Tower Building (New York City)

Coordinates: 40°42′24″N 74°00′44″W / 40.7067°N 74.0123°W / 40.7067; -74.0123
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

This article is about the former building at 50 Broadway. For the current building at 200 Madison Avenue formerly known as the Tower Building, see 200 Madison Avenue.
Tower Building
Entrance to the Tower Building
Map
General information
Architectural styleGothic Revival architecture
LocationManhattan, New York City
Construction started1888
Completed1889
Demolished1913
Design and construction
Architect(s)Bradford Gilbert
Shortly after completion
Shortly before demolition

The Tower Building was a structure in the Financial District of Manhattan, New York City, located at 50-52 Broadway on a lot that extended east to New Street.[1][2] It was arguably New York City's first skyscraper,[3] and the first building with a steel skeleton structure.[1]

History

Architect Bradford Gilbert filed plans for its construction on April 17, 1888, it was completed on September 27, 1889 and demolished beginning in 1913.[1][2]

Though it was 108 ft (33 m) deep, the building had just 21.5 ft (6.6 m) of frontage on Broadway, necessitating its novel design.[1] Chicago's Home Insurance Building (completed 1884) was the first to use structural steel, but that building did not fully support its masonry elements on the steel frame.[4][5] On the narrow lot, a conventional design with load-bearing masonry walls would have left little room on the ground floor, but architect Gilbert asked, "Why can't I run my foundation far up in the air and then begin my building?"[5] Gilbert's design came from a railroad bridge turned on its end.[6] Cast iron columns about 20 feet (6.1 m) apart formed the skeleton, and the walls of each floor hung on a "shoe" instead of transmitting the load to the wall of the floor below.[7] The resulting structure was 128 feet (39 m) in height, and 11 stories high.[8] Gilbert made models to convince the city to permit the construction of his unusual design.[9] It was quickly followed by taller steel-skeleton buildings, including the Columbia Building in 1890.[7]

The Tower Building was sold by John N. Stearns in 1905, along with two adjacent buildings, for a reported price of about $1.5 million.

Standard Oil Company, purchased it in foreclosure for $1.68 million.[8] No longer profitable by 1913 due to its lack of tenants, it was vacated in December of that year and demolition began.[8] Demolition was complete in 1914; at this point the tallest building in New York, the Woolworth Building, was 792 feet (241 m).[7]

References

  1. ^
    ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved January 29, 2014.
  2. ^
    ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved January 29, 2014.
  3. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved September 21, 2017.
  4. ^ "Home Insurance Building". Retrieved January 29, 2014.
  5. ^
    ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved January 29, 2014.
  6. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  7. ^ a b c "City's First Skyscraper Now Being Razed While New Giant 800 Feet High is Planned" (PDF). New York Sun. January 4, 1914. Retrieved January 29, 2014.
  8. ^
    ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved January 29, 2014.
  9. ^ "The Tower Building". New York Architecture. Retrieved January 29, 2014.
  10. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved January 29, 2014.

External links

40°42′24″N 74°00′44″W / 40.7067°N 74.0123°W / 40.7067; -74.0123

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