Blanke Bevrydingsbeweging
White Liberation Movement Blanke Bevrydingsbeweging | |
---|---|
Abbreviation | BBB |
Leader | Johan Schabort |
Founded | 1 June 1985 |
Dissolved | November 1988 | (banned)
Headquarters | Pretoria, South Africa |
Ideology | White nationalism Afrikaner nationalism Neo-Nazism Antisemitism |
Political position | Far-right |
Religion | Church of the Creator |
The White Liberation Movement (
History
The organisation was formed in June 1985 by Professor Johan Schabort.[2][3] It started as the support organisation for Schabort's Blanke Party (White Party), which existed only in name.[4] In June 1987 the BBB went public and sought to recruit members,[5] aiming at both Afrikaners and British whites.
Its honorary leader was Theuns Stoffberg, a former member of the
Activities
In August 1987 Schabort attended and spoke at a commemorative service for Rudolf Hess organised by the Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB).[8] The BBB would organise inflammatory meeting and marches. The BBB sought to link with international right-wing organisations.[9]
The BBB ran a "blatantly racist"
Ban
The BBB was banned, and restrictions were placed on the political activities of Schabort in November 1988, in reaction to the massacre of black people in Pretoria by
In December 1988, Schabort re-launched the BBB as the Blanke Nasionale Beweging (White National Movement) under the nominal leadership of Wynand de Beer; however, as its activities were clearly the same as the BBB, it was banned at the beginning of 1989.
The government lifted the ban on the BBB in February 1990.[14][15]
Schabort officially disbanded the BBB and the Blanke Party in 1990, and joined the Conservative Party.[16] Some members of the BBB, like Keith Conroy, would go on to support the Afrikaner Volksfront.
Later events
A few members, led by Jean Pierre du Plessis, sought to continue the BBB, with the BBB as the political wing to which would be added an underground organisation called the National Socialist Partisans (NSP). Schabort chose not to become involved.[17] Du Plessis continued to form the NSP as a cell; its flag was "basically white with a red cross and a swastika".[18] NSP members were arrested in 1991 for the murder of three black people at Louis Trichardt.
Following the bombing of a
Ideology
The
The AWB criticised the BBB for being anti-Christian and atheistic; the BBB's tendency was towards the
References
- ^ Kemp, Arthur Victory Or Violence - The Story of the AWB of South Africa Ostara Publications (2008) p111
- ^ a b c Zille, Helen, The Right Wing in South African Politics in Berger, Peter L. and Godesell, Bobby (editors) A Future South Africa: visions, strategies and realities Human and Rouseau (1988) p61
- ^ HOOFSTUK IV, NEO-NAZISME IN SUID-AFRIKA: MIMETIESE FASCISME, 1970-1995, p. 157 "Die Ideologiese Grondslae En Ontwikkeling Van Die Blanke Fascistiese Bewegings In Suid-Afrika, 1945- 1995," (The ideological foundations and development of white fascist movements in South Africa, 1945-1999) M.A. Thesis University of Pretoria (1999) Visser, Myda Marista p. 156
- ^ Kemp, Arthur Victory Or Violence - The Story of the AWB of South Africa Ostara Publications (2008) p96
- ^ Kotzé, H. & Greyling, A., Political Organisations in South Africa A-Z Tafelberg Publishers (1994) p111
- ^ a b c d HOOFSTUK IV, NEO-NAZISME IN SUID-AFRIKA: MIMETIESE FASCISME, 1970-1995, p. 157 "Die Ideologiese Grondslae En Ontwikkeling Van Die Blanke Fascistiese Bewegings In Suid-Afrika, 1945- 1995," (The ideological foundations and development of white fascist movements in South Africa, 1945-1999) M.A. Thesis University of Pretoria (1999) Visser, Myda Marista p. 157
- Independent.co.uk. 29 June 1993. Archived from the originalon 15 April 2010. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
- ^ Kemp, Arthur Victory Or Violence - The Story of the AWB of South Africa Ostara Publications (2008) p56
- ^ a b c Kotzé, H. & Greyling, A., Political Organisations in South Africa A-Z Tafelberg Publishers (1994) p112
- ^ Harvey, A.D., The "Save Rhodesia Campaign"-why it failed. Kommando 5, Maart-Mei 1988, p134. HOOFSTUK IV, NEO-NAZISME IN SUID-AFRIKA: MIMETIESE FASCISME, 1970-1995, p. 157 "Die Ideologiese Grondslae En Ontwikkeling Van Die Blanke Fascistiese Bewegings In Suid-Afrika, 1945- 1995," (The ideological foundations and development of white fascist movements in South Africa, 1945-1999) M.A. Thesis University of Pretoria (1999) Visser, Myda Marista p. 134
- ^ Schönteich, Martin and Boshoff, Henri Volk, faith and fatherland: the security threat posed by the white right Institute for Security Studies (South Africa)(2003) p19
- ^ South Africa History Online website[permanent dead link]
- ^ KRAFT, SCOTT (18 November 1988). "S. Africa Bans White Extremist Group : Move Is First Against Rightists in 40 Years of National Party Rule". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
- ^ Truth and Reconciliation Commission report Vol 6, section 3, chapter 6 p446
- ^ "CVET - Community Video Education Trust". www.cvet.org.za.
- ^ van Rooyen, Johann Hard Right: The New White Power in South Africa I.B. Tauris (2004) p96
- ^ Truth and Reconciliation Amnesty Hearings
- ^ "Truth and Reconciliation Amnesty Hearings".
- ^ "Beeld JOHANNESBURG FINAAL Dinsdag 26 April 1994 Bl. 4: BBB sê hy het bom in 20 Germiston geplant". Archived from the original on 3 July 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
- ^ Truth and Reconciliation Commission report Vol 6, section 3, chapter 6 pp445-446
- ^ Visser, Myda Marista Die Ideologiese Grondslae En Ontwikkeling Van Die Blanke Fascistiese Bewegings in Suid-Afrika, 1945- 1995 (The ideological foundations and development of white fascist movements in South Africa, 1945-1999) M.A. Thesis University of Pretoria (1999) p161
- ^ Visser, Myda Marista Die Ideologiese Grondslae En Ontwikkeling Van Die Blanke Fascistiese Bewegings in Suid-Afrika, 1945- 1995 (The ideological foundations and development of white fascist movements in South Africa, 1945-1999) M.A. Thesis University of Pretoria (1999) p164