Slavery in Poland
Serfdom in Poland existed on the territory of the
Terminology
Polish literature refers to this group of people as "unfree people" (
History
Part of a series on |
Slavery |
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The institution of
According to Samuel Augustus Mitchell, non-free people were emancipated in Poland in 1347 under the Statutes of Casimir the Great issued in Wiślica,[4] although there are indications that some form of slavery, in practice and law, continued at least till the end of the 14th century.[5] Throughout the remaining history of feudal Poland, particularly in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, much of the peasantry was subject to serfdom, which was often likened to slavery.[6][7] Serfdom was abolished in Poland in the 19th century during the times of the partitions of Poland.
Features
The slaves came primarily from the ranks of
Niewolni had a limited right to relocate themselves, and could own possessions.
Present day
Slavery is illegal in Poland. Poland is part of the European G6 Initiative Against Human Trafficking.[10] Contemporary slavery however still persists in Poland, just as it does in the rest of the world. According the Global Slavery Index, there were 128,000 people living in the condition of modern slavery in Poland as of 2019.[11]
Types of slavery found in Poland include
See also
- Jasyr
- Saqaliba
- Slavery in medieval Europe
- Tatar slave raids in East Slavic lands
- Anti-Polish sentiment
- Second serfdom
- Serfdom in Poland
Further reading
- Tymieniecki K. – Zagadnienie niewoli w Polsce u schyłku wieków średnich (The issue of slavery in Poland in the late middle ages), Poznań 1933
- Włodzimierz Szafrański. Problem niewolnictwa w pradziejach ziem polskich (issue of slavery in the prehistory of the Polish lands), „Acta Universitatis Wratislaviensis", „Antiquitas", t. 10 (nr 598), s. 143–154, ii., 1983
- W. Korta. Problem niewolnictwa w Polsce wczesnośredniowiecznej (The problem of slavery in early medieval Poland), „Społeczeństwo Polski średniowiecznej. Zbiór studiów”, t. II red. S. R. Kuczyński, Warszawa 1982
References
- ^ a b c d e Juliusz Bardach, Boguslaw Lesnodorski, and Michal Pietrzak, Historia panstwa i prawa polskiego (Warsaw: Paristwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1987, pp.40–41
- ^ Juliusz Bardach, Boguslaw Lesnodorski, and Michal Pietrzak, Historia panstwa i prawa polskiego (Warsaw: Paristwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1987, p.18
- ISBN 978-83-229-0756-6. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
- ^ Samuel Augustus Mitchell (1859). A general view of the world: comprising a physical, political, and statistical account of its grand divisions ... with their empires, kingdoms, republics, principalities, &c.: exhibiting the history of geographical science and the progress of discovery to the present time ... Illustrated by upwards of nine hundred engravings ... H. Cowperthwait & Co. p. 335. Retrieved 1 April 2012.
- ISBN 978-83-205-3317-0. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
- ISBN 978-1-4411-4812-4. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
- ISBN 978-0-8047-2702-0. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
- ^ Juliusz Bardach, Boguslaw Lesnodorski, and Michal Pietrzak, Historia panstwa i prawa polskiego (Warsaw: Paristwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1987, p.75
- ^ Helena Radlińska (1908). Z dziejów narodu: wypisy z źródeł i streszczenia z opracowań historycznych. Nakładem i drukiem M. Arcta. p. 212. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
- ^ Hepburn, Stephanie; Simon, Rita J. (2013). Human Trafficking Around the World: Hidden in Plain Sight. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 328.
- ^ "Maps | Global Slavery Index". www.globalslaveryindex.org. Retrieved 2022-04-14.
- ^ "2017 Trafficking in Persons Report: Poland". U.S. Department of State. Office To Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ^ Lasocik, Zbigniew; Rekosz-Cebula, Emilia; Wieczorek, Łukasz (October 2014). "Human Trafficking for Forced Labour in Poland – Effective prevention and Diagnostics of Mechanisms" (PDF). Council of the Baltic Sea States. ADSTRINGO Poland and Russia: Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings for Labour Exploitation through Partnership, Enhanced Diagnostics and Improved Organizational Approaches. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ^ Lasocik, Zbigniew; Rekosz-Cebula, Emilia; Wieczorek, Łukasz (October 2014). "Human Trafficking for Forced Labour in Poland – Effective prevention and Diagnostics of Mechanisms" (PDF). Council of the Baltic Sea States. ADSTRINGO Poland and Russia: Addressing Trafficking in Human Beings for Labour Exploitation through Partnership, Enhanced Diagnostics and Improved Organizational Approaches. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ^ Weis, Sebastian; Freundt (27 February 2017). "Cash for Kim: North Korean Forced Laborers in Poland". VICE. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ^ "Poland : A "land of possibilities" or modern slavery in Europe". Cafébabel. March 20, 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ^ Hinshaw, Drew; Ojewska, Natalia (January 26, 2018). "How Workers in Europe Earned Money for North Korea—Until Now". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ^ Hepburn, Stephanie; Simon, Rita J. (2013). Human Trafficking Around the World: Hidden in Plain Sight. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 359.