STS-134

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STS-134
Endeavour (left) docked to the ISS, viewed from Soyuz TMA-20; AMS-02 is visible as a white box atop the station's truss, between its solar arrays
NamesSpace Transportation System-134
Mission typeISS assembly
OperatorNASA
COSPAR ID2011-020A Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.37577
Mission duration15 days, 17 hours, 38 minutes, 51 seconds
Distance travelled10,477,185 km (6,510,221 mi)
Spacecraft properties
SpacecraftSpace Shuttle Endeavour
Launch mass2,052,443 kilograms (4,524,863 lb) (total)
121,830 kilograms (268,580 lb) (orbiter)[1][2]
Landing mass92,240 kilograms (203,354 lb)[1][2]
Payload mass15,770 kilograms (34,760 lb)[1][2]
Crew
Crew size6
Members
Start of mission
Launch dateMay 16, 2011, 12:56:28 (2011-05-16UTC12:56:28Z) UTC[3][4][5][6]
Launch siteKennedy LC-39A
End of mission
Landing dateJune 1, 2011, 06:35 (2011-06-01UTC06:36Z) UTC[7]
Landing siteKennedy SLF Runway 15
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLow Earth
Perigee altitude321 kilometres (199 mi)[8]
Apogee altitude343 kilometres (213 mi)[8]
Inclination51.6 degrees
Period91.17 minutes[8]
EpochMay 17, 2011[8]
Docking with
PMA-2

(Harmony forward)
Docking dateMay 18, 2011, 10:14 UTC
Undocking dateMay 30, 2011, 03:55 UTC
Time docked11 days, 17 hours, 41 minutes

Pictured clockwise in the STS-134 crew portrait are NASA astronauts Mark Kelly (bottom center), commander; Gregory H. Johnson, pilot; Michael Fincke, Greg Chamitoff, Andrew Feustel and European Space Agency's Roberto Vittori, all mission specialists.
← STS-133
STS-135 →
 

STS-134 (

ISS assembly flight ULF6)[9] was the penultimate mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the 25th and last spaceflight of Space Shuttle Endeavour.[10] This flight delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer and an ExPRESS Logistics Carrier to the International Space Station.[11] Mark Kelly served as the mission commander. STS-134 was expected to be the final Space Shuttle mission if STS-135 did not receive funding from Congress. However, in February 2011, NASA stated that STS-135 would fly "regardless" of the funding situation.[12][13] STS-135, flown by Atlantis, took advantage of the processing for STS-335
, the Launch on Need mission that would have been necessary if the STS-134 crew became stranded in orbit.

Changes in the design of the main payload, AMS-02, as well as delays to STS-133, led to delays in the mission. The first launch attempt on April 29, 2011, was scrubbed at 12:20 pm by launch managers due to problems with two heaters on one of the orbiter's auxiliary power units (APU). Endeavour launched successfully at 08:56:28 EDT (12:56:28 UTC)[14] on May 16, 2011,[15] and landed for the final time on June 1, 2011.[16]

Crew

Mission poster, based on a Star Trek promotional poster.[17][18]
The crew arrive at the Shuttle Landing Facility in T-38 jets on April 26, 2011.

NASA announced the STS-134 crew on August 10, 2009.[19]

Position Astronaut
Commander United States Mark Kelly
Fourth and last spaceflight
Pilot United States Gregory H. Johnson
Second and last spaceflight
Mission Specialist 1 United States Michael Fincke
Third spaceflight
Mission Specialist 2 Italy Roberto Vittori, ESA
Third and last spaceflight
Mission Specialist 3 United States Andrew J. Feustel
Second spaceflight
Mission Specialist 4 United States Gregory Chamitoff
Second and last spaceflight
Notes:
  • On January 13, 2011, after the 2011 Tucson shooting in which Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, Mark Kelly's wife, was critically wounded, NASA named Frederick W. Sturckow as backup commander for this mission.[20]
  • Roberto Vittori from Italy was the last non-U.S. astronaut to fly with the shuttle.
  • This was the final Space Shuttle mission with a six person crew.
  • This was the final shuttle mission with an all-male crew. STS-135 would have one female crew member, Sandra Magnus.

Background

STS-134 Space Shuttle launch

The

United States Government to consider ordering an additional mission.[21] On June 19, 2008, the United States House of Representatives passed the NASA Authorization Act of 2008, giving NASA funding for one additional mission to "deliver science experiments to the station".[21]

The same mandate was included in the U.S. Senate version of the NASA Authorization Act that was unanimously approved by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on June 25, 2008.

Project Constellation.[25] In the spring of 2009, the Obama Administration included funds for the STS-134 mission in its proposed 2010 NASA budget.[26]

STS-134 was planned to be the final regularly scheduled mission of the NASA Space Shuttle Program, but with the passing in 2011 of an appropriations bill authorizing the conversion of

STS-335 to STS-135, this was no longer the case.[27] It was also originally scheduled to coincide with Expedition 26 before delays in the Space Shuttle launch schedule pushed it past that Expedition. If STS-134 had launched during Expedition 26, then Mark Kelly and Expedition 26 commander Scott Kelly would have become the first siblings (and twins) to fly in space at the same time.[28]

Shuttle Commander Mark Kelly's wife, U.S. Representative Gabby Giffords, flew to the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida to view the first launch attempt, her first trip since moving from Tucson to Houston for rehabilitation after being seriously wounded in the January 2011 Tucson shooting. On May 16, Giffords was again at KSC for the launch, which was "one of the most anticipated in years," according to The New York Times.

Launch Complex 39 and met with Giffords and the six crewmembers.[30]

Mission payload

ISS

Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer 2

Main article: Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer 2 (AMS-02) was carried to the ISS in Endeavour's payload bay, and was attached to the ISS's S3 truss segment. The AMS-02 unit is a particle physics detector which contains a large permanent magnet, and is designed to search for antimatter and investigate the origin and structure of dark matter.[2]

According to the original design plan, a

AMS-01.[32][33]

ExPRESS Logistics Carrier 3

ELC-3
in its launch configuration

The ExPRESS Logistics Carrier 3 (ELC3) carried several Orbital Replacement Units (ORU) that were too large or too heavy for other spacecraft to carry to the ISS. These ORUs included a High Pressure Gas Tank (HPGT), an Ammonia Tank Assembly (ATA), the S band Antenna Sub-System Assembly #2 & 3 (SASA), a Special Purpose Dextrous Manipulator (SPDM) Arm with Orbital Replacement Unit change-out mechanism, a Space Test Program Houston 3 Department of Defense payload, and a spare ELC pallet controller avionics box.[2]

Materials on International Space Station Experiment

The STS-134 mission delivered the Materials on International Space Station Experiment 8 (MISSE) experiments, and returned the completed MISSE 7 experiments to Earth. MISSE 7 had been delivered to the ISS on STS-129 in 2009.[2]

Sensor Test of Orion Rel-nav Risk Mitigation Detailed Test Objective kit

The Orion Rel-nav Sensor was mounted on the Orbiter Docking System (ODS) in Trajectory Control Sensor slot 1 and on an Adaptive Payload Carrier in the bay 3 port of the Payload Bay. For the STORRM Detailed Test Objective (DTO), after Endeavour undocked, it completed its normal fly-around of the station. The crew then guided Endeavour back towards the station, flying a nominal orbiter trajectory for docking to the ISS's Pressurized Mating Adapter-2. However, the shuttle did not actually dock with the ISS again; instead, it was positioned below the station.

On STS-131, the docking target on the ISS was enhanced with reflectors, to allow for the characterization of the Orion Rel-Nav sensors' performance during STS-134's rendezvous and proximity operations with the ISS. These proximity operations were tested during approach and docking, undocking, flyaround (time permitting), and during a modified separation from the ISS. During the modified separation, the crew performed a series of re-rendezvous burns that put the orbiter on an Orion-like rendezvous profile. Afterwards, instead of re-docking to the ISS, the crew performed a full separation.[2]

GLACIER Freezer Module

STS-134 carried a new

Glacier module to the ISS and returned two old ones to Earth. The Glacier units were used to store and return science samples on the Space Shuttle.[2]

Orbiter Boom Sensor System

The newly attached OBSS at the Space Station

STS-134 left its

Scott Parazynski's repair of the torn P6 solar panel on STS-120. The feasibility of leaving an OBSS attached to ISS for a long period of time was demonstrated when the STS-123 mission left one behind for use during the subsequent STS-124
mission.

Lego kits

Endeavour brought 13 Lego kits to the ISS, where astronauts built Lego models to see how they would react in microgravity, as part of the Lego Bricks in Space program. The results were shared with schools as part of an educational project.[34][35]

Shuttle LIFE

The

Planetary Society project was to test the mission destined for Fobos-Grunt. The stage rehearsal was deemed fully successful.[36][37]

STEM Bars

Endeavour brought specialized nutrition bars, called "STEM Bars", to the ISS. These were created by high school students and sisters Mikayla and Shannon Diesch. The nutrition bars were certified for spaceflight by meeting a specific NASA-developed nutritional profile, and had to pass strict microbial testing. The STEM Bars were flown to support the work of the

STEM education among their peers, an outreach effort which they started after they won the 2010 Conrad Foundation Spirit of Innovation Awards.[38]

The Little Mole

A

Andrew Feustel. It was later presented to the character's creator, Zdeněk Miler, and used for space science popularization mainly in the Czech Republic.[39]

Mission experiments

Endeavour performed four Department of Defense payloads of opportunity: MAUI, SEITI, RAMBO-2, and SIMPLEX. All four of these experiments required engine and thruster firings, and were to be completed only if there was sufficient propellant on board Endeavour.

Mission milestones

The mission marked:

  • 165th NASA crewed space flight
  • 134th Shuttle mission since STS-1
  • 25th and last flight of Endeavour
  • 36th Shuttle mission to the ISS
  • 109th post-Challenger mission
  • 21st post-Columbia mission
  • Last non-US astronaut to fly on a Space Shuttle mission (Col. Roberto Vittori, Italy)
  • First Papal blessing and call to astronauts in space[40]
  • 99th day launch
  • 132nd landing overall, 77th at KSC, 25th night landing, and 19th night landing at KSC
  • Penultimate Space Shuttle Mission

Shuttle processing

Rollout

Rollout of Endeavour commenced on March 10, 2011, at 19:56 EST and terminated on March 11, 2011, at 03:49 EST.[41]

  • Endeavour leaving the Vehicle Assembly Building
    Endeavour leaving the Vehicle Assembly Building
  • Endeavour sitting on Launch Pad 39A as a storm passes over on 28 April 2011
    Endeavour sitting on Launch Pad 39A as a storm passes over on 28 April 2011
  • A technician works to remove and replace the aft Load Control Assembly 2.
    A technician works to remove and replace the aft Load Control Assembly 2.
  • Endeavour sitting on Launch Pad 39A
    Endeavour sitting on Launch Pad 39A

Launchpad fatality

At around 07:40 EDT on March 14, 2011, United Space Alliance engineer James Vanover committed suicide[42] by jumping from the STS-134 launchpad. Endeavour was at the pad when the incident occurred. As a result, work on the Space Shuttle was suspended for the day while grief counseling was offered to the workforce. NASA officials believed this to be the first launchpad fatality since 1981.[43][44]

Mission timeline

May 16 (Flight Day 1 – Launch)

Space Shuttle Endeavour launches from Kennedy Space Center on STS-134.

Endeavour lifted off from

Mike Fincke.[45]

May 17 (Flight Day 2 – OBSS inspection)

Mike Fincke lifts massive bags and floats freely inside Endeavour
.

On flight day 2, the crew of Endeavour completed several tasks in preparation for the docking on flight day 3. The first and most important of these tasks was surveying the shuttle's

Drew Feustel
furthermore checked out the two spacesuits carried on Endeavour, in preparation for the mission's four planned spacewalks.

May 18 (Flight Day 3 – ISS rendezvous and ELC installation)

space station
.

Flight day 3 saw the docking of Endeavour to the

Quest Airlock in preparation for their use during the mission's four spacewalks.[49]

  • With an extended docking ring Endeavour approaches the ISS.
    With an extended docking ring
    ISS
    .
  • Endeavour's starboard wing photographed by a Station crew member.
    Station
    crew member.
  • STS-134 and Expedition 27 crew inside the Harmony node shortly after docking.
    STS-134 and Expedition 27 crew inside the Harmony node shortly after docking.

May 19 (Flight Day 4 – AMS-2 installation)

AMS-02

The STS-134 crew installed the AMS-2 on flight day 4. AMS-2 was lifted out of Endeavour's payload bay using the Canadarm, operated by Drew Feustel and Roberto Vittori. It was handed off to

National Public Radio, Associated Press, Reuters and Fox News. The crew also answered questions that were relayed up to them by Miles O'Brien for Google.[51]

  • Dextre in the center as Station's Canadarm2 transfers AMS-02 for installation
    AMS-02
    for installation
  • Endeavour docked at the ISS
    ISS
  • Roberto Vittori floats through the Destiny laboratory.
    Destiny laboratory
    .

May 20 (Flight Day 5 – EVA 1)

The first spacewalk of the STS-134 mission was completed on flight day 5.

Cady Coleman
.

  • Astronaut Andrew Feustel participates in the mission's first EVA
    Astronaut Andrew Feustel participates in the mission's first EVA
  • Feustel during EVA 1
    Feustel during EVA 1
  • EVA 1 choreographer Michael Fincke works on the aft flight deck of Endeavour
    EVA 1 choreographer Michael Fincke works on the aft flight deck of Endeavour
  • STS-134 pilot Greg Johnson
    STS-134 pilot Greg Johnson

May 21 (Flight Day 6)

thermal protection tiles

On flight day 6, the members of Endeavour's crew performed a focused inspection of an area of thermal protection tiles on the bottom of the orbiter. The tiles were damaged during launch, and detailed data provided by the

Kibo module. The joint crew spoke with Pope Benedict XVI, answering several questions asked by the Pope.[54] This marked the first time a Pope has spoken to astronauts in space. Benedict also blessed Mark Kelly's wife Gabby Giffords, who had undergone skull surgery earlier in the week, and offered condolences to Paolo Nespoli for the loss of his mother.[40]

May 22 (Flight Day 7 – EVA 2)

Feustel during EVA 2

The second EVA of STS-134 was conducted on flight day 7 by Drew Feustel and Mike Fincke. The spacewalk, the sixth-longest in the history of spaceflight at the time,

Orlan suits
.

While the EVA was conducted, the rest of the STS-134 crew completed more transfers between the ISS and Endeavour.

Andrei Borisenko, the commander of Expedition 28
.

May 23 (Flight Day 8)

STS-134 commander Mark Kelly in the mid-deck of Endeavour

On flight day 8, the crew of STS-134 had some off duty time. Commander Mark Kelly and mission specialist Mike Fincke conducted an in-flight interview with 400 students from Mesa Verde Elementary School in Tucson, Arizona. Later in the crew day, STS-134 mission specialist Roberto Vittori and Expedition 27 flight engineer Paolo Nespoli answered questions from Italian President Giorgio Napolitano.

After the STS-134 crew went to bed, the Expedition 27 crew prepared for their departure. Expedition 27 commander

Ron Garan aboard the station.[57] Before re-entry, Soyuz TMA-20 performed a special fly-about of the ISS, taking numerous photographs of the station and of Endeavour.[58] Soyuz TMA-20 and the Expedition 27 crew landed safely in central Kazakhstan at 02:27 UTC on May 24, 2011.[59]

May 24 (Flight Day 9)

Ron Garan
pose for a photo.

On flight day 9, mission specialist Greg Chamitoff and pilot Greg Johnson conducted a series of interviews with media outlets around the United States, including

Ron Garan conducted an EVA procedures review in preparation for the third spacewalk on flight day 10.[60]

May 25 (Flight Day 10 – EVA 3)

On flight day 10, the third spacewalk of the STS-134 mission was conducted. The spacewalk made use of a new spacewalk pre-breathe protocol, called In-Suit Light Exercise (ISLE), instead of the normal campout pre-breathe protocol. The new pre-breathe protocol had the astronauts breathe pure oxygen for 60 minutes in the airlock, which had its air pressure lowered to 10.2 Psi (703hPa). The astronauts then put their spacesuits on, performed light exercise and rested for an additional 50 minutes, breathing pure oxygen all the while. After astronauts

Ron Garan in stowing new equipment and supplies on the ISS.[62]

May 26 (Flight Day 11)

Kibo Lab

On flight day 11, the crew of Space Shuttle Endeavour conducted a late inspection of the orbiter's

Greg Chamitoff spent the night in the Quest Airlock with the air pressure reduced to 10.2 Psi, so as to avoid decompression sickness during their spacewalk. The crew and flight controllers on the ground opted not to use the In-suit Light Exercise (ISLE) protocol that was tested during EVA 3 earlier in the mission, opting instead to go with the standard campout protocol, since it was discovered that ISLE used more carbon-dioxide scrubbing capability. They wanted to save this capability, since a CO2 sensor in Chamitoff's suit had failed during EVA 1, cutting that spacewalk short.[64]

May 27 (Flight Day 12 – EVA 4)

ISS

The final spacewalk of the STS-134 mission, and the final spacewalk of the Space Shuttle program, was carried out on flight day 12. The EVA was conducted by

Express Logistics Carrier (ELC) 3, and released some torque on the bolts that were holding the spare arm for Dextre down against the ELC. The EVA saw the total cumulative time spent performing EVAs in support of the ISS pass the 1,000-hour mark. The three STS-134 spacewalkers spent a total time of 28 hours and 44 minutes outside the ISS on this mission.[65] Commander Mark Kelly assisted with documenting the spacewalk by taking photos and video.[66] In the meantime, the rest of the shuttle crew completed more equipment transfers from Endeavour and the Johannes Kepler ATV
to the ISS.

Working from the mid-deck of Endeavour, Andrew Feustel, who participated in the first three spacewalks of the mission, was the EVA 4 choreographer. Astronaut

Mike Fincke achieved a milestone, becoming the U.S. astronaut with the most time in space, more than 377 days. He surpassed the time in space of astronaut Peggy Whitson
.

  • EVA 4 preparations in the Quest Airlock
    EVA 4 preparations in the
    Quest Airlock
  • Gregory Chamitoff during EVA 4
    Gregory Chamitoff during EVA 4
  • Fincke works outside the ISS during EVA 4
    ISS
    during EVA 4
  • Composite of images showing the view of the entire ISS as seen from ELC-3 during EVA 4
    Composite of images showing the view of the entire
    ELC-3
    during EVA 4

May 28 (Flight Day 13)

Flight day 13 saw the members of the STS-134 crew complete several major tasks. Mission specialists Mike Fincke and Greg Chamitoff replaced an absorbent bed in the Carbon Dioxide Removal Assembly (CDRA). The beds have to be changed from time to time in order for the CDRA to remove

Mike Fossum. The rest of the STS-134 crew completed more transfers between Space Shuttle Endeavour and the International Space Station (ISS). Commander Mark Kelly, joined by pilot Greg Johnson and Ron Garan, spoke with students, teachers and others gathered at University of Arizona in Tucson, Arizona. Johnson also spoke with representatives of Gannet, KPRC-TV and the Voice of America.[67]

  • Fincke performs CDRA maintenance work in the Kibo laboratory
    Kibo laboratory
  • Endeavour, backdropped by a night time view of Earth and a starry sky
    Endeavour, backdropped by a night time view of Earth and a starry sky

May 29 (Flight Day 14)

Flight day 14 was the final day for the STS-134 crew to complete activities on board the ISS. Pilot Greg Johnson joined Feustel early in the crew day and spoke with

WXMI-TV in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The transfer of supplies and equipment was completed on flight day 14, with the transfer of four bags of water from the shuttle to the ISS. Mission specialist Mike Fincke completed the work on the Carbon Dioxide Removal Assembly (CDRA) that he and Greg Chamitoff had started the day before. Chamitoff was joined by Drew Feustel to finish stowing tools that had been used during the mission's four spacewalks. Space shuttle Endeavour's small vernier thrusters were used to raise the ISS by about 960 metres (3,150 ft).[68] The later part of the crew day saw the Expedition 28 crew hold a farewell ceremony for the STS-134 crew. After the two crews said their farewells to one another, they got into procedures to close the hatches on the ISS and Space Shuttle. After the hatches were closed and secured, a series of leak checks were performed on both vehicles, and the Pressurized Mating Adapter 2 (PMA 2) was depressurized. The hatch closures marked the end of joint operations which totaled 10 days, 23 hours and 45 minutes.[69]

May 30 (Flight Day 15 – Undocking)

On flight day 15, Space Shuttle Endeavour undocked from the International Space Station. Endeavour had been docked with the ISS for 11 days, 17 hours and 41 minutes. After the shuttle undocked, pilot

Mark Kelly took over control of the shuttle. Kelly first moved the shuttle to a point 6,100 m (20,000 ft) behind and above the station, then to a point below the ISS. Kelly then guided Endeavour to a point 290 m (950 ft) below the ISS. This series of maneuvers was done to test the Sensor Test for Orion Relative Navigation Risk Mitigation (STORRM) sensors. For the rest of the day, the STS-134 crew conducted preparations for their reentry and landing.[70]

May 31 (Flight Day 16)

On flight day 16, the members of Space Shuttle Endeavour's STS-134 crew continued preparations for the shuttle's landing on flight day 17. Commander

Greg Chamitoff stowed items on the mid-deck for their return to Earth. Later in the crew day, they stowed the Ku band antenna for re-entry. The crew also performed several experiments, including an eye exam and the Ram Burn Observation (RAMBO2) experiments, and conducted a deorbit briefing to go over the procedures for the landing. The entire crew furthermore participated in in-flight interviews with ABC News, CBS News, CNN, NBC News and Fox News Radio, and sent a crew tribute to Endeavour down to the ground.[71]

June 1 (Flight Day 17 – Re-entry and landing)

The crew was awakened by mission control at 5:57 PM

reentering the atmosphere at approximately 2:03 a.m. At 2:25 a.m., Endeavour crossed the Florida coast. The shuttle landed safely in Florida at around 2:35 a.m. EDT, completing its 25th and final mission into space.[13][16]

Spacewalks

There were four spacewalks (EVAs) completed by three astronauts during the flight.[73] The total time spent outside was 28 hours and 44 minutes. The EVAs were the final EVAs conducted by a shuttle crew.

EVA Spacewalkers Start (UTC) End (UTC) Duration
EVA 1
Greg Chamitoff
 May 20, 2011
07:10 		May 20, 2011
13:29 		6 hours 19 minutes
Feustel and Chamitoff retrieved the two
ELC-2, which was already on the station. They installed jumpers between segments on the left-side truss, or backbone, of the station, for ammonia refills, and vented nitrogen from an ammonia servicer. They also began to install an external wireless communication antenna on the Destiny laboratory to provide wireless communication to the Express Logistics Carriers mounted on the station's truss, but the installation was cut short due to a bad CO2
sensor in Chamitoff's suit.
EVA 2 Feustel
Mike Fincke
 May 22, 2011
06:05 		May 22, 2011
14:12 		8 hours 07 minutes
Feustel and Fincke refilled the Port 6 (P5) radiators with ammonia. They completed venting the early ammonia system, and lubricated the port solar alpha rotary joint and parts of Dextre, a two-armed space station robot capable of handling delicate assembly tasks currently performed by spacewalkers. Fincke also installed grapple bars on the port radiators.
EVA 3 Feustel
Fincke 		May 25, 2011
05:43 		May 25, 2011
12:37 		6 hours 54 minutes
Feustel and Fincke installed a grapple fixture (a handle for the station's
Canadarm2 to grab on to) on the Zarya module
, to support robotic operations based from the Russian segment. They also installed additional cables to provide backup power to the Russian portion of the space station. The pair finished installing the wireless video system that was left unfinished during EVA 1.
EVA 4 Fincke
Chamitoff 		May 27, 2011
04:15 		May 27, 2011
11:39 		7 hours 24 minutes
Fincke and Chamitoff stowed the shuttle's 50-foot Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS) on the right-side truss on a permanent stowage fixture. The pair then retrieved a grapple from the station's left-side truss and used it as a replacement for the grapple previously on the boom. They then released restraints from one of the spare arms for Dextre and replaced thermal insulation on one of the spare gas tanks for the Quest Airlock. The spacewalk marked the completion of the US Orbital Segment of the ISS.

Launch attempts

Attempt Planned Result Turnaround Reason Decision point Weather go (%) Notes
1 29 Apr 2011, 3:47:52 pm Scrubbed — Technical 29 Apr 2011, 12:20 pm ​(T-2:36:01) 70% Heater failure in auxiliary-power-unit[74]
2 16 May 2011, 8:56:00 am Success 16 days, 17 hours, 8 minutes 70%

Wake-up calls

NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the

Gemini program, and first used music to wake up a flight crew during Apollo 15
. Each track is specially chosen, often by the astronauts' families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.[75]

NASA opened the selection process to the public for the first time for STS-133, where the public was invited to vote on two songs used to wake up astronauts on previous missions to wake up the STS-133 crew. For STS-134, the public was invited to submit original songs, with two songs being selected to wake up the crew of Endeavour.[76]

Flight Day Song Artist Played for
Day 2 "Beautiful Day" U2
Mark Kelly
Day 3 "Drops of Jupiter" Train Greg Johnson
Day 4 "Luna" José Serrano Gregory Chamitoff
Day 5 "We All Do What We Can Do" Dan Keenan and Kenny McLaughlin
Mike Fincke
Day 6 "In View" The Tragically Hip
Drew Feustel
Day 7 "Il Mio Pensiero" Ligabue Roberto Vittori
Day 8 "Times Like These" Foo Fighters
Drew Feustel
Day 9 "
Svegliarsi la mattina
" 		Zero Assoluto Roberto Vittori
Day 10 "Real World" Matchbox Twenty Greg Johnson
Day 11 "Countdown" Rush
Mike Fincke
Day 12 "Fun, Fun, Fun" Max Q STS-134 Crew
Day 13 "Will You Carry Me?" Michael FitzPatrick STS-134 Crew
Day 14 "Galaxy Song" Clint Black STS-134 Crew
Day 15 "Slowness" Calexico
Mark Kelly
Day 16 "Dreams You Give" Brian Plunkett STS-134 Crew
Day 17 "Sunrise Number 1" Stormy Mondays Mark Kelly

See also

References

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the

National Aeronautics and Space Administration
.

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