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{{Short description|none}}
{{Short description|none}}
{{Incomplete list|date=May 2024}}
⚫
Some of the most important [[exploration]]s of [[Complex society|State Societies]], in chronological order:

⚫
This is a list of some of the most important [[exploration]]s of [[Complex society|State Societies]], in chronological order:


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|-
|-
| [[Sahelian kingdoms]]
| [[Sahelian kingdoms]]
| 1351–1354
| 1351-1354
| [[Ibn Battuta]]
| [[Ibn Battuta]]
|-
|-
| Great permanent wind wheel of [[Volta do Mar]], the [[North Atlantic Gyre]]. Recognition of the [[Sargasso Sea]], [[Madeira]], [[Azores]] and [[West Africa|West African]] coast. [[Cape Verde]]
| Great permanent wind wheel of [[Volta do Mar]], the [[North Atlantic Gyre]]. Recognition of the [[Sargasso Sea]], [[Madeira]], [[Azores]] and [[West Africa|West African]] coast. [[Cape Verde]].
| 1427–1460
| 1427-1460
| Several navigators: Portuguese or serving Portugal, most under the sponsorship of [[Henry the Navigator]]
| Several navigators: Portuguese or serving Portugal, most under the sponsorship of [[Henry the Navigator]]
|-
|-
| [[Congo River]], [[Angola]] and [[Namibia]]
| [[Congo River]], [[Angola]] and [[Namibia]]
| 1482–1485
| 1482-1485
| [[Diogo Cão]]
| [[Diogo Cão]]
|-
|-
| [[South Africa]]. Connected the [[Atlantic]] to the [[Indian Ocean]]. [[South Atlantic]]'' [[Volta do Mar]]'' winds
| [[South Africa]]. Connected the [[Atlantic]] to the [[Indian Ocean]]. [[South Atlantic]] ''[[Volta do Mar]]'' winds.
| 1482–1485
| 1482-1485
| [[Bartolomeu Dias]]
| [[Bartolomeu Dias]]
|-
|-
| [[Caribbean]], [[Venezuela]] ([[South America]]) and [[Central America]]. Use and development of the North Atlantic [[Volta do Mar|routes]]
| [[Caribbean]], [[Venezuela]] ([[South America]]) and [[Central America]]. Use and development of the North Atlantic [[Volta do Mar|routes]].
| 1493–1502
| 1493-1502
| [[Christopher Columbus]]
| [[Christopher Columbus]]
|-
|-
| [[Atlantic Ocean]] ([[Volta do Mar|outer routes]]) and [[Indian Ocean]], ''Sea route to [[India]]'' ([[Europe]] to [[Asia]])
| [[Atlantic Ocean]] ([[Volta do Mar|outer routes]]) and [[Indian Ocean]], sea route to [[India]] ([[Europe]] to [[Asia]])
| 1497–1499
| 1497-1499
| [[Vasco da Gama]]
| [[Vasco da Gama]]
|-
|-
| [[Brazil]], South Atlantic [[Volta do Mar]], Indian Ocean, [[Madagascar]], gate of the [[Red Sea]] ([[Bab-el-Mandeb]] Strait); [[India]]. Voyage that united [[Europe]], [[Americas]], [[Africa]] and [[Asia]]
| [[Brazil]], South Atlantic [[Volta do Mar]], Indian Ocean, [[Madagascar]], gate of the [[Red Sea]] ([[Bab-el-Mandeb]] Strait); [[India]]. Voyage that united [[Europe]], [[Americas]], [[Africa]] and [[Asia]].
| 1500–1501
| 1500-1501
| [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] and [[Diogo Dias]], among others
| [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] and [[Diogo Dias]], among others
|-
|-
| [[Timor]], [[Moluccas]] ([[Australasia]] - Pacific Ocean)
| [[Timor]], [[Moluccas]] ([[Australasia]] - Pacific Ocean)
| 1512–1513
| 1512-1513
| [[António de Abreu]] and [[Francisco Serrão]]
| [[António de Abreu]] and [[Francisco Serrão]]
|-
|-
| [[Circumnavigation]] of the Globe. Connection from the Atlantic to the [[Pacific Ocean]] (Americas to Asia)
| [[Circumnavigation]] of the globe. Connection from the Atlantic to the [[Pacific Ocean]] (Americas to Asia).
| 1519–1522
| 1519-1522
| [[Ferdinand Magellan]] and [[Juan Sebastián Elcano]]
| [[Ferdinand Magellan]] and [[Juan Sebastián Elcano]]
|-
|-
| [[Mexico]]
| [[Mexico]]
| 1519–1521
| 1519-1521
| [[Hernán Cortés]]
| [[Hernán Cortés]]
|-
|-
| Brazil, [[Paraguay]], [[Bolivia]] and east of the [[Inca]] Empire
| Brazil, [[Paraguay]], [[Bolivia]] and east of the [[Inca]] Empire
| 1525–1527
| 1525-1527
| [[Aleixo Garcia]]
| [[Aleixo Garcia]]
|-
|-
| Traveled across the Southwest of [[North America]] (Completely)
| Traveled across the Southwest of [[North America]] (completely)
| 1528
| 1528
| [[Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca]]
| [[Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca]]
|-
|-
| [[Peru]], [[Inca]] Empire and [[Ecuador]]
| [[Peru]], [[Inca]] Empire and [[Ecuador]]
| 1531–1534
| 1531-1534
| [[Francisco Pizarro]]
| [[Francisco Pizarro]]
|-
|-
| [[Ecuador]] and Brazil. Length of the [[Amazon River]]
| [[Ecuador]] and Brazil. Length of the [[Amazon River]].
| 1531–1534
| 1531-1534
| [[Francisco de Orellana]]
| [[Francisco de Orellana]]
|-
|-
| [[Canada]], [[Saint Lawrence River]]
| [[Canada]], [[Saint Lawrence River]]
| 1534–1542
| 1534-1542
| [[Jacques Cartier]]
| [[Jacques Cartier]]
|-
|-
| [[Colombia]], [[Spanish conquest of the Muisca|Conquest of the Muisca]]
| [[Colombia]], [[Spanish conquest of the Muisca|Conquest of the Muisca]]
| 1536–1537
| 1536-1537
| [[Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada]]
| [[Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada]]
|-
|-
| [[Pacific Ocean]]'s [[Volta do Mar]] (Asia to the Americas)
| [[Pacific Ocean]]'s [[Volta do Mar]] (Asia to the Americas)
| 1564–1565
| 1564-1565
| [[Andrés de Urdaneta]]
| [[Andrés de Urdaneta]]
|-
|-
| [[Galápagos Islands]], [[Rapa Nui]]
| [[Galápagos Islands]], [[Rapa Nui]]
| c. 1480
| c. 1480
| [[Topa Inca Yupanqui|Tupaq Inka Yupanki]]. 1594-1597<br>Rediscovered by the Spanish
| [[Topa Inca Yupanqui|Tupaq Inka Yupanki]]. 1594–1597.<br>Rediscovered by the Spanish.
|-
|-
| [[North]], [[Canada]] ([[Hudson Bay]])
| [[North]], [[Canada]] ([[Hudson Bay]])
| 1574-1631
| 1574–1631
| [[Henry Hudson]]
| [[Henry Hudson]]
|-
|-
| [[North]]
| [[North]]
| 1594-1597
| 1594–1597
| [[Willem Barents]]
| [[Willem Barents]]
|-
|-
| [[Siberia]] and Pacific coast.
| [[Siberia]] and Pacific coast
| 1649-1641
| 1649–1641
| [[Ivan Yuryevich Moskvitin]]
| [[Ivan Yuryevich Moskvitin]]
|-
|-
| [[Oceania]]
| [[Oceania]]
| 1642-1643
| 1642–1643
| [[Abel Tasman]]
| [[Abel Tasman]]
|-
|-
| Brazil (Circumnavigation), Paraguay, Bolivia and Peru. Connected the [[Río de la Plata Basin|River Plate Basin]] to the [[Andes]] and to the mouth of the [[Amazon River]]
| Brazil (circumnavigation), Paraguay, Bolivia and Peru. Connected the [[Río de la Plata Basin|River Plate Basin]] to the [[Andes]] and to the mouth of the [[Amazon River]].
| 1648-1651
| 1648–1651
| [[António Raposo Tavares]]
| [[António Raposo Tavares]]
|-
|-
| [[Oceania]]
| [[Oceania]]
| 1768-1779
| 1768–1779
| [[James Cook]]
| [[James Cook]]
|-
|-
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|-
|-
| [[Central America]] and [[Latin America]]
| [[Central America]] and [[Latin America]]
| 1799–1803
| 1799-1803
| [[Alexander von Humboldt]]
| [[Alexander von Humboldt]]
|-
|-
| [[Indigenous peoples of the Northwest Plateau|Northwest Plateau of North America]]
| [[Indigenous peoples of the Northwest Plateau|Northwest Plateau of North America]]
| 1804–1806
| 1804-1806
| [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]]
| [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]]
|-
|-
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| [[Australia (continent)|Australia]]
| [[Australia (continent)|Australia]]
| c. 1640
| c. 1640
| [[Makassan contact with Australia|Makassar People]] before. Explored by Abel Tasman
| [[Makassan contact with Australia|Makassar People]] before. Explored by Abel Tasman.
|-
|-
| Interior of Africa
| Interior of Africa
| 1851–1873
| 1851-1873
| [[David Livingstone]]
| [[David Livingstone]]
|-
|-
| The [[Burke and Wills expedition]] (Central Australia)
| The [[Burke and Wills expedition]] (Central Australia)
| 1860–1861
| 1860-1861
| [[Robert O'Hara Burke]] and [[William John Wills]]
| [[Robert O'Hara Burke]] and [[William John Wills]]
|-
|-
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| [[Robert Falcon Scott]]
| [[Robert Falcon Scott]]
|-
|-
| [[Mount Everest]] Summit
| [[Mount Everest]] summit
| May 29, 1953
| May 29, 1953
| Sir [[Edmund Hillary]] and [[Tenzing Norgay]]
| Sir [[Edmund Hillary]] and [[Tenzing Norgay]]
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|-
|-
| [[Mars]]
| [[Mars]]
| 1960–present
| 1960 to present
| [[NASA]] and other [[space agency]] exploration robots
| [[NASA]] and other [[space agency]] exploration robots
|}
|}
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* [[Age of Discovery]]
* [[Age of Discovery]]
* [[European maritime exploration of Australia|Exploration of Australia]]
* [[European maritime exploration of Australia|Exploration of Australia]]
* [[Geographical exploration]]
* [[List of explorers]]
* [[List of lost expeditions]]
* [[List of lost expeditions]]
* [[List of Russian explorers]]
* [[List of Russian explorers]]

Latest revision as of 20:21, 1 June 2024

This is a list of some of the most important explorations of State Societies, in chronological order:

Exploration When Who (explorer)
Northwest African coast (West Africa) about 500 BC Hanno the Navigator
The Mediterranean Sea 5th century BC
Himilco the Navigator
Around western
Thule
Island 		about 330 BC Pytheas of Marseilles
Greenland, Iceland, and Faroes 900 Gunnbjörn Ulfsson
Americas (North America) 999
Leif Ericson
Brazil (South America) - controversial c. 14th century CE
Abu Bakr II
Sahelian kingdoms 1351–1354 Ibn Battuta
Great permanent wind wheel of
Volta do Mar, the North Atlantic Gyre. Recognition of the Sargasso Sea, Madeira, Azores and West African coast. Cape Verde
. 		1427–1460 Several navigators: Portuguese or serving Portugal, most under the sponsorship of
Henry the Navigator
Congo River, Angola and Namibia 1482–1485 Diogo Cão
Volta do Mar
winds. 		1482–1485 Bartolomeu Dias
routes
. 		1493–1502 Christopher Columbus
outer routes) and Indian Ocean, sea route to India (Europe to Asia
) 		1497–1499 Vasco da Gama
Volta do Mar, Indian Ocean, Madagascar, gate of the Red Sea (Bab-el-Mandeb Strait); India. Voyage that united Europe, Americas, Africa and Asia
. 		1500–1501 Pedro Álvares Cabral and Diogo Dias, among others
Moluccas (Australasia
- Pacific Ocean) 		1512–1513 António de Abreu and Francisco Serrão
Circumnavigation of the globe. Connection from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean (Americas to Asia). 1519–1522 Ferdinand Magellan and Juan Sebastián Elcano
Mexico 1519–1521 Hernán Cortés
Brazil,
Inca
Empire 		1525–1527 Aleixo Garcia
Traveled across the Southwest of North America (completely) 1528 Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
Inca Empire and Ecuador
 1531–1534 Francisco Pizarro
Ecuador and Brazil. Length of the Amazon River. 1531–1534 Francisco de Orellana
Saint Lawrence River
 1534–1542 Jacques Cartier
Colombia, Conquest of the Muisca 1536–1537 Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
Volta do Mar
(Asia to the Americas) 		1564–1565 Andrés de Urdaneta
Rapa Nui
 c. 1480 Tupaq Inka Yupanki. 1594–1597.
Rediscovered by the Spanish.
North, Canada (Hudson Bay) 1574–1631 Henry Hudson
North 1594–1597
Willem Barents
Siberia and Pacific coast 1649–1641
Ivan Yuryevich Moskvitin
Oceania 1642–1643 Abel Tasman
Brazil (circumnavigation), Paraguay, Bolivia and Peru. Connected the River Plate Basin to the Andes and to the mouth of the Amazon River. 1648–1651 António Raposo Tavares
Oceania 1768–1779 James Cook
North
Pacific, western Alaska
, Far East Eurasian Coast 		1771
Moric Benovsky
Hawaiian Islands By c. 800 Hawaiʻiloa (mythical)
Central America and Latin America 1799–1803 Alexander von Humboldt
Northwest Plateau of North America 1804–1806 Lewis and Clark Expedition
The
North Magnetic Pole
 1831-06-01 James Clark Ross
Australia c. 1640 Makassar People before. Explored by Abel Tasman.
Interior of Africa 1851–1873 David Livingstone
The Burke and Wills expedition (Central Australia) 1860–1861 Robert O'Hara Burke and William John Wills
Exploration of the Zambeze river region, Central Africa, Angola, Mozambique, Zambia, Zaire 1877
Serpa Pinto
The Northern Sea Route 1878 Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld
The
South Magnetic Pole
 January 16, 1909 Douglas Mawson, Edgeworth David, and Alistair Mackay
The North Pole April 6, 1909 Robert Peary
The South Pole December 14, 1911 Roald Amundsen
The South Pole January 17, 1912 Robert Falcon Scott
Mount Everest summit May 29, 1953 Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay
The Moon July 20, 1969 Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Buzz Aldrin (Apollo 11)
Mars 1960–present
space agency
exploration robots

See also

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