equipos del norte siguen mandando en la Liga MX" (in Spanish). Milenio. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ Sánchez, Jorge (2 February 2018). "Baseball revival happening in Mexico". MLB. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ Cervantes, Héctor (2 December 2018). "Sinaloa es quien más nutre al beisbol mexicano" (in Spanish). El Debate. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ López, Tess (29 November 2017). "Sonora, pasión por el beisbol en las venas" (in Spanish). El Debate. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ Padilla Márquez, Josué (1 February 2018). "Los campeones mexicanos en la Serie del Caribe" (in Spanish). Milenio. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ Tucker, Duncan (17 November 2016). "'An upper-class picnic': the Mexican elite's curious love affair with NFL". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ Weinfuss, Josh (17 November 2016). "From youth to pro, American football has taken root in Mexico". ESPN. Retrieved 12 August 2018.