Times Square–42nd Street station

Coordinates: 40°45′21.6″N 73°59′13.2″W / 40.756000°N 73.987000°W / 40.756000; -73.987000
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
"Times Square Station" redirects here. For other uses, see Times Square Station (disambiguation).

 Times Square–42 Street
 
355
StructureUnderground
Levels5
Other information
OpenedJune 3, 1917; 106 years ago (1917-06-03)[2]
AccessibleThis station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ADA-accessible (passageways to 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal and 42nd Street–Bryant Park are not ADA-accessible)
Traffic
202245,023,339[a][3] Increase 52.6%
Rank1[a] out of 423[3]
Location
Times Square–42nd Street station is located in New York City Subway
Times Square–42nd Street station
Times Square–42nd Street station is located in New York City
Times Square–42nd Street station
Times Square–42nd Street station is located in New York
Times Square–42nd Street station
Street map

Map

Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times except late nights Stops all times except late nights
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only
Times Square–42nd Street Subway Station
MPS
New York City Subway System MPS
NRHP reference No.04001016[4]
Added to NRHPSeptember 17, 2004

The Times Square–42nd Street station is a major

<F>, and ​M trains, is open during the day from 6 a.m. to 12 a.m.[5]

The present shuttle platforms were built for the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) as a local station on the city's first subway line, which was approved in 1900. The station opened on October 27, 1904, as one of the original 28 stations of the New York City Subway. As part of the Dual Contracts between the IRT and the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT), the Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line platforms opened in 1917, followed by the Broadway Line platforms in 1918 and the Flushing Line platforms in 1928. The original platforms were also reconfigured to serve the shuttle. The complex has been reconstructed numerous times over the years. The free transfer between the IRT and BMT opened in 1948, while the transfer to the IND station was placed within fare control in 1988. The complex was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. In the early 21st century, the shuttle station was reconfigured.

Excluding closed platforms, the Flushing Line and shuttle stations have one island platform and two tracks, while the Broadway Line and Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line have two island platforms and four tracks. All platforms and most of the station complex is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, except for the IND passageway, which has steep ramps at both ends. The Times Square–42nd Street complex, including the Eighth Avenue Line, is the busiest station complex in the system, serving 65,020,294 passengers in 2019.[3]

History

The

fare control on December 11, 1988.[9]

First subway

A section of the original IRT northbound platform at Times Square, now a closed-off section of the track 4 shuttle platform

Planning for a

Fourth Avenue, 42nd Street, and Broadway. A previous proposal had called for the entire length of the subway to use Broadway, but the "awkward alignment...along Forty-Second Street", as the commission put it, was necessitated by objections to using the southernmost section of Broadway. Legal challenges were resolved near the end of 1899.[10]: 148  The Rapid Transit Construction Company, organized by John B. McDonald and funded by August Belmont Jr., signed the initial Contract 1 with the Rapid Transit Commission in February 1900,[12] in which it would construct the subway and maintain a 50-year operating lease from the opening of the line.[10]: 165  In 1901, the firm of Heins & LaFarge was hired to design the underground stations.[11]: 4  Belmont incorporated the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) in April 1902 to operate the subway.[10]
: 182 

The present shuttle station at Times Square–42nd Street was constructed as part of the route segment underneath 42nd Street and Times Square, which extended from Park Avenue and 41st Street to Broadway and 47th Street. Construction on this section of the line began on February 25, 1901. Work for that section had been awarded to Degnon-McLean.[12] By late 1903, the subway was nearly complete, but the IRT Powerhouse and the system's electrical substations were still under construction, delaying the system's opening.[10]: 186 [13] After the New York City Board of Aldermen renamed Longacre Square to Times Square, in April 1904, the Rapid Transit Commission agreed to rename the subway station at Broadway and 42nd Street as the "Times Station".[14] As late as October 26, 1904, the day before the subway was scheduled to open, the walls and ceilings were incomplete.[15]

The Times Square station opened on October 27, 1904, as one of the original 28 stations of the New York City Subway from

Lenox Avenue (145th Street).[20]

Expansion

To address overcrowding, in 1909, the New York Public Service Commission (PSC) proposed lengthening the platforms at stations along the original IRT subway.[21]: 168  As part of a modification to the IRT's construction contracts made on January 18, 1910, the company was to lengthen station platforms to accommodate ten-car express and six-car local trains. In addition to $1.5 million (equivalent to $49.1 million in 2023) spent on platform lengthening, $500,000 (equivalent to $16.4 million in 2023) was spent on building additional entrances and exits. It was anticipated that these improvements would increase capacity by 25 percent.[22]: 15  Platforms at local stations, such as the Times Square station, were lengthened by between 20 and 30 feet (6.1 and 9.1 m). The northbound platform was extended to the north and south, while the southbound platform was lengthened to the south, necessitating a reconfiguration of the Knickerbocker Hotel entrance.[22]: 109–110 

Dual Contracts

The Dual Contracts were formalized in March 1913, specifying new lines or expansions to be built by the IRT and the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT). As part of the Dual Contracts, the Public Service Commission planned to split the original IRT system into three segments: two north–south lines, carrying through trains over the Lexington Avenue and Broadway–Seventh Avenue Lines, and an east–west shuttle under 42nd Street. This would form a roughly H-shaped system. The original alignment under 42nd Street would become a shuttle service, and a new set of platforms would be built for the Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line.[23]

IRT "H" system

In December 1913, the PSC began soliciting bids for the construction of the Seventh Avenue Line tunnel between 42nd and 30th Streets, including two express stations at 34th and 42nd Streets.[24] The new IRT line was to cross the original subway tunnel at a flat junction near 45th Street, necessitating that the new station be placed between 40th and 42nd Streets.[25] The PSC awarded a $2.2 million contract to an IRT subsidiary,[26] and the Board of Estimate approved the contract the next month.[27]

The next contract to be awarded was for the section between 42nd and 44th Streets.[28] The Oscar Daniels Company submitted a low bid for the construction of that section,[29][30] Despite protests from IRT officials, who said their bid was more expensive because it included additional safety measures,[31] the commission refused to re-award the contract to the IRT.[32] The construction of the new junction included rebuilding the roof, moving pillars, and demolishing part of the original subway tunnel's wall.[33] The new tunnel had been excavated northward to the existing IRT line by June 1915,[34] and workers were laying tracks for the new tunnel by 1916.[35]

The Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line station opened on June 3, 1917, as part of an extension of the IRT to

South Ferry.[2][36] A shuttle service ran between Times Square and Penn Station until the rest of the extension opened a year later on July 1, 1918.[37][38] Afterward, the shuttle ran from Times Square to South Ferry.[38][39] On August 1, the Dual Contracts' "H system" was put into service, and the former main line platforms became part of the 42nd Street Shuttle.[40] Initially, a temporary wooden platform was placed over track 2 of the original subway,[40] and black bands were painted on the walls to guide passengers to the shuttle platforms.[41]

The Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line station was the site of a

Malbone Street Wreck in Brooklyn, which killed at least 93).[42][43]

BRT platforms

Also planned under the Dual Contracts was the Broadway Line of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT; after 1923, the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation or BMT[44]). The Broadway Line station was planned as a local station, with the express station to be located between 47th and 49th Streets.[25] Opponents of the plan said it would cause large amounts of confusion, as Times Square was a "natural" transfer point.[45] In February 1914, the PSC ordered the BRT to make the Broadway Line's 42nd Street station an express station.[46][47] The change was made at the insistence of Brooklynites who wanted an express station in the Theater District of Manhattan.[48]

The BRT station was to have two small mezzanines above the platforms, one each at 40th and 42nd Streets, but local civic group Broadway Association advocated for a connection between the two mezzanines.

Rector Street.[52] Through service began operating in July 1919 when the line was extended northward.[53][54]

Flushing Line

The Dual Contracts also included completing and opening the

Grand Central–42nd Street and Queens had opened on June 22, 1915.[59]

In July 1920, the PSC announced it would extend the Flushing Line two stops west to Times Square, with an intermediate station under Bryant Park.[60][61] On November 9, 1921, the New York State Transit Commission opened up the contract for the extension for bidding. The extension would take a slightly different route than the one specified in the Dual Contracts. The original proposal had the line constructed under 42nd Street to a point just to the east of Broadway, which would have forced riders transferring to the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line to walk a long distance.[62]

The Times Square station would be designed at a lower level than the two existing stations at Times Square. It would have two upper mezzanines connected by passageways: a mezzanine east of Seventh Avenue extending to Broadway, and one west of Seventh Avenue. Escalators would connect these upper mezzanines with the lower mezzanine, and a provision would be made to permit the installation of an escalator to the east of Seventh Avenue. There would be two entrances at street level at each of the western corners of 41st Street and Broadway, and two entrances at the northeastern corner of 41st Street and Seventh Avenue.[62] The project was expected to reduce crowding on the 42nd Street Shuttle by enabling riders to use the Queensboro Subway to directly access Times Square. 24,000 of the estimated 100,000 daily shuttle riders transferred to and from the Queensboro Subway. The line was to extend as far as Eighth Avenue to connect with the proposed IND Eighth Avenue Line.[63][64]

On November 22, 1921, the Powers-Kennedy Contracting Corporation was awarded a contract to construct the extension on a low bid of $3,867,138, below the estimated cost of over $4 million.[62] This low bid was the narrowest margin ever recorded for any large city contract, beating out the next highest bidder by 0.7 percent. While the contractor was provided four years to complete work, engineers expected to reduce the time needed to do so to as little as three years. Since work on the project had to be completed underneath the foundations of several large buildings, such as theatres, and the north end of the New York Public Library, the contractor had to provide a $1 million bond.[65] Powers-Kennedy started excavating the line westward from Grand Central in May 1922. The Flushing Line extension was to run beneath the original line from Vanderbilt to Fifth Avenue.[66] The contractors had completed the tunnels to Fifth Avenue by May 1923,[67] and the Fifth Avenue station opened on March 22, 1926, as the temporary western terminus of the line.[68][69][70] In fall 1926, it was announced that the line would be completed by January 1, 1927.[71]

In June 1926, the Ascher Company was awarded a contract to complete the Flushing Line's Times Square station.[72] On February 8, 1927, the New York City Board of Transportation informed the New York State Transit Commission that work on the Times Square station was sufficiently completed to enable the start of train service beginning on February 19, 1927, with the completion of work to a point between Eighth Avenue and Seventh Avenue. Plans for the construction of an extension of the line to between Eighth Avenue and Ninth Avenue to provide a physical connection with the IND Eighth Avenue Line were underway.[73] On March 1, 1927, the opening of the line was set for March 15, the third time an opening date was set for the line. Work had been postponed given the amount of work that remained to be completed. The opening of the line was about a year behind the April 29, 1926, date specified in the contract. The delay was the result of surprisingly difficult construction. The Board of Transportation had withheld retained percentages, as allowed in the contract, penalizing the contractor, and trying to incentivize it to speed up work. No retained percentages were provided to the contractor until February 1927.[71] The Flushing Line was extended to Times Square on March 14, 1927.[74][75]

A pedestrian passageway under 41st Street, connecting the Independent Subway System (IND)'s 42nd Street station with the IRT and BMT stations at Times Square, opened on December 24, 1932; the passageway included an entrance on 41st Street between Seventh and Eighth Avenues.[7] Passengers had to pay an additional fare to transfer to and from the IND.[76]

Mid-20th century

1930s to 1950s

In Fiscal Year 1937, the express-track side of the southbound Broadway–Seventh Avenue platform was extended 6.5 feet (2.0 m) to the south to provide ample space at the center door of ten-car trains. In addition, the IRT opened a new entrance to the northwestern corner of Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street through the Rialto Building,[77] on the site of the Rialto Theatre.[78]

The city government took over the BMT's operations on June 1, 1940. At midnight, a ceremony commemorating the transfer, with five hundred people in attendance, was held at the Times Square station. The last BMT train had left the

Fiorello H. LaGuardia, who then gave them to New York City Board of Transportation chairman John H. Delaney.[79][80] The city government then took over the IRT's operations on June 12, 1940.[81][82] The Board of Transportation operated the New York City transit system until the creation of the New York City Transit Authority in 1953.[83]

As part of a pilot program, the BOT installed three-dimensional advertisements at the Times Square station in late 1948.[84][85] The New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA), the BOT's successor, announced plans in 1956 to add fluorescent lights across the entire Times Square station complex.[86] The Flushing Line platforms at Times Square, as well as platforms at all other stations on the Flushing Line with the exception of

Queensboro Plaza, were extended in 1955–1956 to accommodate 11-car trains.[87] One of the complex's entrances on 43rd Street was closed in 1957 to make way for a Times Square visitor center.[88] This entrance was rebuilt next to the information center after numerous protests,[89] and it reopened in July 1958.[90]

1960s to 1980s

A new entrance at the southwest corner of Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street opened in 1964, and a shopping arcade within the basement of the Rialto Building was closed in July 1967.[91] The BMT station received a minor overhaul in the late 1970s when the MTA fixed the station's structure and the overall appearance, and it repaired staircases and platform edges, removed pedestrian ramps, and replaced lighting.

By the 1970s, city officials planned to raise funds for a renovation of the Times Square station complex, using sales-tax revenue from materials used in the construction of the

CCTV screens at the Columbus Circle subway station. The MTA expanded the experiment to the Times Square–42nd Street station in 1983.[93] The cameras were deactivated in 1985 after further tests showed that their presence did not help reduce crime.[94] The MTA considered transferring 220 CCTV cameras from these stations to token booths at the stations with the most crime.[95] On August 1, 1988, the passageway between the IND Eighth Avenue Line station and the IRT/BMT complex was finally placed within fare control.[96] The two previously-separate stations had the highest crime rates in the system at the time.[97]

Late 20th and early 21st centuries

The

Prudential Insurance and Park Tower Realty was given permission to postpone the construction of these buildings.[100][101]

The station underwent total reconstruction in stages starting in 1994.[6] Phase 1 rebuilt the Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line platforms with a new mezzanine, stairs, and elevators, and was completed in 2002. Phase 2, finished in 2006, rebuilt the Broadway Line, Flushing Line, and Eighth Avenue Line portions of the station.[6]

Phase 1 and 2 renovation

In 1995, the MTA announced it would build a main entrance on the south side of 42nd Street between Seventh Avenue and Broadway. The site of the new entrance was occupied at the time by an "interim" retail space.[102] Originally, the MTA had proposed consolidating 11 separate entrances to the complex into one full-time main entrance and four part-time entrances.[103] The new main entrance opened in July 1997. It features a bright neon and colored glass flashing sign with train route symbols and the word "Subway", as well as an elevator and escalators.[104]

In July 1998, the MTA started accepting bids for the renovation of the Times Square station. The first phase would include renovating the Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line platforms, part of the Broadway Line platforms, and the mezzanine, while the second phase would cover the rest of the station. The goal was to reduce congestion and improve rider access, comfort and safety by improving visual lines and increasing pedestrian capacity. The main corridor would be widened 15 feet (4.6 m) and the number of sharp corners would be reduced. In addition, there would be new

escalators, and wider corridors and stairs. William Nicholas Bodouva & Associates designed the materials for the renovation.[105] Slattery Skanska, a firm owned by Slattery Associates and Skanska, received an $82.8 million contract for the station's renovation in December 1998.[106] Bovis Lend Lease and CTE Engineers served as construction managers for the first two phases of the project.[107]

The renovation of the complex began when the entrances at the northwest and southwest corners of 42nd Street and Seventh Avenue were temporarily closed in May 1999.

Rudin Management to pay $1.3 million instead of adding two escalators.[109]

The second phase cost $91 million. This phase included converting 7,000 sq ft (650 m2) of storage rooms to offices; widening a mezzanine from 12 to 60 feet (3.7 to 18.3 m); razing a 120-foot-long (37 m) passageway that contained a "mixing bowl" of stairs and elevators; and refurbishing the 700-foot-long (210 m) passageway leading from the IND station to the rest of the complex.

Business Improvement District.[110] Record Mart reopened in 2007 on the south side of the IRT/BMT corridor, and when it closed permanently in 2020, it had been Manhattan's oldest operating record store.[111]

Phase 3 renovation

During the third phase of the station's renovation, the shuttle platform would have been relocated 250 feet (76 m), and a new island platform for the shuttle would have been created. By 2004, the work was planned to be completed in 2006 at a cost of $85 million.

Fifth Avenue station.[113][114][115]

Widened platform at Times Square
Widened platform at Times Square, which was built during the restoration project
A platform and track, with a blue construction wall blocking off the space behind the track
Track 1 platform at the start of construction; Track 3 (since removed) is blocked off by a blue construction wall

The entire Times Square station was rehabilitated with congestion mitigation measures. A wider stairway was installed from the shuttle mezzanine to street level, and a new control area was installed at the bottom of the stairway. The cost of this part of the project is $30 million.[113][114] In conjunction, a second project added access to the Times Square complex. As part of the project, the eastern platform was closed to public access, and the exit to 43rd Street was closed, covered over, and turned into an emergency exit, starting on October 19, 2019. This entrance would be replaced by a new entrance with a 15 foot (4.6 m) wide stairway covered by a canopy.[116] The staircase would lead from the shuttle mezzanine to street level, blocking portions of the station's original finishes. A new control area would be installed at the bottom of the stairway. To further increase capacity, 21 columns were eliminated; other columns at the station were thinned, requiring the underpinning of roof beams; and 142 columns in the concourse area were relocated away from the car doors. The cost of this project was estimated to be $28.93 million.[113]

The new control area provided an additional 5,000 square feet in mezzanine space, while the new entrance provided an additional 450 square feet of space. The entrance's canopy has 238 triangular glass frames that replicate the crystals part of the New Year's Eve Crystal Ball. Eighteen new CCTV cameras, ten new turnstiles, two emergency exit gates, and four new digital information screens were installed in the new control area. Two new mosaics by Nick Cave, titled "Equal All" and "Each One", were installed as part of the project.[117]

The northern section of the original west platform wall dating from 1904 was removed, and One Times Square's owner Jamestown Properties built elevators connecting the station to the street. The wall was broken into sections and moved to the New York Transit Museum to mitigate the adverse effects of the station renovation. To further mitigate damage done to portions of the original station, certain features were repaired and restored, including the original southwest platform and control area wall finishes, the original cast iron columns, the ceiling plaster ornamentation, and the cast iron guard rails. In addition, the east platform walls that were located within back-of-house space were protected. The damaged Knickerbocker marble lintel located at the west platform control area were replicated. To reference portions of the original tracks located at tracks 2 and 3, the granite paving for the shuttle platform was modified with a veneer steel rail. These 60 foot (18 m) long sections are located on the new platform between tracks 1 and 4. Finally, a plaque describing the history of the station was installed underneath the replicated Knickerbocker lintel.[114][118]

The construction contract for the project was originally scheduled to be awarded in June 2018. This was delayed by several months because of changes to the project schedule and cost. The construction duration was expected to be extended by three months, and the cost would increase by $25 million, because of additions to the original construction plan.[119] A construction contract was awarded in March 2019, with an estimated completion date of March 2022.[120] The shuttle was temporarily closed in mid-2020 for this work.[121] The new platform opened on September 7, 2021, along with the passageway to the 42nd Street–Bryant Park station.[122][123] This made the shuttle station ADA-accessible; though the passageway was not yet accessible, elevators were planned for its Bryant Park end.[123] The new $40 million station entrance, including the new elevator, formally opened on May 16, 2022.[117][124][125] The MTA spent $30 million to construct the new staircase entrance and Jamestown paid $10 million for the elevator.[124]

Other modifications

In the late 2000s, the MTA began construction on an

34th Street–Hudson Yards.[128][129]

In February 2022, the MTA announced that the IRT Flushing Line platforms would receive

death of Michelle Go on the BMT platform.[131] The MTA started soliciting bids from platform-door manufacturers in mid-2022;[132] the doors are planned to be installed starting in December 2023 at a cost of $6 million.[133] Designs for the platform doors were being finalized by June 2023.[134][135] As part of a pilot program, a Knightscope K5 robotic police officer was deployed at the station in September 2023;[136][137] the NYPD had removed the robot by February 2024.[138][139]

Bombings and terrorist plots

A bombing at the station on October 12, 1960, injured 33 passengers.

Grand Central–42nd Street station, but the plot was discovered before they could carry it out.[141] There was also a bombing on December 11, 2017, during the morning rush hour, when a pipe bomb device partially detonated in the 41st Street passageway.[142]

Station layout

Physical locations of the platforms
Ground Street level Exits/entrances
Basement 1 Upper mezzanine Fare control, station agents, MetroCard machines, passageway to "B" train​"D" train​"F" train"F" express train​"M" train trains at 42nd Street–Bryant Park
Disabled access
Elevators located:
  • on the southeast corner of Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street (inside Times Square Tower)
  • on the northwest corner of Broadway and 42nd Street
Note: Passageway to 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal has a steep grade. Passageway to 42nd Street–Bryant Park not accessible.
Side platform, not in service[b]
Track 4 → 42nd Street Shuttle toward Grand Central (Terminus) →
Island platform Disabled access
Track 1 → 42nd Street Shuttle toward Grand Central (Terminus) →
Mezzanine, entrance to 42nd Street and Broadway
Basement 2
Broadway
platforms 		Northbound local ← "N" train toward Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard (49th Street)
← "R" train toward Forest Hills–71st Avenue (49th Street)
← "W" train toward Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard weekdays (49th Street)
← "Q" train toward 96th Street late nights (49th Street)
Island platform Disabled access
Northbound express ← "Q" train toward 96th Street (57th Street–Seventh Avenue)
← "N" train toward 96th Street (limited rush hour trips) (57th Street–Seventh Avenue)
Southbound express → "Q" train toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue via Brighton (34th Street–Herald Square) →
→ "N" train toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue via Sea Beach (limited rush hour trips) (34th Street–Herald Square) →
Island platform Disabled access
Southbound local → "N" train toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue via Sea Beach (34th Street–Herald Square) →
→ "R" train toward Bay Ridge–95th Street (34th Street–Herald Square) →
→ "W" train toward Whitehall Street–South Ferry weekdays (34th Street–Herald Square) →
→ "Q" train toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue via Brighton late nights (34th Street–Herald Square) →
Basement 2
Broadway–Seventh Avenue platforms 		Northbound local ← "1" train toward Van Cortlandt Park–242nd Street (50th Street)
← "2" train toward Wakefield–241st Street late nights (50th Street)
Island platform Disabled access
Northbound express ← "2" train toward Wakefield–241st Street (72nd Street)
← "3" train toward Harlem–148th Street (72nd Street)
Southbound express → "2" train toward Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College (34th Street–Penn Station)
← "3" train toward New Lots Avenue (34th Street–Penn Station) →
→ "3" train late night termination track →
Island platform Disabled access
Southbound local → "1" train toward South Ferry (34th Street–Penn Station) →
→ "2" train toward Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College late nights (34th Street–Penn Station) →
Basement 3 Passageway To Eighth Avenue, Port Authority, "A" train​"C" train​"E" train trains at 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal
Basement 4
Flushing
platform 		Southbound ← "7" train"7" express train toward 34th Street–Hudson Yards (Terminus)
Island platform Disabled access
Northbound → "7" train"7" express train toward Flushing–Main Street (Fifth Avenue) →
Entrance

Times Square was named for The New York Times. The Times headquarters, built by Times owner Adolph S. Ochs, housed the original subway station (now the shuttle platforms) in its basement.[143][144][17]

Four separate stations comprise the Times Square complex, which is connected to the 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal station of the IND Eighth Avenue Line. The shallowest station is the 42nd Street Shuttle platform, which runs in a northwest–southeast direction under 42nd Street east of Broadway, and is 20 feet (6.1 m) below street level.[4]: 3 [145] The IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line station runs 40 feet (12 m) under Seventh Avenue. The BMT Broadway Line station runs in a true north–south alignment 50 feet (15 m) under Broadway. The deepest station, serving the IRT Flushing Line, is 60 feet (18 m) below street level and runs roughly west–east under 41st Street.[4]: 3 [145] The Times Square–42nd Street and 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal stations are both fully wheelchair-accessible. However, the ramp between the two parts of the complex is not wheelchair-accessible.[146]

Mezzanines

There are several mezzanines throughout the complex, connected by several ramps and stairs. The primary, upper mezzanine is near the level of the shuttle platforms and consists of four passageways in a trapezoidal layout, arranged under 42nd Street, Broadway, 41st Street, and Seventh Avenue. An oval-shaped cut is on the Broadway side of the main mezzanine, below which are the northern ends of the BMT platforms. A pair of escalators to the Flushing Line is at the southwestern corner of this mezzanine.[4]: 3–4, 18–19  Some parts of the mezzanine have glass-tiled walls, while other parts are clad with white ceramic tile topped by mosaic bands.[4]: 7  "Music Under New York" controls various spots within the mezzanine for performers.

Near the south end of the BMT platforms, there is a smaller mezzanine overhead, which leads to exits at 40th Street.[4]: 3, 19 

Under the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line platforms, but above the Flushing Line platforms, is a lower mezzanine level extending from west to east. This mezzanine connects to a steep ramp that leads to the passageway to the IND Eighth Avenue Line platforms.[4]: 7, 18  A 600-foot-long passageway under 41st Street[7] connects the IND station with the rest of the complex.[147] The passageway is located above the mezzanines at either end.[148] It is stair-free but contains steep ramps at both ends, which are not ADA-compliant.[146][148]

Exits

Exits to the 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal station, on Eighth Avenue between 40th and 44th Street, are signed as serving the A, C, E, and 7 trains.

fare control at this site features restored original "Times Square" mosaics from the Contract I station walls (now used by the shuttle). One street stair rises to the southeast corner of Broadway and 42nd Street. A block to the south, one stair goes into a building at the northwest corner of 41st Street and Seventh Avenue, and two street stairs go to the southeast corner. An exit-only stair rises to the southwest corner of 41st Street and Broadway.[149][4]
: 19–20 

Two sets of exits on 40th Street are separate from the main mezzanine areas and are signed as only serving certain services. At 40th Street and Seventh Avenue, one stair goes into a building at the southwest corner, and one street stair goes to the southeast corner. These serve a mezzanine above the Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line platforms and are signed as serving the 1, 2, 3, 7, and S trains. One street stair rises to each of the corners of 40th Street and Broadway, serving the southern mezzanine above the Broadway Line platforms. Those entrances are signed as serving the N, Q, R, W, and S trains.[149][4]: 19–20 

There are several closed exits throughout the station complex. Until 1981, there was a stair to the southeastern corner of 41st Street and 8th Avenue.[150][151] Another stair rose to the south side of 41st Street between Seventh and Eighth Avenues in the passageway between the Eighth Avenue Line station and the rest of the station complex, and was closed in 1989 due to very low usage.[152] A street stair to the northeastern corner of 42nd Street and Seventh Avenue, by One Times Square,[153] was closed around 1998–2000.[154] Two stairs to the northeastern corner of 41st Street and Seventh Avenue were closed during the same time, as were stairs to both western corners of that intersection.[154] In 2019, a stair to the southwestern corner of 43rd Street and Broadway was closed as part of the shuttle modernization project.[155][116] Many of the station's entrances were historically constructed within other buildings.[156]

IRT 42nd Street Shuttle platform

 Times Square
 42nd Street Shuttle
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
Shuttle platform facing track 1
Station statistics
DivisionA (IRT)[1]
LineIRT 42nd Street Shuttle
Services   S all except late nights (all except late nights)
StructureUnderground
Platforms1 island platform
Tracks2
Other information
OpenedOctober 27, 1904; 119 years ago (1904-10-27)[157]
AccessibleThis station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ADA-accessible (Transfer accessible to BMT Broadway Line, IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line, and IRT Flushing Line platforms only)
Opposite-
direction
transfer		N/A
Former/other names42 Street
Services
Preceding station New York City Subway New York City Subway Following station
Terminus 42nd Street Grand Central
S all except late nights
Terminus
Track layout

Legend
1
2
3
4
to 50th Street
End of former tracks 2/3
to Grand Central
1
2
3
4
Track in revenue service
Track not in revenue service
Trackbed
Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times except late nights Stops all times except late nights

The Times Square station on the 42nd Street Shuttle consists of an

Grand Central.[5]

The island platform replaced a layout dating from the original IRT subway, completed in 1904. It was originally a four-track local stop with two side platforms outside the local tracks. Most of the wall along the side platform for track 1 was removed in 1914 to provide a connection to the new Times Square station on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line.[4]: 5  An underpass formerly connected the original side platforms.[159]: 146  In 1918, the southbound express track (formerly track 2) was removed and replaced by a temporary wooden platform for access to the original northbound express track (formerly track 3). Track 3's wooden platform was subsequently replaced by a more permanent platform, while the old local platforms still served tracks 1 and 4.[160] Track 3 was taken out of service on November 7, 2020, and was replaced with the island platform.[161]

Plan of the original station before reconfiguration

The old platforms were connected on the west (

gap fillers under the platforms were used on tracks 1 and 3. These two platforms were concave and curved toward the shuttle trains. Track 1 was 295 feet (89.9 m) long and track 3 was 285 feet (86.9 m) long. Track 4 did not have gap fillers because of the convex curve of the platform, curving away from the shuttle trains. The platform serving Track 4 was only 150 feet (45.7 m) long, and could barely fit the three 51.4-foot-long (15.7 m) cars of the shuttle.[4]
: 5 

Design

As with other stations built as part of the original IRT, the station was constructed using a

cut-and-cover method.[162]: 237  The tunnel is covered by a U-shaped trough that contains utility pipes and wires. The bottom of this trough contains a foundation of concrete no less than 4 inches (100 mm) thick.[4]: 3–4 [163]: 9  Each platform consists of 3-inch-thick (7.6 cm) concrete slabs, beneath which are drainage basins. The platform next to track 1 contain circular Doric columns spaced every 15 feet (4.6 m). Prior to the 2019–2022 reconstruction, there were additional columns between the tracks and on track 3's platform, spaced every 5 feet (1.5 m), which supported the jack-arched concrete station roofs.[4]: 5–6 [11]: 4 [163]: 9  The renovation removed or relocated many of these columns so they are spaced at wider intervals, and an island platform was built atop tracks 2 and 3.[113] There is a 1-inch (25 mm) gap between the trough wall and the platform walls, which are made of 4-inch (100 mm)-thick brick covered over by a tiled finish.[4]: 3–4 [163]
: 9 

The original decorative scheme for the side platforms consisted of blue tile station-name tablets, blue and pink tile bands, multicolored tile

cooling fans.[164]

Post-2021 reconfiguration
Post-Reconfiguration island platform. Concrete lines show original location of the express tracks (tracks 2 and 3)
Restored section of wall dating back to the original 1904 IRT subway
Restored Knickerbocker Hotel lintel over a doorway
Informational sign detailing the history of the station pre 2021 reconfiguration
View of original 1904–2021 shuttle platform from newly reconfigured platform.
An R62A 42nd Street Shuttle train on Track 1
Pre-2021 reconfiguration
Track 1 platform, looking toward connection to other two platforms
Platform for track 3, with a train on that track
View from removable walkway over track 4, looking toward the Broadway–Seventh Avenue tunnel
Second and third cars of a train on track 4
A view of the platform on Track 4 in 1958

Track layout

North of the station, track 4 merges into the northbound

bumper block at the west end of the platform. Track 3 originally also ended at a bumper block at the west end of its platform. There is no track connection between track 4 and the other tracks anywhere along the shuttle.[6]

BMT Broadway Line platforms

 Times Square–42 Street
 "N" train​"Q" train​"R" train​"W" train
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
Uptown platform
Station statistics
DivisionB (BMT)[1]
Line   BMT Broadway Line
Services   N all times (all times)
​   Q all times (all times)
​   R all except late nights (all except late nights)
​   W weekdays only (weekdays only)
StructureUnderground
Platforms2 island platforms
cross-platform interchange
Tracks4
Other information
OpenedJanuary 5, 1918; 106 years ago (1918-01-05)[52]
AccessibleThis station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ADA-accessible (Transfer accessible to IRT 42nd Street Shuttle, IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line, and IRT Flushing Line platforms only)
Opposite-
direction
transfer		Yes
Services
Preceding station New York City Subway New York City Subway Following station
57th Street–Seventh Avenue
N limited weekday rush hour service only ​Q all times except late nights
toward 96th Street
Express 		34th Street–Herald Square
N all times ​Q all times ​R all except late nights ​W weekdays only
southbound
49th Street
N all times ​Q late nights only ​R all except late nights ​W weekdays only
via Lexington Avenue–59th Street
Local
Track layout

Legend
to
57th Street–Seventh Avenue
to 49th Street
to
34th Street–Herald Square
to
34th Street–Herald Square
Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times except late nights Stops all times except late nights
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops weekdays during the day Stops weekdays during the day
Stops weekends during the day Stops weekends during the day

The Times Square–42nd Street station on the BMT Broadway Line is an express station, with four tracks and two island platforms.[165] The N and Q both stop here at all times;[166][167] the R stops here except at night,[168] and the W stops here only on weekdays during the day.[169] The local tracks are used by N, R and W trains, while the express tracks are only used during the day by Q trains as well as limited rush hour N trains. During the night, the Q uses the local tracks. The next station to the north is 49th Street for local trains and 57th Street–Seventh Avenue for express trains. The next station to the south is 34th Street–Herald Square.[5]

Two stairs and one elevator from each platform ascend to the primary mezzanine. At the far south end of each platform, two stairs ascend to the southern BMT mezzanine. Near the center of the southbound platform, a set of stairs rises to the 41st Street corridor of the primary mezzanine.[4]: 3, 19 

The tunnel is covered by a U-shaped trough that contains utility pipes and wires. The bottom of this trough contains a concrete foundation no less than 4 inches (100 mm) thick. Each platform consists of 3-inch-thick (7.6 cm) concrete slabs, beneath which are drainage basins. The platforms contain I-beam columns spaced every 15 feet (4.6 m). Additional columns between the tracks, spaced every 5 feet (1.5 m), support the jack-arched concrete station roofs. The trackside walls also contain exposed I-beam columns, dividing the trackside walls into 5 foot (1.5 m) wide panels. The panels on the trackside walls consist of white square ceramic tiles. A frieze with multicolored geometric patterns runs atop the trackside walls, and a plaque with a framed white "42" tile is placed inside the frieze every 15 feet (4.6 m). The walls at the south ends of the platforms are untiled.[4]: 3–4, 6 

The express tracks north of the station spread out to pass around a crossunder in the Times Square shuttle platforms.[165] This crossunder was sealed off in the 1960s.

IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line platforms

 Times Square–42 Street
 "1" train​"2" train​"3" train
New York City Subway station (rapid transit)
Downtown platform
Station statistics
DivisionA (IRT)[1]
Line   IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line
Services   1 all times (all times)
​   2 all times (all times)
​   3 all times (all times)
StructureUnderground
Platforms2 island platforms
cross-platform interchange
Tracks4
Other information
OpenedJune 3, 1917; 106 years ago (1917-06-03)[2]
Rebuilt1998–2002
AccessibleThis station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ADA-accessible (Transfer accessible to BMT Broadway Line, IRT 42nd Street Shuttle, and IRT Flushing Line platforms only)
Opposite-
direction
transfer		Yes
Services
Preceding station New York City Subway New York City Subway Following station
72nd Street
2 all times ​3 all times
via 135th Street
Express 		34th Street–Penn Station
1 all times ​2 all times ​3 all except late nights
southbound
50th Street
1 all times ​2 late nights
toward Van Cortlandt Park–242nd Street
Local
Track layout

Legend
to 72nd Street
to 50th Street
from
shuttle track 4
to 34th Street–Penn Station
Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times except late nights Stops all times except late nights
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops late nights only Stops late nights only

The Times Square–42nd Street station on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line is an express station, with four tracks and two island platforms.[165] The 1, 2, and 3 trains stop here at all times.[170][171][172] The station serves as the southern terminal of 3 trains during late nights.[172] The next station to the north is 50th Street for local trains and 72nd Street for express trains. The next station to the south is 34th Street–Penn Station.[5]

The platforms are 510 feet (160 m) long, and were extended to the south in 1959.[4]: 6  Stairways to the other lines are provided at the northern end and in the center of each platform; two stairways from each platform lead to the lower mezzanine level while the remainder lead to mezzanines above the platforms. An elevator leads from each platform to the upper mezzanine; the southbound elevator also leads to the lower mezzanine and the Flushing Line platform.[4]: 17 

The tunnel is covered by a U-shaped trough that contains utility pipes and wires. The bottom of this trough contains a concrete foundation no less than 4 inches (100 mm) thick. Each platform consists of 3-inch-thick (7.6 cm) concrete slabs, beneath which are drainage basins. The platforms contain I-beam columns spaced every 15 feet (4.6 m). Additional columns between the tracks, spaced every 5 feet (1.5 m), support the jack-arched concrete station roofs. The trackside walls also contain exposed I-beam columns, dividing the trackside walls into 5 foot (1.5 m) wide panels. The panels on the trackside walls consist of white square ceramic tiles. A frieze with multicolored geometric patterns runs atop the trackside walls, and a plaque with a stylized "T" is placed inside the frieze at intervals of every three panels.[4]: 3–4, 6 

Just south of the station, a fifth center track begins, formed by a connection from each express track. This track merges back into the two express tracks just before 34th Street–Penn Station.[165] This center track was used in the past for turning rush hour "Gap Trains", which would head back up north. It is currently used for short turning 3 trains during nights.[173]

IRT Flushing Line platform

 Times Square–42 Street
 
<7> rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction (rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction)​
StructureUnderground
Platforms1 island platform
Tracks2
Other information
OpenedMarch 14, 1927; 97 years ago (1927-03-14)[174]
AccessibleThis station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ADA-accessible (Transfer accessible to BMT Broadway Line, IRT 42nd Street Shuttle, and IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line platforms only)
Opposite-
direction
transfer		Yes
Services
Preceding station New York City Subway New York City Subway Following station
<7> rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction
​
Terminus
<7> rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction​
toward Flushing–Main Street
Track layout

Legend
to Fifth Avenue
to 34th Street–Hudson Yards
Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Stops rush hours in the peak direction only

The Times Square–42nd Street station on the

Fifth Avenue to the east.[5] Stairs, escalators, and an elevator along the platform lead to various mezzanines.[4]
: 6–7 

The platform consists of 3-inch-thick (7.6 cm) concrete slabs, beneath which are drainage basins. The platform contains I-beam columns spaced every 15 feet (4.6 m).[4]: 3–4  Large H-section columns, supporting horizontal I-beams, also support the tall ceilings of the Flushing Line station. Above the escalators, X-supports and diagonally braced lateral beams also support the ceiling. The trackside walls also contain exposed I-beam columns, dividing the trackside walls into 5 foot (1.5 m) wide panels. The panels on the trackside walls consist of white square ceramic tiles. A frieze with multicolored geometric patterns runs atop the trackside walls, and a plaque with a framed white "TS" tile is placed inside the frieze every 15 feet (4.6 m). Similar mosaics run along the bases of the trackside walls as well.[4]: 6–7 

The tracks continue south (compass west) beyond the station to the 34th Street station. These tracks formerly led to a storage and layover area, but the tracks were replaced and inspected as part of the 7 Subway Extension, and new third rail was installed.[176] The closed lower-level platform on the IND Eighth Avenue Line was blocking the line but since removed.[177]

Artwork

Original artwork

Squire Vickers
took over as chief designer and architect of the IRT in 1906, he continued this tradition of using symbolism to speak to a station's history.

The colored tile trim of the IRT portions of the station closely resembles the

Confederate flag.[179] Scholars believe that Vickers and his colleagues unmistakably reference the symbol of the South to pay homage to New York Times owner Adolph S. Ochs. The Times had built a new headquarters directly above part of the subway station in 1904.[180] After a 2010s movement in which Confederate monuments nationwide were removed, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority announced in August 2017 that these tiles would be replaced;[181][182] the tiles were subsequently covered with stickers.[183]

  • Original colored tile trim, before the station renovation of the late 1990s
    Original colored tile trim, before the station renovation of the late 1990s
  • Replica of the original trim, installed in 1998
    Replica of the original trim, installed in 1998

Commissioned artwork

The station complex contains several artworks commissioned as part of the MTA Arts & Design program. In 1991, Norman B. Colp created The Commuter's Lament or A Close Shave, a series of signs attached to the roof of the 41st Street passageway between Seventh and Eighth Avenues, inspired by classic Burma-Shave ads.[184] In order, the signs read Overslept/So tired/If late/Get fired/Why bother?/Why the pain?/Just go home/Do it again.[184][185][186] The last panel is a picture of a bed.[185] The panels were part of an art project that was supposed to last only one year, but were never removed.[184] The MTA also commissioned a mosaic mural by Jack Beal titled The Return of Spring (2001),[187] which is located in the 41st Street passageway.[188] The MTA commissioned a second mural from Beal in 2005, The Onset of Winter.[189] They present the classical myth of Persephone set against the backdrop of the subway.[190]

Jacob Lawrence created a mosaic mural called New York in Transit, which was installed in 2001 above the BMT mezzanine, and depicts several topics related to New York City.[191] New York in Transit was Lawrence's last public work before his 2000 death.[192] Near the BMT mezzanine's connection with the shuttle platform, Roy Lichtenstein created Times Square Mural, which was installed in 2002.[193] Times Square Mural is made from porcelain enamel on steel and measures 6 by 53 feet (1.8 by 16.2 m);[194] it depicts an elongated car traveling through a subway station.[193] Lichtenstein died in 1997 before the mural could be installed; he had completed Times Square Mural in 1994, but installation was delayed until after the station complex's renovation.[194] The mezzanine between 41st and 42nd Street contains the artwork Times Square Times: 35 Times by Toby Buonagurio, which was installed in 2005. The artwork consists of tiles depicting fashion, performing arts, or streetlife, which are embedded in a glass-brick wall.[195] The mezzanine under the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line at 41st Street contains a mosaic artwork by Jane Dickson, Revelers. The mosaics depict about 70 life-size people who are moving around in groups.[196]

The shuttle station contains the artworks Each One, Every One and Equal All, all installed in 2021 and designed by

Soundsuits", sculptural costumes made in a variety of materials. The two other artworks are Each One at the new shuttle entrance and Equal All on the island platform.[200][199]

  • Times Square Mural
    Times Square Mural
  • The Onset of Winter
    The Onset of Winter
  • The Revelers and The Commuter's Lament
    The Revelers and The Commuter's Lament
  • New York in Transit
    New York in Transit
  • Times Square Times: 35 Times
    Times Square Times: 35 Times
  • Every One
    Every One

References

Notes

  1. ^
    42nd Street-Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue
  2. ^ The shuttle's unused side platform is beyond the western end of the current island platform.

Citations

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Further reading

  • Stookey, Lee (1994). Subway ceramics : a history and iconography of mosaic and bas relief signs and plaques in the New York City subway system. Brattleboro, Vt: L. Stookey.
    OCLC 31901471
    .

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Times Square – 42nd Street / Port Authority Bus Terminal (New York City Subway).
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