The Order (white supremacist group)
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The Order, also known as the Brüder Schweigen (German for Brothers Keep Silent or Brothers' Silence) and Silent Brotherhood,
The Order's main objective was to start a white supremacist revolution against the United States, after which blacks, Jews, "race mixers", and other perceived enemies would be exterminated. Inspired by The Turner Diaries, the organization declared war on the federal government, which they called the "Zionist occupied government".[6][7] The Order drew up a hit list of enemies, and on June 18, 1984 radio talk show host Alan Berg was murdered in front of his home by Bruce Pierce, assisted by other members of The Order.[8] Berg was number two on The Order's list.[9]
In December 1984, authorities were able to track Mathews down to a house on Whidbey Island where he refused to surrender.[10] During a shootout, the house was ignited by incendiary flares and became engulfed in flames, and Mathews was killed.[10] Mathews is considered a martyr by some white nationalists.[11][12]
History
The Order was founded by
A fundamental goal of The Order was revolution against the American government, which its members, and those of other white supremacist groups, believed to be controlled by a cabal of
Funding
Next, the group discussed how to fund actions of The Order, considering bidding on lumber-jacking and timber contracts, counterfeiting money, diaspora funding from overseas oil countries, and robberies. Though timber contracts were legal, counterfeiting money appealed to the ideals of the group in that it undermined the government by devaluing US currency. Robbery was first denied as an option due to its perceived sinful nature, until someone suggested they could rob pimps and drug dealers, which would raise money for the organization as well as set back street criminals in their businesses.[15]
The organization won a bid on a timber trimming contract for a trail in the Salmo-Priest Wilderness. After five hours of grueling work, Mathews decided to call off the work and head home. Headed back to the trucks, David Lane muttered, "Well, we're going to have to be better thinkers than our fathers were, because we're sure not the men they were,"[15] while Mathews mentions that the pay off from the job "would not fund the right wing for a week anyway."[15] The Order decided to try their hand at robberies, attempting to target pimps and drug dealers. After weeks of trailing black men in flashy cars, they realized they had no idea what a pimp or drug dealer looked like, [citation needed] and decided to switch to other crimes for funding.
The Order raised money through robbery. This began with the robbery of a pornographic video store, which netted them $369.10.
The Order also ran a
Downfall
The Order was ultimately brought down when a member, Tom Martinez, approached the FBI and offered to turn informant. His role in the organisation had been to pass counterfeit money and he had been arrested on June 29, 1984, for passing counterfeit ten dollar bills to buy liquor. After he was released on his own recognizance Mathews convinced him to go underground and during this period Martinez learned that Mathews intended to kill the liquor store owner in order to prevent him from testifying. When he learned of Mathews' plan, Martinez approached the FBI and offered to turn informant.[20][21]
Convictions
Ten members of The Order were tried and convicted under
A 2011
Members
Name | Associated Group(s) | Sentence | Status | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
David Charles Tate | Church of Israel | Life imprisonment without parole | Incarcerated at Southeast Correctional Center | [27][28] |
Richard Joseph Scutari | The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord | 60 years | Incarcerated at FCI Mendota[29] | |
Thomas Allen Martinez | National Alliance | 3 years probation | [30] | |
Andrew Virgil Barnhill | The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord | 40 years | Released on April 24, 2008 | |
Ardie McBrearty | Posse Comitatus | 40 years | Released on July 3, 1995 | [31] |
David Eden Lane
|
Aryan Nations | 190 years | Died while incarcerated at FCI Terre Haute on May 28, 2007 | |
Bruce Carroll Pierce | Aryan Nations | 252 years | Died while incarcerated at USP Allenwood on August 16, 2010 | |
Sharon Merki | LaPorte Church of Christ | 25 years | ||
Jean Margaret Craig | 40 years | Died in prison on April 18, 2001 | [32][33] | |
Denver Daw Parmenter II | Church of Jesus Christ–Christian | 20 years | [34] | |
Randolph George Duey | Aryan Nations | 100 years | Incarcerated at FCI Butner Medium
|
|
Frank Lee Silva | Ku Klux Klan | 40 years | Released on August 18, 1998 | |
Gary Lee Yarbrough | Aryan Nations | 60 years | Died while incarcerated at ADX Florence in 2018 | |
Zillah Craig | [35] | |||
Jackie Lee Norton | The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord | 6 months plus 5 years probation | [36] | |
James Sherman Dye | 20 years | [37] | ||
Robert E. Merki | LaPorte Church of Christ | 30 years |
The Order II (Bruder Schweigen Strike Force II)
The Order II, which is also known as the Bruder Schweigen Strike Force II, was an attempt to perpetuate the activities of the first Order by David and Deborah Dorr, both of whom were previously members of the
On August 7 of the same year, a 12-inch tube bomb exploded at Fred Bower's auto repair shop in Hayden, Idaho, causing about $2,000 in damage.[39] No casualties resulted from the incident. The two perpetrators, David and Deborah Dorr, and an alleged third perpetrator, Edward W. Hawley, were members of the Bruder Schweigen Strike Force II.[42]
On September 16, 1986, an explosion was reported in front of the house of a Catholic priest who lived in the city of Coeur d'Alene, in Idaho. The explosion caused no injuries. It only caused property damage.[43][44] On September 29, 1986, his latest attack targeted a federal building, a telephone and luggage store, and a restaurant parking lot in Coeur d'Alene, without causing any injuries.[39]
The
See also
- Atomwaffen Division, another American neo-Nazi terrorist group
- Fort Smith sedition trial
- Aryan Republican Army
- Elohim City, Oklahoma
Footnotes
- ^ Martz, Ron. "Klan marching staunchly to ultra-right". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on February 22, 2019. Retrieved February 22, 2019.
- ISBN 978-0-19-753761-9.
- ^ "American Front" (PDF). www.adl.org.
- ^ Jimison, Robert (August 17, 2017). "How the FBI smashed white supremacist group The Order". CNN. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
- ^ "Order, The". TRAC Terrorism. Archived from the original on January 17, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- from the original on December 14, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
- ^ "Oregon professor founded National Alliance hate group". Deseret News. June 10, 2006. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
- New York Times. September 17, 1985. Archivedfrom the original on November 14, 2007. Retrieved August 25, 2007.
- ^ Morris Dees and Steve Fiffer. Hate on Trial: The Case Against America's Most Dangerous Neo-Nazi. Villard Books, 1993. page xiiv
- ^ a b c "The Alliance and the Law". Southern Poverty Law Center. Spring 2007. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
- ^ "Robert Jay Mathews Last Letter". Archived from the original on December 1, 2005. Retrieved March 7, 2006.
- ^ National Vanguard Archived March 8, 2012, at archive.today
- ^ "Jury Told of Plan to Kill Radio Host (Subscription needed)". The New York Times. November 8, 1987. Retrieved August 25, 2007.
- ^ "Resurgent hate groups have long history in Washington state, Northwest". The Seattle Times. August 19, 2017. Archived from the original on February 26, 2019. Retrieved February 26, 2019.
- ^ OCLC 22700196.
- ^ "Global Terrorism Database". Archived from the original on April 28, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
- ISBN 978-1412980166.
- ^ "Free the Order Rally". Southern Poverty Law Center. Spring 2007. Archived from the original on July 11, 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
- ^ "New York Times - 2 Linked to Aryan groups plead guilty in plot". The New York Times. February 5, 1987. Archived from the original on October 7, 2017. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
- ISBN 978-0-8147-3745-3. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
- ^ "FBI Informant Helped Put Hate in Its Place". Los Angeles Times. October 19, 2003. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- New York Times. Retrieved August 25, 2007.
- ^ a b c "Extremism in America: David Lane". Anti-Defamation League. 2007. Archived from the original on August 18, 2004. Retrieved July 18, 2007.
- ^ The Denver Post Archived August 22, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, "Neo-Nazi gunman in Alan Berg's murder dies in prison," by Howard Pankratz (August 17, 2010 - retrieved on August 17, 2010).
- ^ DATA & GRAPHICS: Population Of The Communications Management Units Archived March 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Margot Williams and Alyson Hurt, NPR, 3-3-11, retrieved 2011 03 04 from npr.org
- ^ "Richard Scutari". Archived from the original on January 19, 2012. Retrieved December 5, 2011.
- ISBN 9780828320160.
- ^ "MODOC Offender Search".
- ^ Richard Joseph Scutari Archived January 8, 2022, at the Wayback Machine - Register Number: 34840-080 - Located At: FCI Mendota. Bop.gov. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
- ISBN 9780070406995.
- ^ "Ardie McBrearty". Archived from the original on February 5, 2021. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
- ^ "Camera Shop Owner Testifies Jean Craig Discussed Killing Berg". Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 30, 2020. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
- ^ "Jean Margaret Craig".
- ^ "Defense Attorneys Attack Order Member's Credibility". Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 30, 2020. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
- ISBN 9780573691584. Archivedfrom the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ "Survival Teacher Says Sect Members Bragged of Crimes". Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 30, 2020. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
- ^ "Robert Jay Mathews, founder of the white-supremacist group the Order, is killed during an FBI siege on Whidbey Island on December 8, 1984". Archived from the original on January 17, 2020. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
- ^ "Order II, The". Terrorism Research & Analysis Consortium. Archived from the original on January 17, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- ^ a b c "BOMBS ROCK IDAHO CITY TORN BY STRIFE OVER RACISTS". The New York Times. September 30, 1986. Archived from the original on June 2, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2002.
- ^ "GTD ID:198603060005". Global Terrorism Database. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- ISBN 9780791417591. Archivedfrom the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved December 6, 2002.
- ^ "GTD ID:198608070008". Global Terrorism Database. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- ^ Turner, Wallace (October 3, 1986). "IDAHOANS CALM IN FACE OF BOMBINGS". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 14, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- ^ "GTD ID:198609160002". Global Terrorism Database. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- ^ "Trio Indicted On Counterfeiting Charges". AP News. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- ^ "A small band of white supremacists arrested in several". UPI News. Archived from the original on November 4, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- ^ "Five neo-Nazis banded together in a bombing and counterfeiting". UPI News. Archived from the original on November 4, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- ^ "2 LINKED TO ARYAN GROUPS PLEAD GUILTY IN PLOT". The New York Times. February 5, 1987. Archived from the original on November 27, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
- ^ "He was not following orders". Seattle Weekly. October 9, 2006. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2020.
Further reading and listening
- ISBN 0-06-092789-5
- Flynn, Kevin J.; Gerhardt, Gary (1990). The Silent Brotherhood: Inside America's Racist Underground (OCLC 22700196.
- Söderman, Magnus; Holappa, Henrik. Unbroken Warrior: The Richard Scutari Letters. Nationellt Motstånd Förlag, 2011. ISBN 978-91-85737-04-8
- Josh Mattison. "The Order of Death". Apple Podcasts Preview (Podcast). Apple Inc. Retrieved February 24, 2023.