Steve Ballmer

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Steve Ballmer
Ballmer in 2007
Born
Steven Anthony Ballmer

(1956-03-24) March 24, 1956 (age 69)
Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
Education
Occupations
  • Businessman
  • investor
Known forFormer CEO of Microsoft
Co-founder of Ballmer Group
Owner of the Los Angeles Clippers
Spouse
Connie Snyder
​
(m. 1990)​
Children3
RelativesGilda Radner (second cousin)[1]
Signature

Steven Anthony Ballmer (/ˈbɔːlmər/; March 24, 1956) is an American businessman and investor who served as chief executive officer of Microsoft from 2000 to 2014.[2] He is the owner of the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is a co-founder of Ballmer Group, a philanthropic investment company.[3]

As of May 2025, Bloomberg Billionaires Index estimated his personal wealth at around $151 billion,[4] making him the eighth-richest person in the world, and the Forbes Real-Time Billionaires List ranked him as the ninth-richest person with a net worth of $118 billion.[5]

Ballmer was hired by

market dominance and missed out on 21st-century technology trends such as the ascendance of smartphones in the forms of iPhone and Android.[10][11][12]

Players and sportswriters generally consider Ballmer's ownership of the Clippers as an improvement over previous owner Donald Sterling, citing his willingness to acquire superstar players and finance the construction of Intuit Dome.[13][14]

Early life and education

Steven Anthony Ballmer was born on March 24, 1956, in Detroit, Michigan, as the son of Beatrice Dworkin and Frederic Henry (Fritz Hans) Ballmer, a German born manager at the Ford Motor Company.[2][15] Frederic (1923–2000) was from Zuchwil, Switzerland, and arrived in the United States in 1948.[16] Through his mother, Ballmer is a second cousin of actress and comedian Gilda Radner.[15] Ballmer grew up in the affluent community of Farmington Hills, Michigan. Ballmer also lived in Brussels from 1964 to 1967, where he attended the International School of Brussels.[17]

In 1973, he attended college prep and engineering classes at

college preparatory school in Beverly Hills, Michigan, with a score of 790 on the mathematical section of the SAT[18][19] and was a National Merit Scholar.[20]

Ballmer, the first in his family to graduate from college,

magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in applied mathematics and economics in 1977.[24][25]

Ballmer worked as an assistant product manager at Procter & Gamble for two years, where he shared an office with Jeff Immelt, who later became CEO of General Electric.[26] After briefly trying to write screenplays in Hollywood,[27] he started attending the Stanford Graduate School of Business for his MBA (where Mukesh Ambani was his classmate[28][29]), but dropped out in 1980 to join Microsoft.[30]

History with Microsoft

Ballmer joined Microsoft on June 11, 1980, and became Microsoft's 30th employee and the first business manager hired by Gates.[31]

Ballmer joined Microsoft with a salary of $50,000 plus 10% of the profit he generated and no equity.[32] However, Ballmer's profit-share started to balloon out of control as Microsoft grew. When Dave Marquardt suggested for Microsoft to reorganize as a corporation instead of a private partnership, he proposed that Ballmer own 8% of the company in exchange for cancelling the profit-sharing model. Paul Allen initially disagreed, but Gates and Allen reached an agreement when Gates agreed to fund an outsized majority of Ballmer's 8% stake.[33] When Microsoft was incorporated in 1981, Ballmer owned 8% of the company. In 2003, Ballmer sold 39.3 million Microsoft shares for about $955 million, reducing his ownership to 4%.[34] The same year, he replaced Microsoft's employee stock options program.[35]

In his first 20 years at the company, Ballmer headed several Microsoft divisions, including operations, operating systems development, and sales and support. In February 1992, he became Executive Vice President for Sales and Support. Ballmer led Microsoft's development of the .NET Framework. Ballmer was promoted to President of Microsoft in July 1998, making him the de facto number two after the chairman and CEO, Bill Gates.[36]

Chief executive officer (2000–2014)

Ballmer at the Mobile World Congress 2010

On January 13, 2000, Ballmer was officially named the chief executive officer; he would shed the title of president in February 2001.[6][7] As CEO, Ballmer handled company finances and daily operations, but Gates remained chairman of the board and still retained control of the "technological vision" as chief software architect.[37] Gates relinquished day-to-day activities when he stepped down as chief software architect in 2006, while staying on as chairman, and that gave Ballmer the autonomy needed to make major management changes at Microsoft.[38]

When Ballmer took over as CEO, the company was fighting an antitrust lawsuit brought on by the U.S. government and 20 states, plus class-action lawsuits and complaints from rival companies. While it was said that Gates would have continued fighting the federal suit, Ballmer sought to settle these, saying: "Being the object of a lawsuit, effectively, or a complaint from your government is a very awkward, uncomfortable position to be in. It just has all downside. People assume if the government brought a complaint that there's really a problem, and your ability to say we're a good, proper, moral place is tough. It's actually tough, even though you feel that way about yourselves."[39]

Upon becoming CEO, Ballmer required detailed business justification to approve new products, rather than allowing hundreds of products that sounded potentially interesting or trendy. In 2005, he recruited B. Kevin Turner from Walmart, who was the president and CEO of Sam's Club, to become Microsoft's chief operating officer.[40] Turner was hired at Microsoft to lead the company's sales, marketing, and services group and to instill more process and discipline in the company's operations and salesforce.[41]

Since Bill Gates' retirement, Ballmer oversaw a "dramatic shift away from the company's PC-first heritage", replacing most major division heads in order to break down the "talent-hoarding fiefdoms"; in 2012, this led

Businessweek to say that the company "arguably [had] the best product lineup in its history". Ballmer drove Microsoft's "connected computing" strategy with acquisitions such as Skype.[38]

Under Ballmer's tenure as CEO, Microsoft's share price stagnated

Office 365) and Server and Tools division (cloud services) are each larger than the Windows division.[47][43]

Ballmer attracted criticism for failing to capitalize on several new consumer technologies, forcing Microsoft to play catch-up in the areas of tablet computing, smartphones and music players with mixed results.[38][43] According to The Wall Street Journal, under Ballmer's watch, "In many cases, Microsoft latched onto technologies like smartphones, touchscreens, 'smart' cars and wristwatches that read sports scores aloud long before Apple or Google did. But it repeatedly killed promising projects if they threatened its cash cows [Windows and Office]."[43] Ballmer was even named one of the worst CEOs of 2013 by the BBC.[48] As a result of these many criticisms, in May 2012, hedge fund manager David Einhorn called on Ballmer to step down as CEO of Microsoft. "His continued presence is the biggest overhang on Microsoft's stock," Einhorn said in reference to Ballmer.[49] In a May 2012 column in Forbes magazine, Adam Hartung described Ballmer as "the worst CEO of a large publicly traded American company", saying he had "steered Microsoft out of some of the fastest growing and most lucrative tech markets (mobile music, headsets and tablets)".[50]

In 2009, and for the first time since Bill Gates resigned from day-to-day management at Microsoft, Ballmer delivered the opening keynote at

CES.[51]

Ballmer at MIX in 2008

As part of his plans to expand on hardware, on June 19, 2012, Ballmer revealed Microsoft's first ever computer device, a tablet called Microsoft Surface at an event held in Hollywood, Los Angeles.[52] He followed this by announcing the company's purchase of Nokia's mobile phone division in September 2013,[53] his last major acquisition for Microsoft as CEO.

On August 23, 2013, Microsoft announced that Ballmer would retire within the next 12 months. A special committee that included Bill Gates would decide on the next CEO.[54]

There was a list of potential successors to Ballmer as Microsoft CEO, but all had departed the company:

Chief Operating Officer (COO), was considered by some to be a de facto number two to Ballmer, with Turner having a strong grasp of business and operations but lacking technological vision.[57] On February 4, 2014, Satya Nadella succeeded Ballmer as CEO.[9]

Public image

Although as a child he was so shy that he would hyperventilate before Hebrew school,[27] Ballmer is known for his energetic and exuberant personality, which is meant to motivate employees and partners,[58] shouting so much that he needed surgery on his vocal cords.[27]

Ballmer's excited stage appearances at Microsoft events were widely circulated on the Internet as viral videos.[59][60][61] One of his earliest known viral videos was a parody video, produced for Microsoft employees in 1986, promoting Windows 1.0 in the style of a Crazy Eddie commercial.[62][63] Ballmer and Brian Valentine later repeated this in a spoof promotion of Windows XP.

A widely circulated video was his entrance on stage at Microsoft's 25th anniversary event in September 2000,[64] where Ballmer jumped across the stage and shouted, "I love this company!"[65][66] Another viral video was captured at a Windows 2000 developers' conference, featuring a visibly perspiring Ballmer repeatedly chanting the word "developers".[67][68]

Relationship with Bill Gates

Ballmer was Gates'

mind meld. Combative debates—a part of Microsoft's corporate culture—that many observers believed were personal arguments occurred within the relationship; while Gates was glad in 2000 that Ballmer was willing to become CEO so he could focus on technology,[27] The Wall Street Journal reported that there was tension surrounding the transition of authority. Things became so bitter that, on one occasion, Gates stormed out of a meeting after a shouting match in which Ballmer jumped to the defense of several colleagues, according to an individual present at the time. After the exchange, Ballmer seemed "remorseful", the person said. Once Gates leaves, "I'm not going to need him for anything. That's the principle", Ballmer said. "Use him, yes, need him, no".[69]

In October 2014, a few months after Ballmer left his post at Microsoft, a Vanity Fair profile stated that Ballmer and Gates no longer talk to each other due to animosity over Ballmer's resignation.[70] In a November 2016 interview, Ballmer said he and Gates have "drifted apart" ever since, saying that they always had a "brotherly relationship" beforehand.[71] He said that his push into the hardware business, specifically smartphones, which Gates did not support, contributed to their relationship breakdown.[72]

Retirement

After saying in 2008 that he intended to remain CEO for another decade, Ballmer announced his retirement in 2013, after losing billions of dollars in acquisitions and on the Surface tablet. Microsoft's stock price rebounded on the news.[73]

Ballmer says that he regretted the lack of focus on Windows Mobile in the early 2000s, leaving Microsoft a distant third in the smartphone market [in 2013].[74] Moreover, he attributed the success of the expensively-priced iPhones to carrier subsidies.[75] He went on to say,

People like to point to this quote where I said iPhones will never sell, because the price at $600 or $700 was too high. And there was a business model innovation by Apple to get it essentially built into the monthly cellphone bill.

Ballmer called the acquisition of the mobile phone division of Nokia his "toughest decision" during his tenure.[76]

Ballmer hosted his last company meeting in September 2013,[77] and stepped down from the company's board of directors in August 2014.[78]

On December 24, 2014, the

IRS sued Ballmer, Craig Mundie, Jeff Raikes, Jim Allchin, Orlando Ayala and David Guenther in an effort to compel them to testify in Microsoft's corporate tax audit. The IRS had been looking into how Microsoft and other companies deal with transfer pricing.[79]

In 2015, he and his wife co-founded Ballmer Group, a philanthropic investment company that aims to help children, particularly those in poor families, achieve economic mobility.[3]

In December 2023, CNN estimated that Ballmer was set to collect $1 billion in dividends from his ongoing ownership of Microsoft stock, after the company announced an increase in its dividend to $3 per share.[80]

Other positions

Ballmer was a director of Accenture and a general partner of Accenture SCA from 2001 to 2006.[81][82] Details about his remuneration in these positions remain undisclosed.[83]

On competing companies and software

Apple

In 2007, Ballmer said, "There's no chance that the iPhone is going to get any significant market share. No chance."[84]

Speaking at a conference in NYC in 2009, Ballmer criticized Apple's pricing, saying, "Now I think the tide has turned back the other direction (against Apple). The economy is helpful. Paying an extra $500 for a computer in this environment—same piece of hardware—paying $500 more to get a logo on it? I think that's a more challenging proposition for the average person than it used to be."[85]

On September 25, 2014, Ballmer said he would bar the team from using Apple products such as iPads, and replace them with Microsoft products.[86] It has been reported that he had previously also barred his family from using iPhones.[87]

In 2015, when Apple had become the world's most valuable company, Ballmer called Microsoft's decision to invest in Apple to save it from bankruptcy in 1997 as the "craziest thing we ever did".[88]

In 2016, Ballmer revisited his iPhone statements, saying, "People like to point to this quote...but the reason I said that was [that] the price of $600–$700 was too high". He said he did not realize that Apple was going to have phone carriers build the cost into the customer's monthly bill.[89]

Free and open source software

Main article: Microsoft and open source

In July 2000, Ballmer called the

"viral" licensing terms to express his concern over the fact that the GNU General Public License (GPL) employed by such software requires that all derivative software be under the GPL or a compatible license. In April 2003 he even interrupted his skiing holiday in Switzerland to personally plead with the mayor of Munich not to switch to Linux.[93] But he did not succeed with this and Munich switched to LiMux, despite his offering a 35% discount at his lobbying visit.[94]

In March 2016, Ballmer changed his stance on Linux, saying that he supports his successor

open source commitments. He maintained that his comments in 2001 were right at the time but that times have changed.[95][96]

Google

In 2005, Microsoft sued Google for hiring one of its previous vice presidents, Kai-Fu Lee, claiming it was in violation of his one-year non-compete clause in his contract. Mark Lucovsky, who left for Google in 2004, alleged in a sworn affidavit to a Washington state court that Ballmer became enraged upon being told by Lucovsky that he was about to leave Microsoft for Google, picked up a chair, and threw it across his office, and that, referring to then Google Executive Chairman Eric Schmidt (who had previously worked for competitors Sun and Novell), Ballmer vowed to "kill Google."[97][98] Lucovsky reports:[99]

At some point in the conversation Mr. Ballmer said: "Just tell me it's not Google." I told him it was Google. At that point, Mr. Ballmer picked up a chair and threw it across the room hitting a table in his office. Mr. Ballmer then said: "Fucking Eric Schmidt is a fucking pussy. I'm going to fucking bury that guy, I have done it before, and I will do it again. I'm going to fucking kill Google."[100]

Ballmer then resumed attempting to persuade Lucovsky to stay at Microsoft. Ballmer has described Lucovsky's account of the incident as a "gross exaggeration of what actually took place".[98]

During the 2011 Web 2.0 Summit in San Francisco, he said: "You don't need to be a computer scientist to use a Windows Phone and you do to use an Android phone ... It is hard for me to be excited about the Android phones."[101][102]

In 2013, Ballmer said that Google was a "monopoly" that should be pressured from market competition authorities.[103]

Sports

On March 6, 2008,

Professional Basketball Club LLC in order to keep the team in Seattle. However, this initiative failed, and the SuperSonics relocated to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, where they now play as the Oklahoma City Thunder.[104]

In June 2012, Ballmer was an investor in

relocate them to Seattle for an estimated $650 million. However, this attempt also fell through.[106]

Following the

Shelly Sterling to sell the team, it was announced on August 12, 2014, that Ballmer would become the Los Angeles Clippers owner.[107]

In March 2020, Ballmer agreed to buy

The Forum in Inglewood, California.[108] The purchase would allow him to build Intuit Dome in the nearby area since plans for a new Clippers' arena were opposed by the former owners of The Forum.[108]

In a survey conducted by The Athletic in December 2020, Ballmer was voted the best owner in basketball.[109]

Wealth and taxes

In 2021, ProPublica documented how Ballmer is using his ownership of various sports teams as a means to lower his federal income tax to as low as 12%, compared to around 35% for the athletes playing in the team. The report exposes how the Clippers were profitable before their acquisition by Ballmer, but then reported $700 million in losses for tax purposes in following years.[110][111]

In 2023, ProPublica did another report, about Ballmer's usage of wash sales helped by Goldman Sachs, under the label "Tax Advantaged Loss Harvesting", resulting in tax savings of more than half a billion dollars over 5 years[112][113]

As of 5 March 2025, Bloomberg Billionaires Index estimated his personal wealth at around $136 billion,[4] making him the tenth-richest person in the world, and the Forbes *Real-Time Billionaires List* ranked him as the twelfth-richest person with a net worth of $117.8 billion.[5]

Philanthropy

On November 12, 2014, it was announced that Ballmer and his wife Connie donated $50 million to the

board of trustees. The funds will go toward the university's $2 billion fundraising effort, and will focus on scholarships, public health research and advocacy, and external branding/communications.[114] On November 13, 2014, it was announced that Ballmer would provide a gift, estimated at $60 million, to Harvard University's computer science department. The gift would allow the department to hire new faculty, and hopefully increase the national stature of the program.[115] Ballmer previously donated $10 million to the same department in 1994, in a joint gift with Bill Gates.[116]

In 2022, Ballmer donated $425 million to the University of Oregon to fund a new institute for children's behavioral health.[117][118]

Ballmer is on the World Chairman's Council of the Jewish National Fund, which means he has donated US$1 million or more to the JNF.[119]

USAFacts

Ballmer launched

USAFacts.org in 2017, a not-for-profit organization whose goal is to enable people to understand U.S. government revenue, spending and societal impact. He is reported to have contributed $10 million to fund teams of researchers who populated the website's database with official data.[120][121][122]

Personal life

Ballmer married Connie Snyder in 1990, and the couple have three sons.[123][124][125]

The Ballmers live primarily in Hunts Point, Washington.[126] They own multiple homes in the Seattle area, and a total of 10 properties near Coupeville, Washington, as of 2024.[127][128]

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Business positions
Preceded by Chief Executive Officer of Microsoft
2000–2014 		Succeeded by
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