S. D. Burman
S. D. Burman | |
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Years active | 1932 – 1975 |
Spouse(s) | Meera Dasgupta |
Sachin Dev Burman (1 October 1906 – 31 October 1975) was an Indian music director and singer. A member of the Tripura royal family,[1][2] he started his career with Bengali films in 1937. He later began composing for Hindi movies and became one of the most successful and influential Indian film music composers. Burman composed the soundtracks for over 100 movies, including Bengali films and Hindi.[1][3][4]
Apart from being a versatile composer, he also sang songs in the light semi-classical and folk style of Bengal. His son, R. D. Burman, was also a celebrated music composer for Bollywood films.[1][2]
Burman's compositions were sung by the leading singers of the era, including Kishore Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar, Mohammed Rafi, Geeta Dutt, Manna Dey, Hemant Kumar, Asha Bhosle, Shamshad Begum, Mukesh and Talat Mahmood. As a playback singer, Burman sang 14 Hindi and 13 Bengali film songs.[5][6]
Background
S. D. Burman was born on 1 October 1906,
Education
S. D. Burman's first school was at Kumar Boarding in
1930s
Burman started working as a radio singer on Calcutta Radio Station in the late 20s,[7] when his work as a singer-composer was based on Bengali folk and light Hindustani classical music. Consequently, his compositions were mainly influenced by his huge repertoire of folk-tunes from present Bangladesh and later other parts of India and around the world. His first record was also released in 1932 (Hindustan Musical Product), with "Khamaj" (semi classical), "E Pathey Aaj Eso Priyo" on one side and the folk "Dakle Kokil Roj Bihane" on the reverse side, on 78 rpm for Hindustan Records. In the following decade, he reached his peak as a singer, cutting as many as 131 songs in Bengali, and also sang for composers like Himangsu Dutta (8), RC Boral (1), Nazrul Islam (4), Sailesh Das Gupta (2) and Subal Das Gupta (1).[12] He also sang for Madhavlal Master (1) and his son R.D. Burman (1).[4]
In 1934, he attended the All India Music Conference, at the invitation of
He built a house in Southend Park,
As a music composer, he started with the Bengali plays Sati Tirtha and Janani, and eventually gave his first score in the film Rajgee. In 1937, his second film Rajkumarer Nirbashan (1940) became a hit. He gave music in Bengali films such as Protishodh (1941), Abhoyer Biye (1942) and Chaddobeshi (1944) and only one Bengali film in 1969/70 after he permanently moved to Mumbai in 1946. He composed for over 20 Bengali films and 89 Hindi films in all.[12]
He made his film debut singing in Yahudi ki Ladki (1933) but the songs were scrapped and re-sung by Pahari Sanyal. His first film as a singer was finally Sanjher Pidim (1935).
1940s
In 1944, Burman moved to Bombay (now known as Mumbai),[2] at the request of Sashadhar Mukherjee of Filmistan, who asked him to give score for two Ashok Kumar starrers, Shikari (1946) and Aath Din, but his first major breakthrough came the following year with the company's Do Bhai (1947). The song Mera Sundar Sapna Beet Gaya sung by Geeta Dutt was his breakthrough song into the film industry. In 1949 came Shabnam, his biggest hit yet with Filmistan Studios, especially noticeable for its multi-lingual hit song Yeh Duniya Roop ki Chor, by Shamshad Begum, which became a rage in those days.[7]
1950s
Disillusioned with the materialism of Bombay, Burman left the Ashok Kumar starred Mashaal (1950) incomplete and decided to board the first train back to Calcutta. Fortunately, he was dissuaded from doing so.
In the 1950s, Burman teamed up with Dev Anand's Navketan Films to create musical hits like Taxi Driver, Nau Do Gyarah (1957) and Kala Pani (1958). In addition, he gave music for Munimji (1955) and Paying Guest (1957). His songs sung by Kishore Kumar and Mohammed Rafi became popular. Burman composed the music for Afsar (1950). With the success of their second film Baazi (1951), he made it to the top and a long association with Navketan and Dev Anand was on its way. Baazi's jazzy musical score revealed a new facet of singer Geeta Dutt, who was mainly known for melancholy songs and bhajans. One song from the film stood out – "Tadbeer Se Bigdi Hui Taqdeer", a ghazal that was occidentalised into a seductive song. The Jaal song "Yeh Raat Yeh Chandni" sung by Hemant Kumar is an all-time great classic. The song "Thandi Hawain" from the film Naujawan (1951) sung by Lata Mangeshkar was one of his first major hits. It made Lata very famous as also poet Sahir Ludhianvi.[4]
He also wrote music for Guru Dutt's films Pyaasa (1957) and Kaagaz Ke Phool (1959). The soundtracks of Devdas (1955), House No. 44 (1955), Funtoosh (1956), and Solva Saal (1958) were other S. D. Burman hits. In 1959 came Sujata, and S. D. created magic again with "Jalte hain Jiske Liye" film song sung by Talat Mahmood.[7]
When Guru Dutt made comparatively light-weight films like Baazi and Jaal (1952), Burman reflected their mood with compositions like "Suno Gajar Kya Gaye" or "De Bhi Chuke Hum" and when Guru Dutt made his sombre masterpieces –
In 1957, S. D. Burman fell out with Lata Mangeshkar and adopted her younger sister Asha Bhosle as his lead female singer. The team of S. D. Burman, Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle and lyricist Majrooh Sultanpuri became popular for their duet songs. Bhosle later became his daughter-in-law after her marriage to R. D. Burman.[7]
In 1958, S. D. Burman gave music for
1960s
Early on in his career, Burman refused to allow his voice to be lip-synced on film by actors;
Ill health caused a slump in his career in the early 1960s, but he gave many hit films in the late 1960s. In 1961, Burman and
The Dev Anand-S. D. Burman partnership, under the Navketan banner, continued to churn out musical hits like Bombai Ka Babu (1960), Tere Ghar Ke Samne (1963), Guide (1965) and Jewel Thief (1967). In 1963, he composed the soundtrack of Meri Surat Teri Aankhen (1963), in which Manna Dey sang the song "Poocho Na Kaise Maine" in raga Ahir Bhairav. This song was inspired by the song "Arun kanti ke go yogi", a masterpiece that was created by Bidhrohi Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam and a Ustad Mushtaq Hussain Khan's Khayal which was based on raga Ahir bhairav (morning ragaa). That movie also had a song "Nache Mon Mora Magan", sung by Mohammad Rafi; these became landmarks in Hindi film songs.
Other S. D. Burman hits from this period were Bandini (1963),
Aradhana (1969) is considered another landmark score in Bollywood history. The music of the movie shaped the careers of singer Kishore Kumar, lyricist Anand Bakshi and filmmaker Shakti Samanta. According to the director Shakti Samanta, originally, Mohammed Rafi was supposed to have sung all the songs in the film (he sang only two song), but he was on 2 month long tour and they didn't want to wait for 2 months. So, he suggested Burman to use Kishore Kumar instead as Rajesh Khanna was a newcomer and he agreed. All the songs became chartbuster which made Kishore Kumar an overnight sensation.
References[21] For the song "Mere Sapno ki raani", Sachin Dev made R. D. play the mouth organ.[citation needed] Dev Anand and S. D. Burman continued their musical partnership in Prem Pujari (1970).[4]
1970s
Prem Pujari (1970), Tere Mere Sapne (1971), Ishq Par Zor Nahin (1970), Sharmeelee (1971), Abhimaan (1973), Prem Nagar (1974), Sagina (1974), Chupke Chupke (1975), and Mili (1975) are some of Burman's classics from this decade.[6]
Personal life
S. D. Burman married Bengali film lyricist and musician, Meera Dasgupta on 10 February 1938. They had only one son, famous music composer, R. D. Burman who was born on 27 June 1939.[1][2]
Relationship with Kishore Kumar
Burman was the only composer who had used both Kishore and Rafi in an almost equal number of songs.[6] He regarded Kishore as his second son. Kishore confessed that it was Sachin Da, who had given him the first chance. Even after the rehearsal of "Badi Sooni Sooni" from Milli, when Sachin had a stroke, Kishore went up to the hospital and said to him "Dada, please don't worry, your recording is after three days, you just see how well it goes." The song is considered one of the best of Kishore Kumar. Sachin also used to telephone Kishore in the dead of night, and on the telephone, he would start to sing the new tunes which he composed and ask Kishore to sing with him.[citation needed]
Death
S. D. Burman went into a coma soon after rehearsing the song "Badi Sooni Sooni Hai" (sung by Kishore Kumar) for the film Mili. After lingering in a coma for some days, he died on 31 October 1975 in Mumbai.[1][2]
Legacy
British singer of South Asian heritage Najma Akhtar, recorded a Shanachie Records CD of Burman's work, Forbidden Kiss: The Music of S.D. Burman, an album of covers of Burman compositions.
The Indian cricketer Sachin Tendulkar was named after the composer by Sachin's father, who was an ardent fan of Burman.[citation needed]
The singer and mimicry artist
Burman paired with tabla maestro late Brajen Biswas for his Bengali songs. The beats or "thekas" created by Brajen Babu for these songs are unique and no one in the world can sing these songs in the original "thekas". All the "thekas" are according to the mood of the songs. But recently, painter, sculptor and singer Ramita Bhaduri sang the tough songs of Burman such as "Ami chhinu aka", "Rangeela", "Aankhi Duti Jhare" etc. in the original "theka" on the taleem of Brajen Biswas. The CD from "Raga Music" (Symphony) was released at Kolkata Press Club. The CDs are available in M. Biswas & Symphony.[citation needed]
Burman had a unique style of composing film songs. While most of the composers used a harmonium or piano to compose the tune, he composed tunes using rhythm such as clapping hands. He was very fond of "Paan" which was specially made by his wife with a piece of dried orange peel and "kevda" flower (Odoratissimus flower) for flavour and taste. In addition, there were his chosen paanwalas (paan vendors) near Khar Station, his bungalow "The Jet" and Bharati Vidya Bhavan from where he could get paans to his liking. That was the reason that he would not share his paan with anyone as he will run short of his paans. He would carry only few extra paana which he would give as a reward to the one whom he appreciated for his work.[citation needed]
SD Burman's first biography in English is "Incomparable Sachin Dev Burman". Written by HQ Chowdhury. It was published by Toitoomber from Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Commemorative postage stamp
On 1 October 2007, marking his 101st birth anniversary, the
Sachin Dev Barman Memorial Government Music college was built in Agartala, Tripura in memory of him which is also affiliated by Tripura University and recognised by University Grant Commission.[23]
His song "Ye Duniya Agar Mil Bhi Jaye" from Pyaasa was re-used in the 2022 film Chup: Revenge of the Artist.[24]
Filmography
- Sudurer Priye (1935)
- Rajgee (1937)
- Jakher Dhan (1939)
- Amar Geeti (1940)
- Nari (1940)
- Rajkumarer Nirbashan (1940)
- Pratishodh (1941)
- Ashok (1942)
- Avayer Biye (1942)
- Jibon Sangini (1942)
- Mahakavi Kalidas (1942)
- Milan (1942)
- Jajsaheber Nathni (1943)
- Chhadmabeshi (1944)
- Maatir Ghar (1944)
- Pratikar (1944)
- Kalankini (1945)
- Matrihara (1946)
- Eight Days (1946)[1][4]
- Shikari (1946)[1][4]
- Dil Ki Rani (1947)
- Do Bhai (1947)[1][2][4]
- Chittor Vijay (1947)
- Vidya (1948)
- Shabnam (1949)[2]
- Kamal (1949)
- Mashaal / Samar (In Bengali) (1950)[1]
- Afsar (1950) (Navketan's first production)[1]
- Pyar (1950)
- Buzdil (1951)
- Sazaa (1951)
- Naujawan (1951)[4]
- Baazi (1951)[1][7][4]
- Bahar (1951)
- Ek Nazar (1951)
- Jaal (1952)[1][4]
- Lal Kunwar (1952)
- Armaan (1953)
- Shahenshah (1953)
- Babla (1953)
- Jeevan Jyoti (1953)
- Taxi Driver (1954)[1]
- Angarey (1954)
- Radha Krishna (1954)
- Chalis Baba Ek Chor (1954)
- Devdas (1955)
- Munimji (1955)
- House No. 44 (1955)
- Society (1955)
- Mad Bhare Nain (1955)
- Funtoosh (1956)
- Paying Guest (1957)[1]
- Pyaasa (1957)[1][7]
- Nau Do Gyarah (1957)[1]
- Miss India (1957)
- Solva Saal (1958)
- Lajwanti (1958)
- Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (1958)[1]
- Kala Pani (1958)[1][7]
- Sitaron Se Aage (1958)
- Sujata (1959)[1][7]
- Kaagaz Ke Phool (1959)[1][7][4]
- Insaan Jaag Utha (1959)[7]
- Manzil (1960)
- Kala Bazar (1960)[1][7]
- Bombai Ka Babu (1960)[1][7]
- Miyan Biwi Razi (1960)
- Apna haath jagannath (1960)
- Bewaqoof (1960)
- Ek Ke Baad Ek (1960)[7]
- Baat Ek Raat Ki (1962)
- Dr. Vidya (1962)
- Naughty Boy (1962)
- Bandini (1963)[1][7]
- Meri Surat Teri Ankhen (1963)
- Tere Ghar Ke Samne (1963)[1]
- Ziddi (1964)
- Kaise Kahoon (1964)
- Benazir(1964)
- Teen Devian (1965)
- Guide (1965)[1][7][6]
- Jewel Thief (1967)
- Talash (1969)
- Aradhana (1969)[1][7][6]
- Jyoti (1969)
- Prem Pujari (1970)
- Ishq Par Zor Nahin (1970)
- Gambler (1971)
- Sharmilee(1971)
- Chaitali (1971)
- Tere Mere Sapne (1971)
- Yeh Gulistan Hamara (1972)
- Zindagi Zindagi (1972)[1][7]
- Anuraag(1972)
- Abhimaan (1973)[1][7][6]
- Jugnu (1973)
- Chhupa Rustam (1973)
- Phagun (1973)[7]
- Us Paar (1974)
- Prem Nagar (1974)
- Sagina (1974)
- Chupke Chupke (1975)
- Mili (1975)
- Barood (1976)[1][7]
- Arjun Pandit (1976)
- Deewaangee (1976) only one song, remaining songs were composed by Ravindra Jain[7]
- Tyaag (1977)
Awards and recognitions
- 1934: Gold Medal, Bengal All India Music Conference, Calcutta 1934
- 1958: Sangeet Natak Akademi Award[1][25]
- 1959: Asia Film Society Award
- 1964: Sant Haridas Award
- National Film Awards for
- 1970: National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer: Aradhana: Safal Hogi Teri Aradhana
- 1974: National Film Award for Best Music Direction: Zindagi Zindagi
- 1969: Padma Shri Award
- International Jury on Folk Music
- 2007 A Postage Stamp (Face value Rs 15) released in his memory[22]
- Filmfare Awards
- 1954: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Taxi Driver - (Won)[26]
- 1973:
- 1959: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Sujata: Nomination
- 1965: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Guide: Nomination
- 1969: Filmfare Best Music Director Award : Aradhana: Nomination
- 1970: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Talaash: Nomination
- 1974: Filmfare Best Music Director Award: Prem Nagar: Nomination
- 1954:
- BFJA Awards
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af "S. D. Burman - Music Director - Profile and filmography". Cinemaazi.com website. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Sarma, Ramya (2 September 2013). "The magic in the music". The Hindu newspaper. Archived from the original on 5 September 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
- ^ "Sachin Dev Burman: Epitomising the East Bengali lilt". The Daily Star. 30 October 2009. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "The minimilistic melody of Sachin Dev Burman – Biography". Rediff.com website. Archived from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "Remembering SD Burman: 10 lesser-known facts about Sachin Dev Burman". India Today. 1 October 2016. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g Ashish Dutta (28 July 2006). "'Wahan Kaun Hai Tera' - S. D. Burman' music". The Hindu newspaper. Archived from the original on 22 June 2008. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "S. D. Burman profile and filmography". Upperstall.com website. Archived from the original on 13 June 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
- ^ Mathur, Megha (October 2015). "Give me Lata and a Harmonium, I'll make Music: S.D. Burman". The Quint. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
- ^ a b "Master who learnt from beggar, baul". The New Indian Express. 28 July 2013. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
- ^ Tripura Genealogy at Queensland Univ Archived 21 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ISBN 9789387578180.
- ^ a b c d HQ Chowdhury. ""SACHIN KARTA" - S.D. Burman profile". sdburman.net website. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ S.D. Burman’s wife dead The Hindu, 17 October 2007.
- ^ S.D. Burman's wife Meera dead 'Music India OnLine'. Archived 15 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ How Tripura lost an icon The Daily Telegraph, 24 February 2005.
- ^ Sachin Karta by Pannalal Roy tripurainfo.com. Archived 18 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Bondhu rangila re – a tribute to S D Burman theemusic magazine, 31 October 2002.
- Sight & Sound magazine. Archived from the originalon 2 December 2007. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
- ^ Music Direction Sangeet Natak Akademi Award Official listing. Archived 16 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Bharatan, Raju. "The Aradhna Syndrome". Rediff. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
- ISBN 978-9848869154.
- ^ a b "2007 stamps - Indian Postal Service". Archived from the original on 31 January 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "Sachin Dev Barman Memorial Government Music College".
- ^ "Watch 'Yeh Duniya Agar Mil Bhi Jaye': This 'Chup' track is striking recreation of the classic 'Pyaasa' song". Free Press Journal. 24 September 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
- ^ "Sangeet Natak Akademi Award winners list (scroll all the way down to Films and Music direction)". Sangeet Natak Akademi, Government of India website. Archived from the original on 31 March 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
- ^ a b "List of Filmfare Award Winners (1953-2005) (Burman won Filmfare awards in 1954 and in 1973)" (PDF). Googlepages.com website. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 June 2009. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "BFJA Award 1965 (scroll down to Hindi Section)". BFJA Awards website. Archived from the original on 8 January 2010. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
External links
- Sachin Dev Burman at IMDb
- S. D. Burman songs
- Sdburman.net A website dedicated to Sachin Dev Burman
- The Hundred Luminaries of Hindi Cinema, by ISBN 81-7508-007-8, page 1919.