David Myatt
David Myatt | |
---|---|
Tanganyika | |
Nationality | British |
Other names | Abdul-Aziz bin Myatt |
Occupation(s) | Author, religious leader, and British far-right and Islamist militant[1][2][3] |
Years active | 1968–present: 1968–1998 (Neo-Nazism) 1974-2016 (Order of Nine Angles) 1998–2009 (Islam) 2010–present (Numinous Way) |
Known for | Neo-Nazism, Order of Nine Angles, Numinous Way |
David Wulstan Myatt
Early life
David Wulstan Myatt grew up in
According to Jeffrey Kaplan, Myatt has undertaken "a global odyssey which took him on extended stays in the Middle East and East Asia, accompanied by studies of religions ranging from Christianity to Islam in the Western tradition and Taoism and Buddhism in the Eastern path. In the course of this Siddhartha-like search for truth, Myatt sampled the life of the monastery in both its Christian and Buddhist forms."[11]
Beliefs and career
Political scientist George Michael writes that Myatt has "arguably done more than any other theorist to develop a synthesis of the extreme right and Islam,"[8] and is "arguably England's principal proponent of contemporary neo-Nazi ideology and theoretician of revolution."[12]
He described Myatt as an "intriguing theorist"[8] whose "Faustian quests"[8] not only involved studying Taoism and spending time in a Buddhist and later a Christian monastery,[13] but also allegedly involved exploring the occult, and Paganism and what Michael calls "quasi-Satanic" secret societies, while remaining a committed National Socialist.[13]
In 2000, British anti-fascist magazine
At a 2003
In addition to writing about Islam and National Socialism, Myatt has translated works by Sophocles,[19][20] Sappho,[21] Aeschylus,[22][23] and Homer.[24] He has also developed a mystical philosophy which he calls The Numinous Way[25] and invented a three-dimensional board-game, the Star Game.[26]
Alleged involvement with occultism
Myatt is alleged to have been the founder of the occult group the Order of Nine Angles (ONA/O9A) or to have taken it over,[27] written the publicly available teachings of the ONA under the pseudonym Anton Long,[28] with his role being "paramount to the whole creation and existence of the ONA". According to Senholt, "ONA-inspired activities, led by protagonist David Myatt, managed to enter the scene of grand politics and the global 'War On Terror', because of several foiled terror plots in Europe that can be linked to Myatt's writings".[29]
David Myatt has always denied such allegations about involvement with the ONA.[30]
George Sieg expressed doubts regarding Myatt being Long, writing that he considered it to be "implausible and untenable based on the extent of variance in writing style, personality, and tone" between Myatt and Long's writings.[31] Jeffrey Kaplan also suggested that Myatt and Long are separate people,[32] as did the religious studies scholar Connell R. Monette who wrote that it was quite possible that 'Anton Long' was a pseudonym used by multiple individuals over the last 30 years.[33]
Order of Nine Angles
The
Myatt is regarded as an "example of the axis between right-wing extremists and Islamists",[6][36] and has been described as an "extremely violent, intelligent, dark, and complex individual";[37] as a martial arts expert;[38][39] as one of the more interesting figures on the British neo-Nazi scene since the 1970s,[38][40][41][42] and as a key Al-Qaeda propagandist.[43] According to Daniel Koehler of the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism, Myatt "is a complex persona who defies simple answers to the question of why he changed groups and milieus so often and so fundamentally. It is also obvious, that during large parts of his life, Myatt was driven by a search for meaning and purpose."[44]
Before his conversion to Islam in 1998,[45][46][47] Myatt was the first leader of the British National Socialist Movement (NSM),[5][48] and was identified by The Observer, as the "ideological heavyweight" behind Combat 18.[38]
Myatt came to public attention in 1999, a year after his Islamic conversion, when a pamphlet he allegedly wrote many years earlier, A Practical Guide to Aryan Revolution, described as a "detailed step-by-step guide for terrorist insurrection",
In 2021 The Counter Extremism Project listed Myatt as one of the world's 20 most dangerous extremists.[53]
Political activism
Myatt joined Colin Jordan's British Movement, a neo-Nazi group, in 1968, where he sometimes acted as Jordan's bodyguard at meetings and rallies.[54] Myatt would later become Leeds Branch Secretary and a member of British Movement's National Council.[55] From the 1970s until the 1990s, he remained involved with paramilitary and neo-Nazi organisations such as Column 88 and Combat 18,[56][57] and was imprisoned twice for violent offences in connection with his political activism.[8]
Myatt was the founder and first leader of the
Of the NDFM,
It is also alleged that in the early 1980s Myatt tried to establish a Nazi-occultist commune in Shropshire,[38] and which project was advertised in Colin Jordan's Gothic Ripples newsletter,[66] with Goodrick-Clark writing that "after marrying and settling in Church Stretton in Shropshire, [Myatt] attempted in 1983 to set up a rural commune within the framework of Colin Jordan's Vanguard Project for neo-nazi utopias publicized in Gothic Ripples".[67]
Michael writes that Myatt took over the leadership of Combat 18 in 1998, when
Alleged influence on David Copeland
In November 1997, Myatt allegedly posted a
In February 1998, detectives from S012 Scotland Yard raided Myatt's home in Worcestershire and removed his computers and files. He was arrested on suspicion of incitement to murder and incitement to racial hatred,[49] but the case later dropped, after a three-year investigation, because the evidence supplied by the Canadian authorities was not enough to secure a conviction.[68]
It was a copy of the Practical Guide to Aryan Revolution pamphlet that, in 1999, was discovered by police in the flat of David Copeland,
Following the conviction of Copeland for murder on 30 June 2000, after a trial at the Old Bailey, one newspaper wrote of Myatt: "This is the man who shaped mind of a bomber; Cycling the lanes around Malvern, the mentor who drove David Copeland to kill [...] Riding a bicycle around his Worcestershire home town sporting a wizard-like beard and quirky dress-sense, the former monk could easily pass as a country eccentric or off-beat intellectual. But behind David Myatt's studious exterior lies a more sinister character that has been at the forefront of extreme right-wing ideology in Britain since the mid-1960s."[71]
According to the BBC's
Conversion to Islam
Myatt converted to
While, initially, some critics, specifically the anti-fascist Searchlight organization, suggested that Myatt's conversion "may be just a political ploy to advance his own failing anti-establishment agenda",[73] it is now generally accepted that his conversion was genuine.[74][75][76][77][78][79][80]
As a Muslim, he travelled and spoke in several Arab countries,[81] and wrote one of the most detailed defenses in the English language of Islamic suicide attacks.[82] He also expressed support for the Taliban,[6] and referred to the Holocaust as a "hoax".[47] An April 2005 NATO workshop heard that Myatt had called on "all enemies of the Zionists to embrace the Jihad" against Jews and the United States.[83]
According to an article in The Times published on 24 April 2006, Myatt then believed that: "The pure authentic Islam of the revival, which recognises practical jihad as a duty, is the only force that is capable of fighting and destroying the dishonour, the arrogance, the materialism of the West ... For the West, nothing is sacred, except perhaps Zionists, Zionism, the hoax of the so-called Holocaust, and the idols which the West and its lackeys worship, or pretend to worship, such as democracy... Jihad is our duty. If nationalists, or some of them, desire to aid us, to help us, they can do the right thing, the honourable thing, and convert, revert, to Islam — accepting the superiority of Islam over and above each and every way of the West."[47]
Departure from Islam
In 2010, Myatt publicly announced that he had rejected both Islam[84] and extremism.[85]
Notes
- ISBN 1-55553-331-0.
References
- ^ a b c d e Abrams, Joe (Spring 2006). Wyman, Kelly (ed.). "The Religious Movements Homepage Project – Satanism: An Introduction". virginia.edu. University of Virginia. Archived from the original on 29 August 2006. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
- ^ LCCN 2001004429.
- ^ OCLC 1030572947.
- ^ R. Heickerö: Cyber Terrorism: Electronic Jihad, Strategic Analysis (Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses), Volume 38, Issue 4, p.561. Taylor & Francis, 2014.
- ^ a b Langenohl, Andreas Langenohl & Westphal, Kirsten. (eds.) "Comparing and Inter-Relating the European Union and the Russian Federation", Zentrum für internationale Entwicklungs- und Umweltforschung der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, November 2006, p.84.
- ^ a b c Michael, George. (2006) The Enemy of My Enemy: The Alarming Convergence of Militant Islam and the Extreme Right. University Press of Kansas, p. 142ff.
- ^ a b Monika Bartoszewicz: Controversies Of Conversions: The Potential Terrorist Threat of European Converts to Islam, PhD thesis, University of St Andrews (School of International Relations), 2012, p.71.
- ^ a b c d e f Michael, George. (2006) The Enemy of My Enemy: The Alarming Convergence of Militant Islam and the Extreme Right. University Press of Kansas, p. 142.
- ^ Sunday Mercury, July 9, 2000
- ^ Sunday Mercury, February 16, 2003
- ^ Kaplan, Jeffrey (2000). Encyclopedia of white power: a sourcebook on the radical racist right. Rowman & Littlefield, p. 216ff; p.512f
- ^ Michael, George. The New Media and the Rise of Exhortatory Terrorism. Strategic Studies Quarterly (USAF), Volume 7 Issue 1, Spring 2013.
- ^ a b Michael, George. (2006) The Enemy of My Enemy: The Alarming Convergence of Militant Islam and the Extreme Right. University Press of Kansas, p. 143.
- ^ a b Theoretician of Terror, Searchlight, issue #301, July 2000.
- ^ Simon Wiesenthal Center: Response, Summer 2003, Vol 24, #2
- ^ Myatt was described by author Martin Amis as "a fierce Jihadi". The Second Plane. Jonathan Cape, 2008, p.157
- ISBN 978-1-4000-6097-9
- ^ Durham, Martin. White Rage: The Extreme Right and American Politics. Routledge, 2007, p.113
- ^ J. Michael Walton: Found in Translation: Greek Drama in English, Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp.206, 221, 227
- ^ Morawetz, Thomas (1996) Empathy and Judgment, Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities: Vol. 8, Issue 2, p.526
- ^ Gary Daher Canedo: Safo y Catulo: poesía amorosa de la antigüedad, Universidad Nur, 2005.
- ^ J. Michael Walton: Found in Translation: Greek Drama in English, Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp.206
- ^ Bethany Rainsberg: Rewriting the Greeks: The Translations, Adaptations, Distant Relatives and Productions of Aeschylus' Tragedies, Ohio State University, 2010, p.176f.
- ^ Smith, S: Epic Logos, in Globalisation and its discontents, Boydell & Brewer, 2006
- ^ Senholt, Jacob C: Political Esotericism & the convergence of Radical Islam, Satanism and National Socialism in the Order of the Nine Angles. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Conference: Satanism in the Modern World, November 2009. [2][permanent dead link]
- ISBN 9780814731550
- ^ Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas. Black Sun, NYU Press, 2002, p. 218.
- ^ Ryan, Nick. Into a World of Hate. Routledge, 2003, p. 54.
- ISBN 9780199779246
- ^ Ryan, Nick. Into a World of Hate. Routledge, 2003, p. 53.
- ^ Sieg, George. Angular Momentum: From Traditional to Progressive Satanism in the Order of Nine Angles. International Journal for the Study of New Religions, volume 4, number 2. 2013. p.257.
- ISBN 978-1-55553-331-1. Kaplan additionally states that the individual who used the pseudonym Anton Long was a friend of Myatt's in the 1970s and 1980s.
- ISBN 978-1-940964-00-3
- ISBN 978-1-57607-292-9.
- ^ pagan neo-fascists a belief in a primordial spirituality that has been supplanted by the Abrahamic faiths. Its doctrines are apocalyptic, predicting a final confrontation between monotheistic "Magian" civilization and primordial "Faustian" European spirituality. The skull mask network groups are not religiously monolithic, and most accept members who are not O9A adherents, but O9A philosophy has had a strong influence on the culture of the network. The O9A texts emphasize solitary rituals and the sense of membership in a superhuman spiritual elite. The O9A texts do not make social or financial demands on new adherents. Psychological commitment is instead generated through secrecy and the challenging, sometimes criminal, nature of the initiatory and devotional rituals. Because the rituals are solitary and self-administered, they create a set of shared 'transcendent' experiences that enhance group cohesion without the need for members to be geographically close to each other. Its leaderless structure and self-administered initiations make the O9A worldview uniquely well-suited to spread through online social networks, while the ritual violence used in O9A religious ceremonies contributed to the habituation of individual skull mask network members to violence.
- ISBN 3-531-14514-2, pp.61-64.
- ^ Raine, Susan. The Devil's Party (Book review). Religion, Volume 44, Issue 3, July 2014, pp. 529-533.
- ^ a b c d "Right here, right now", The Observer, February 9, 2003
- Independent.co.uk. Archived from the originalon 2 October 2015. The Independent, Sunday 1 February 1998
- ^ Arkadiusz Sołtysiak. Neopogaństwo i neonazizm: Kilka słów o ideologiach Davida Myatta i Varga Vikernesa. Antropologia Religii. Wybór esejów. Tom IV, (2010), s. 173-182
- ISBN 978-3-531-17191-3
- ^ Jeffrey Kaplan (ed.). David Wulstan Myatt. In: Encyclopedia of White Power. A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right. AltaMira Press, Walnut Creek, CA 2000, p. 216ff; p.514f
- ^ "Far right hate is spiralling out of control", The Independent, February 18, 2019.
- ISBN 9781108911283
- ^ Michael, George. (2006) The Enemy of My Enemy: The Alarming Convergence of Militant Islam and the Extreme Right. University Press of Kansas, p. 147.
- ^ Greven, Thomas (ed) (2006) Globalisierter Rechtsextremismus? Rechtsextremismus in der Ära der Globalisierung. VS Verlag, p.62
- ^ a b c Woolcock, Nicola & Kennedy, Dominic. "What the neo-Nazi fanatic did next: switched to Islam", The Times, April 24, 2006.
- ^ a b c BBC Panorama, June 30, 2000.
- ^ a b c Whine, Michael. Cyberspace: A New Medium for Communication, Command and Control by Extremists, Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, Volume 22, Issue 3. Taylor & Francis. 1999.
- ^ "Panorama Special: The Nailbomber", BBC, June 30, 2000.
- ISBN 9781137396211
- ^ "Ikke så ensomme ulve". Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 23 September 2012.
- ^ The Top 20 Most Dangerous Extremists", Jan, 2021
- ^ Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas. "Hitler's Priestess: Savitri Devi, the Hindu-Aryan Myth and Neo-Nazism", NYU Press, 2000, p.215
- ISBN 9781472514592
- ^ Goodrick-Clark, N. (2001) pp.215-217 Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity. (chapter 11 in particular)
- ^ Lowles, N. (2001) White Riot: The Violent Story of Combat 18. Milo Books, England; this edition 2003
- ^ Arkadiusz Sołtysiak. Neopogaństwo i neonazizm: Kilka słów o ideologiach Davida Myatta i Varga Vikernesa. Antropologia Religii. Wybór esejów. Tom IV, (2010), s. 173-182
- ^ Goodrick-Clark, N. (2001) p.50 Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity
- ^ Goodrick-Clark, N. (2001) p.217 Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity
- ^ Jeffrey Kaplan (ed.). David Wulstan Myatt. In: Encyclopedia of White Power. A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right. AltaMira Press, Walnut Creek, CA 2000, p. 216ff; p.512f
- ^ Taguieff, Pierre-André. (2004). Prêcheurs de haine. Traversée de la judéophobie planétaire, Paris, Mille et une Nuits, "Essai", pp. 788-789
- ISBN 0814731244
- ^ Spearhead. April, 1983
- ^ See also David Myatt and the Occult-Fascist Axis, in the anti-fascist magazine Searchlight, No. 241 (July 1995), pp.6–7, where it is stated that NDFM members, including Myatt, were involved in a series of violent attacks on coloured people and left-wingers.
- ^ Searchlight, #104 (February 1984) and #106 (April 1984(
- ISBN 0814731244
- ^ ISBN 1-58450-389-0
- ISBN 9781317190882, p.156.
- ISBN 3-531-14514-2, pp.61-64.
- ^ Sunday Mercury, July 9, 2000
- ^ Michael, George. (2006) The Enemy of My Enemy: The Alarming Convergence of Militant Islam and the Extreme Right. University Press of Kansas, p. 144.
- ^ Amardeep Bassey (16 February 2003). "Midland Nazi turns to Islam". Birmingham Mail. Retrieved 1 May 2006.
- ^ Miller, Rory (2007). British Anti-Zionism Then and Now. Covenant, Volume 1, Issue 2 (April 2007 / Iyar 5767), Herzliya, Israel.
- ^ "Common Motifs on Jihadi and Far Right Websites". Archived from the original on 23 September 2007. Retrieved 23 March 2007.
- ISBN 0-89526-078-6
- ^ Amis, Martin (1 December 2007). "No, I am not a racist". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
- ^ Amis, Martin. The Second Plane. Jonathan Cape, 2008, p.157
- ^ Alexandre Del Valle - The Reds, The Browns and the Greens or The Convergence of Totalitarianisms Archived 2011-07-07 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ http://www.quilliamfoundation.org/images/stories/pdfs/unlocking_al_qaeda.pdf[permanent dead link]
- ISBN 978-1-60750-536-5
- ISBN 978-1-60750-536-5
- ^ Karmon, Ely. "The Middle East, Iran, Palestine: Arenas for Radical and Anti-Globalization Groups Activity" Archived 15 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
- ISBN 9780230241299
- ^ Daveed Gartenstein-Ross & Madeleine Blackman (2019). Fluidity of the Fringes: Prior Extremist Involvement as a Radicalization Pathway. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. Taylor & Francis. [3]
- Barnett, Antony. "Right here, right now", The Observer, February 9, 2003
- BBC Panorama. "The Nailbomber", broadcast June 30, 2000
- BBC Panorama. "The Nailbomber" transcript
- Gary Daher Canedo: Safo y Catulo: poesía amorosa de la antigüedad, Universidad Nur, 2005
- Goodrick-Clark, N. (2001) ISBN 0-8147-3155-4
- Karmon, Ely. "Arenas for Radical and Anti-Globalization Groups Activity" Archived 5 November 2005 at the Wayback Machine, NATO Workshop On Terrorism and Communications, Slovakia, April 2005
- Lowles, N. (2001) White Riot: The Violent Story of Combat 18. Milo Books, England; this edition 2003 ISBN 1-903854-00-8
- Michael, George. (2006) The Enemy of My Enemy: The Alarming Convergence of Militant Islam and the Extreme Right. University Press of Kansas
- Tel Aviv University. "Anti-Semitism Worldwide 1998/9 United Kingdom", retrieved August 17, 2005
- Woolcock, Nicola & and Kennedy, Dominic. "What the Neo Nazi Fanatic Did Next: Switched to Islam" The Times April 24, 2006
Further reading
- Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas. (2001) Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity. New York University Press ISBN 0-8147-3155-4(Paperback)
- Kaplan, J. (1998) "Religiosity and the Radical Right: Toward the Creation of a New Ethnic Identity" in Kaplan and Tore Bjørgo (eds.) ISBN 1-55553-331-0.
- Kaplan, J. (ed) (2000) ISBN 0-7425-0340-2pp. 216ff; pp. 235ff; pp. 512ff
- Lowles, Nick. (2003) White Riot: The Violent Story of Combat 18. Milo Books ISBN 1-903854-00-8
- McLagan, Graeme. (2003) Killer on the Streets. John Blake Publishing. ISBN 1-904034-33-0
- Michael, George. (2006) The Enemy of My Enemy: The Alarming Convergence of Militant Islam and the Extreme Right. University Press of Kansas
- Ryan, Nick. (2003) Homeland: Into A World of Hate. Mainstream Publishing Company Ltd. ISBN 1-84018-465-5
- Sołtysiak, Arkadiusz. Neopogaństwo i neonazizm: Kilka słów o ideologiach Davida Myatta i Varga Vikernesa. Antropologia Religii. Wybór esejów. Tom IV, (2010), s. 173-182
- Weitzman, Mark: Antisemitismus und Holocaust-Leugnung: Permanente Elemente des globalen Rechtsextremismus, in Thomas Greven: Globalisierter Rechtsextremismus? Die extremistische Rechte in der Ära der Globalisierung. 1 Auflage. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften/GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden 2006, ISBN 3-531-14514-2