SUMKA

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"Sumka" redirects here. For tributary of Volga, see Sumka (river).
National Socialist Workers Party of Iran
حزب سوسیالیست ملی کارگران ایران زمین
AbbreviationSUMKA
Far-right[1]
Anthem"سرود حزب سومکا "
("Somka Party Anthem")
Party flag

The National Socialist Workers Party of Iran

Neo-Nazi[6] party in Iran. The symbol of the party was a highly stylised Faravahar, on their flag appearing in a similar arrangement to the NSDAP flag.[7]

Foundation

Davud Monshizadeh with SUMKA Command Khuzestan.
SUMKA Party House on Khanqah Street in Tehran; Nicknamed the "Black House".

The party was formed in the early 1950s by Davud Monshizadeh[1][8] and had a minor support base in Iranian universities.[citation needed] Critics of the late Mohammad Reza Pahlavi allege that he provided direct funding to SUMKA at one point.[9]

SUMKA ceremony, circa 1950s.

Development

Monshizadeh formed the SUMKA in 1952 along with Morteza Kossarian.

Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich and was deeply influenced by José Ortega y Gasset
's philosophy. The SUMKA briefly attracted the support of young nationalists in Iran, including Dariush Homayoon, an early member who would later rise to prominence in the country.[9] SUMKA adopted the swastika and black shirt as part of their uniforms.[9][11]

They were firmly opposed to the rule of

Tudeh Party.[1]

Shock troops

The party had an "

Imperial Iranian Air Force, was responsible for training the unit.[1]

Financial sources

Colonel Fateh was the official

patron of the SUMKA.[1] After the 1953 Iranian coup d'état, the party received a monthly stipend of 2,500 Iranian rial from the police and other security authorities. In 1958, Monshizadeh received US$7,000 from SAVAK to go to the United States.[1] The party was also possibly financed by foreign embassies based in Iran.[1] In April 1952, Iranian police reported that Monshizadeh was seeking to establish ties with the British embassy to get financial support. It was allegedly funded by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) through TPBEDAMN.[1][13]

Legacy

Although there are no known Neo-Nazi parties in Iran, advocates of Nazism continue to exist in Iran and are active mainly on the Internet, mostly on chat sites dedicated to reviving groups such as SUMKA.[14] As of 2010, they are reported to be a small yet slowly increasing minority of Iranian youths internationally.[15] It is said that the Neo-Nazi forums active in Iran were actually run by one of Monshizadeh's grandsons.[16]

Party branches

  • SUMKA – Iran Youth branch.
    SUMKA – Iran Youth branch.
  • SUMKA – assault group.
    SUMKA – assault group.
  • SUMKA – Technical unit.
    SUMKA – Technical unit.
  • Immortal unit and Leader emblem.
    Immortal unit and Leader emblem.
  • SUMKA Uniform diagram for shock troops and guards.
    SUMKA Uniform diagram for shock troops and guards.
  • Davud Monshizadeh with SUMKA members.
    Davud Monshizadeh with SUMKA members.
  • Davud Monshizadeh in an undated photo.
    Davud Monshizadeh in an undated photo.

See also

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-1107076068
    .
  2. ^
    ISBN 9781136820892
    .
  3. ^ The book of programs and principles of national socialism.
  4. ISBN 978-1316123874
    . SUMKA was the abbreviation for Sosiyalist Melli Kargaran Iran, or Iran's Nationalist Socialist Workers Party. This was a fascist organization founded in April 1951 by Davud Monshizadeh.
  5. ISBN 978-0300231465
    . Sumka was a small but openly fascist party that in every respect fashioned itself after the defunct German Nationalist Socialist Party.
  6. ISBN 9780674504691
    .
  7. ^ "Historical Flags of Our Ancestors – Flags of Extremism – Part 3 (O-z)".
  8. ^ MONCHI-ZADEH, DAVOUD. Encyclopedia Iranica. Retrieved from: https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/monchi-zadeh-davoud
  9. ^ a b c Hussein Fardust, The Rise and Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty: Memoirs of Former General Hussein, p. 62
  10. ^ Monshizadeh, Davud. Fight With Evil Series One: Principles of the Second Office Eagle.
  11. ^ Homa Katouzian, Musaddiq and the Struggle for Power in Iran, I.B. Tauris, 1990, p. 89
  12. ^ Mark J. Gasiorowski, 'The 1953 Coup D'etat in Iran', International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 19, No. 3. (Aug., 1987), p. 270
  13. JSTOR j.ctt1j5d815
    .
  14. ^ Maryam Sinaiee (24 November 2010), "Iranian ministry denies authorising neo-Nazi website", The National, archived from the original on 9 October 2017, retrieved 5 October 2017
  15. ^ Lorena Galliot (18 November 2010), "Who's behind the 'Association of Iranian Nazis'", France 24, archived from the original on 3 October 2017, retrieved 5 October 2017
  16. ^ "چرا سایت نازی‌ها در ایران فیلتر و رفع فیلتر شد؟". fa (in Persian). Retrieved 2024-05-24.
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