User:kanechen/LePhone

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
LePhone
Manufacturer
Android Market
Dimensions119 mm (4.7 in) (h)
59.8 mm (2.35 in) (w)
11.5 mm (0.45 in) (d)
Mass130 g (4.6 oz) with battery, 100 g (3.5 oz) without battery

List of iPhone models
Related articles:
iPod Touch, iPad

[[:File:IPhone_4_in_hand.jpg|225px|thumb|The

generation
of iPhone.]]

iPhone logo.

The iPhone (

first iPhone was introduced on January 9, 2007.[5]

An iPhone functions as a

social networking, and advertising for television shows, films, and celebrities
.

There are four

A-GPS location. The iPhone 3GS added a compass, faster processor, and higher resolution camera, including video. The iPhone 4 has two cameras for FaceTime
video calling and a higher-resolution display. It was released on June 24, 2010.

History and availability

Worldwide iPhone sales by quarter. Sales volume is in millions. Q1 is the holiday season.
  Original iPhone
  iPhone 3G
  iPhone 3G and 3Gs (Apple does not differentiate)
Worldwide iPhone availability:
  Original iPhone was available; now iPhone 4
  iPhone 3G and 3GS
  Coming soon

Development of the iPhone began with Apple

Motorola ROKR E1, a largely unsuccessful collaboration with Motorola. Instead, Cingular gave Apple the liberty to develop the iPhone's hardware and software in-house.[9][10]

Jobs unveiled the iPhone to the public on January 9, 2007 at Macworld 2007. Apple was required to file for operating permits with the FCC, but since such filings are made available to the public, the announcement came months before the iPhone had received approval. The iPhone went on sale in the United States on June 29, 2007, at 6:00 pm local time, while hundreds of customers lined up outside the stores nationwide.[11] The original iPhone was made available in the UK, France, and Germany in November 2007, and Ireland and Austria in the spring of 2008.

On July 11, 2008, Apple released the iPhone 3G in twenty-two countries, including the original six.[12] Apple released the iPhone 3G in upwards of eighty countries and territories.[13] Apple announced the iPhone 3GS on June 8, 2009, along with plans to release it later in June, July, and August, starting with the U.S., Canada and major European countries on June 19. Many would-be users objected to the iPhone's cost,[14] and 40% of users have household incomes over US$100,000.[15] In an attempt to gain a wider market, Apple retained the 8 GB iPhone 3G at a lower price point. When Apple introduced the iPhone 4, the 3GS became the less expensive model. Apple reduced the price several times since the iPhone's release in 2007, at which time an 8 GB iPhone sold for $599. An iPhone 3GS with the same capacity now costs $99. However, these numbers are misleading, since all iPhone units sold through AT&T require a two-year contract (costing several hundred dollars), and a SIM lock.

Apple sold 6.1 million original iPhone units over five quarters.

RIM's BlackBerry sales of 5.2 million units, which made Apple briefly the third largest mobile phone manufacturer by revenue, after Nokia and Samsung.[18] Approximately 6.4 million iPhones are active in the U.S. alone.[15] While iPhone sales constitute a significant portion of Apple's revenue, some of this income is deferred.[17]

The back of the original iPhone was made of aluminum with a black plastic accent. The iPhone 3G and 3GS feature a full plastic back to increase the strength of the GSM signal.[19] The iPhone 3G was available in an 8 GB black model, or a black or white option for the 16 GB model. They both are now discontinued. The iPhone 3GS was available in both colors, regardless of storage capacity. The white model was discontinued in favor of a black 8 GB low-end model. The iPhone 4 has an aluminosilicate glass front and back with a stainless steel edge that serves as the antennae. It is available in black; a white version was announced, but has as of October 2010 not been released.

The iPhone has garnered positive reviews from critics like

Walter Mossberg.[21][22] The iPhone attracts users of all ages,[15] and besides consumer use the iPhone has also been adopted for business purposes.[23]

Hardware

200px|thumb|left|The screen is the dominant feature of the front of the iPhone, and is the main method of user interaction.

Screen and input

The

HVGA) at 163 ppi, while the display on the iPhone 4
has a resolution of 640 x 960 at 326 ppi.

The touch and gesture features of the iPhone are based on technology originally developed by

capacitive styli can be used with iPhone's finger-touch screen. The iPhone 3GS also features a fingerprint-resistant oleophobic coating.[30]

The top and side of the iPhone 3GS, externally identical to the iPhone 3G. The switches were black plastic on the original model. From left to right, sides: wake/sleep button, SIM card slot, headphone jack, silence switch, volume controls. Top: earpiece, screen.

The iPhone has a minimal hardware user interface, featuring only four or five buttons, depending on whether the volume control is counted as one button or two. The only physical menu button is situated directly below the display, and is called the "Home button" because it closes the active app and navigates to the home screen of the interface. The home button is denoted not by a house, as on many other similar devices, but a rounded square, reminiscent of the shape of icons on the home screen. A multifunction sleep/wake button is located on the top of the device. It serves as the unit's power button, and also controls phone calls. When a call is received, pressing the sleep/wake button once silences the ringtone, and when pressed twice transfers the call to voicemail. Situated on the left spine are the volume adjustment controls. The iPhone 4 has two separate circular buttons to increase and decrease the volume; all earlier models house two switches under a single plastic panel, known as a rocker switch. Directly above the volume controls is a silence button that mutes all sound when engaged. All buttons except Home were made of plastic on the original iPhone and metal on all later models. The touchscreen furnishes the remainder of the user interface.

The display responds to three sensors. A proximity sensor deactivates the display and touchscreen when the device is brought near the face during a call. This is done to save battery power and to prevent inadvertent inputs from the user's face and ears. An ambient light sensor adjusts the display brightness which in turn saves battery power. A 3-axis accelerometer senses the orientation of the phone and changes the screen accordingly, allowing the user to easily switch between portrait and landscape mode.[31] Photo browsing, web browsing, and music playing support both upright and left or right widescreen orientations.[32] Unlike the iPad, the iPhone does not rotate the screen when turned upside-down, with the Home button above the screen. The 3.0 update added landscape support for still other applications, such as email, and introduced shaking the unit as a form of input.[33][34] The accelerometer can also be used to control third party apps, notably games. The iPhone 4 also includes a gyroscopic sensor, enhancing its perception of how it is moved.

A software update in January 2008

A-GPS, and the iPhone 3GS and 4 also have a digital compass.[37]

Audio and output

One of two speakers (left) and the microphone (right) surround the dock connector on the base of the original iPhone. If a headset is plugged in, sound is played through it instead.

The bottom of the iPhone sports a speaker (left) and a microphone (right) flanking the dock connector. One loudspeaker is located above the screen as an earpiece, and another is located on the left side of the bottom of the unit, opposite a microphone on the bottom-right. The iPhone 4 includes an additional microphone at the top of the unit for noise cancellation, and switches the placement of the microphone and speaker on the base on the unit—the speaker is on the left.[38] Volume controls are located on the left side of all iPhone models and as a slider in the iPod application.

The 3.5 mm

auxiliary jack allow for handsfree use of the iPhone while driving as a substitute for Bluetooth
.

While the iPhone is compatible with normal headphones, Apple provides a

headset with additional functionality. A multipurpose button near the microphone can be used to play or pause music, skip tracks, and answer or end phone calls without touching the iPhone. A small number of third-party headsets specifically designed for the iPhone also include the microphone and control button.[42] The current headsets also provide volume controls, which are only compatible with more recent models.[43]
These features are achieved by a fourth ring in the audio jack that carries this extra information.

The built-in

The lack of these profiles prevents iPhone users from exchanging multimedia files, such as pictures, music and videos, with other bluetooth-enabled cell phones.

Composite or component video at up to 576i and stereo audio can be output from the dock connector using an adapter sold by Apple.[45] iPhone 4 also supports 1024x768 VGA output via a dock adapter. The iPhone did not support voice recording until the 3.0 software update.[33][34]

Battery

Replacing the battery requires opening the iPhone unit and exposing the internal hardware.

The iPhone features an internal rechargeable battery. Like an iPod but unlike most other mobile phones, the battery is not user-replaceable.

charging an iPod. Alternatively, a USB to AC adapter (or "wall charger," also included) can be connected to the cable to charge directly from an AC outlet. A number of third party accessories (stereos, car chargers, even solar chargers) are also available.[47]

Apple runs tests on preproduction units to determine battery life. Apple's website says that the battery life "is designed to retain up to 80% of its original capacity after 400 full charge and discharge cycles",[48] which is comparable to iPod batteries. The original iPhone's battery was stated to be capable of providing up to seven hours of video, six hours of web browsing, eight hours of talk time, 24 hours of music or up to 250 hours on standby.[24] The iPhone 3G's battery is stated to be capable of providing up to seven hours of video, six hours of web browsing on Wi-Fi or five on 3G, ten hours of 2G talk time, or five on 3G, 24 hours of music, or 300 hours of standby.[49] Apple claims that the 3GS can last for up to ten hours of video, nine hours of web browsing on Wi-Fi or five on 3G, twelve hours of 2G talk time, or five on 3G, 30 hours of music, or 300 hours of standby.[50]

The battery life of the iPhone has been criticized by several technology journalists as insufficient and less than Apple's claims.

J. D. Power and Associates customer satisfaction survey, which gave the "battery aspects" of the iPhone 3G its lowest rating of 2 out of 5 stars.[55][56]

If the battery malfunctions or dies prematurely, the phone can be returned to Apple and replaced for free while still under

AppleCare. Though the battery replacement service and its pricing was not made known to buyers until the day the product was launched,[58][59] it is similar to how Apple (and third parties) replace batteries for iPods. The Foundation for Taxpayer and Consumer Rights, a consumer advocate group, has sent a complaint to Apple and AT&T over the fee that consumers have to pay to have the battery replaced.[58] Since July 2007 third party battery replacement kits have been available[60] at a much lower price than Apple's own battery replacement program. These kits often include a small screwdriver and an instruction leaflet, but as with many newer iPod models the battery in the original iPhone has been soldered in. Therefore a soldering iron is required to install the new battery. The iPhone 3G uses a different battery fitted with a connector that is easier to replace, although replacement by any besides Apple still voids the warranty.[61]

for the rear-facing camera (top) and the forward-facing camera (bottom) are both unique to that model.

Camera

The iPhone and iPhone 3G feature a built-in

geocoded photographs
.

The iPhone 3GS has a 3.2 megapixel camera, manufactured by

VGA resolution) video at 30 frames per second,[62] although compared to higher-end CCD based video cameras it does exhibit the rolling shutter effect.[63] The video can then be cropped on the device itself and directly uploaded to YouTube, MobileMe
, or other services

The iPhone 4 introduced a 5.0 

VGA photos and SD
video recording.

Storage and SIM

An iPhone 3G with the SIM slot open. The SIM ejector tool is still placed in the eject hole.

The iPhone was initially released with two options for internal storage size: 4 GB or 8 GB. On September 5, 2007, Apple discontinued the 4 GB models.[65] On February 5, 2008, Apple added a 16 GB model.[66] The iPhone 3G was available in 16 GB and 8 GB. The iPhone 3GS came in 16 GB and 32 GB variants and still is available in 8 GB. The iPhone 4 is available in 16 GB and 32 GB variants. All data is stored on the internal flash drive; the iPhone does not support expanded storage through a memory card slot, or the SIM card.

The

paperclip or the "SIM eject tool" (a simple piece of die-cut sheet metal) included with the iPhone 3G and 3GS.[67][68] In most countries, the iPhone is usually sold with a SIM lock, which prevents the iPhone from being used on a different mobile network.[69]

The iPhone 4 features a

MicroSIM card that is located in a slot on the right side of the device.[70]

Moisture sensors

The iPhone has moisture sensors to indicate whether

battery behind a battery cover, but the sensors on an iPhone are directly exposed to the environment. This has led to criticism of the placement of the sensors, which may also be affected by steam in a bathroom or other light environmental moisture.[73]

Included items

All

paperclip). The iPhone 3GS includes the SIM eject tool and a revised headset, which adds volume buttons.[43] The iPhone 3G and 3GS are compatible with the same dock, sold separately, but not the original model's dock.[74] All versions include a USB power adapter, or "wall charger," which allows the iPhone to charge from an AC outlet. The iPhone 3G and iPhone 3GS sold in North America, Japan, Colombia, Ecuador, or Peru[75][76]
include an ultracompact USB power adapter. The iPhone 4 owners get free bumper case to temporarily resolve the antenna problems.[77]

Models

Legend
Discontinued Current
Table of models
Model
iPhone
iPhone 3G iPhone 3GS iPhone 4
Initial operating system
iPhone OS
1.0
iPhone OS 2.0 iPhone OS 3.0
iOS
4.0
Highest Supported operating system iPhone OS 3.1.3 iOS 4.1
Display 3.5
ppi
In addition to previous, features a fingerprint-resistant oleophobic coating[78] 3.5
ppi
, 800:1 contrast ratio
Storage
4, 8 and 16 GB 8 and 16 GB 8, 16 and 32 GB 16 and 32 GB
Processor 620 
ARM 1176JZ(F)-S v1.0[79][80]
833 MHz (
ARM Cortex-A8[81][82]
Samsung S5PC100[81][83]
ARM Cortex-A8 Apple A4[84]
Graphics PowerVR MBX Lite 3D GPU[85]
GPU[81]
GPU[86]
Memory
128 
DRAM[87]
256 MB DRAM[81][82] 512 MB DRAM[88]
Connectivity
Bluetooth 2.0 + EDR Cambridge Bluecore4[89]
In addition to previous:
earphones with mic
In addition to previous:
7.2 
earphones with remote and mic
In addition to previous:
Penta-band
microSIM
Camera 2.0 MP with geotagging 3.0 MP with VGA video at 30 fps, geotagging, tap to focus, and focus, white balance, macro focus & exposure Rear 5.0 MP
LED
flash
Front 0.3 MP (
VGA) with geotagging, tap to focus, and 480p SD
video at 30 fps
Audio codec Wolfson Microelectronics WM8758BG[92] Wolfson Microelectronics WM6180C[93] Cirrus Logic CS42L61[94][95]
Materials
Aluminum
, glass and plastic
Glass and plastic; black or white (white not available for 8 GB models) Aluminosilicate glass and stainless steel; black (white announced, but as of October 2010 not released)
Power Built-in non removable rechargeable
lithium-ion polymer battery[96][97][98]
3.7 V 1400 mA·h[citation needed] 3.7 V 1150 mA·h[97] 3.7 V 1219 mA·h[99] 3.7 V 1420 mA·h[100]
Rated battery life (hours) audio: 24
video: 7
Talk over 2G: 8
Browsing internet: 6
Standby: 250
audio: 24
video: 7
Talk over 3G: 5
Browsing over 3G: 5
Browsing over Wi-Fi: 9
Standby: 300
audio: 30
video: 10
Talk over 3G: 5
Browsing over 3G: 5
Browsing over Wi-Fi: 9
Standby: 300
audio: 40
video: 10
Talk over 3G: 7
Browsing over 3G: 6
Browsing over Wi-Fi: 10
Standby: 300[101]
Dimensions 115 × 61 × 11.6 mm (4.5 × 2.4 × 0.46 in) 115.5 × 62.1 × 12.3 mm (4.5 × 2.4 × 0.48 in) 115.2 × 58.6 × 9.3 mm (4.5 × 2.31 × 0.37 in)
Weight 135 g (4.8 oz) 133 g (4.7 oz) 135 g (4.8 oz) 137 g (4.8 oz)
Released 4 and 8 GB: June 29, 2007
16 GB: February 5, 2008
July 11, 2008 16 and 32 GB: June 19, 2009
Black 8 GB: June 24, 2010
June 24, 2010
Discontinued 4 GB: September 5, 2007
8 and 16 GB: July 11, 2008
16 GB: June 8, 2009
Black 8 GB: June 4, 2010
16 and 32 GB: June 24, 2010
Black 8 GB: In production
In production
Type Allocation Codes 01/124500 01/161200, 01/181200 01/194800 01/233800

Software

thumb|The default Home screen of iOS 4 shows most of the applications provided by Apple. Users can download additional applications from the App store, create Web Clips, rearrange the icons, and create folders.

The iPhone (and

Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard. Together with the PowerVR hardware (and on the iPhone 3GS, OpenGL ES 2.0), it is responsible for the interface's motion graphics. The operating system takes up less than half a gigabyte.[102]
It is capable of supporting bundled and future applications from Apple, as well as from third-party developers. Software applications cannot be copied directly from Mac OS X but must be written and compiled specifically for iOS.

Like the iPod, the iPhone is managed with

version 7.3 or later, which is compatible with Mac OS X version 10.4.10 Tiger or later, and 32-bit Windows XP or Vista.[103] The release of iTunes 7.6 expanded this support to include 64-bit versions of XP and Vista,[104] and a workaround has been discovered for previous 64-bit Windows operating systems.[105] Apple provides free updates to the OS for the iPhone through iTunes,[102] and major updates have historically accompanied new models.[106] Such updates often require a newer version of iTunes — for example, the 3.0 update requires iTunes 8.2 — but the iTunes system requirements have stayed the same. Updates include both security patches and new features.[107] For example, iPhone 3G users initially experienced dropped calls until an update was issued.[108][109]

Interface

The

Spotlight, to the left of the first home screen.[33][34]

Almost all input is given through the touch screen, which understands

interaction techniques enable the user to move the content up or down by a touch-drag motion of the finger. For example, zooming in and out of web pages and photos is done by placing two fingers on the screen and spreading them farther apart or bringing them closer together, a gesture known as "pinching". Scrolling through a long list or menu is achieved by sliding a finger over the display from bottom to top, or vice versa to go back. In either case, the list moves as if it is pasted on the outer surface of a wheel, slowly decelerating as if affected by friction. In this way, the interface simulates the physics of a real object. Other user-centered interactive
effects include horizontally sliding sub-selection, the vertically sliding keyboard and bookmarks menu, and widgets that turn around to allow settings to be configured on the other side. Menu bars are found at the top and bottom of the screen when necessary. Their options vary by program, but always follow a consistent style motif. In menu hierarchies, a "back" button in the top-left corner of the screen displays the name of the parent folder.

Phone

The iPhone allows audio

voice dialing through third party applications.[115] Voice control, available only on the iPhone 3GS, allows users to say a contact's name or number and the iPhone will dial.[116]

The iPhone includes a visual voicemail (in some countries)[117] feature allowing users to view a list of current voicemail messages on-screen without having to call into their voicemail. Unlike most other systems, messages can be listened to and deleted in a non-chronological order by choosing any message from an on-screen list.

A music

Mac OS X)[119] or third-party tools.[120]

Multimedia

The layout of the music library is similar to that of an

The photo display application supports both portrait and landscape orientations.

The iPhone supports

fifth generation iPods introduced in 2005, the iPhone can play digital video, allowing users to watch TV shows and movies in widescreen. Double-tapping switches between widescreen and fullscreen
video playback.

The iPhone allows users to purchase and download songs from the iTunes Store directly to their iPhone. The feature originally required a Wi-Fi network, but now[when?] can use the cellular data network if one is not available.[122]

The iPhone includes software that allows the user to upload, view, and e-mail photos taken with the

Aperture on a Mac, or Photoshop
in Windows.

Internet connectivity

Internet access is available when the iPhone is connected to a local area

802.1X, an authentication system commonly used by university and corporate Wi-Fi networks, was added in the 2.0 version update.[127]

By default, the iPhone will ask to join newly discovered

Airplane mode
disables all wireless connections at once, overriding other preferences. However, once in Airplane mode, one can explicitly enable Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth modes to join and continue to operate over one or both of those networks while the cellular network transceivers remain off.

The iPhone 3GS has a maximum download rate of 7.2 

Mbit/s.[131] Furthermore, files downloaded over cellular networks must be smaller than 20 MB.[132] Larger files, often email attachments or podcasts, must be downloaded over Wi-Fi (which has no file size limits). If Wi-Fi is unavailable, one workaround is to open the files directly in Safari.[133]

The maps application can access

H.264 codec. Simple weather and stock quotes
applications also tap in to the Internet.

iPhone users can and do access the Internet frequently, and in a variety of places. According to

Nielsen found that 98% of iPhone users use data services, and 88% use the internet.[15] In China, the iPhone 3G and iPhone 3GS were built and distributed without Wi-fi.[146]

Text input

[[:Image:IPhone keyboard unblurred.jpg|thumb|The virtual keyboard on the original iPhone's touchscreen.]]

For text input, the iPhone implements a

cursor in the middle of existing text. The virtual keyboard can accommodate 21 languages, including character recognition for Chinese.[148] The 3.0 update brought support for cut, copy, or pasting text, as well as landscape keyboards in more applications.[33][34]

E-mail and text messages

The iPhone also features an e-mail program that supports

Kerio Connect.[150] In the first versions of the iPhone firmware, this was accomplished by opening up IMAP on the Exchange server. Apple has also licensed Microsoft ActiveSync and now[when?] supports the platform (including push email) with the release of iPhone 2.0 firmware.[151][152] The iPhone will sync e-mail account settings over from Apple's own Mail application, Microsoft Outlook, and Microsoft Entourage, or it can be manually configured on the device itself. With the correct settings, the e-mail program can access almost any IMAP or POP3 account.[153]

Text messages are presented chronologically in a mailbox format similar to Mail, which places all text from recipients together with replies. Text messages are displayed in speech bubbles (similar to iChat) under each recipient's name. The iPhone currently[when?] has built-in support for e-mail message forwarding, drafts, and direct internal camera-to-e-mail picture sending. Support for multi-recipient SMS was added in the 1.1.3 software update.[154] Support for MMS was added in the 3.0 update, but not for the original iPhone[33][34] and not in the U.S. until September 25, 2009.[155][156]

Third party applications

See also:
App Store

At

App Store, of which they will receive a 70% share.[159] Developers can also opt to release the application for free and will not pay any costs to release or distribute the application beyond the membership fee. The App Store was launched with the release of iOS 2.0, on July 11, 2008.[152] The update was free for iPhone users; owners of older iPod Touches were required to pay US$10 for it.[160]

Once a developer has submitted an application to the App Store, Apple holds firm control over its distribution. Apple can halt the distribution of applications it deems inappropriate, for example,

Podcaster, which allowed iPhone users to download podcasts directly to the iPhone claiming it duplicated the functionality of iTunes.[162] Apple has since released a software update that grants this capability.[143] NetShare, another rejected app, would have enabled users to tether their iPhone to a laptop or desktop, using its cellular network to load data for the computer.[163]

Before the SDK was released, third-parties were permitted to design "Web Apps" that would run through Safari.[164] Unsigned native applications are also available for "jailbroken" phones.[165] The ability to install native applications onto the iPhone outside of the App Store is not supported by Apple, the stated reason being that such native applications could be broken by any software update, but Apple has stated it will not design software updates specifically to break native applications other than those that perform SIM unlocking.[166]

Accessibility

The iPhone can enlarge text to make it more accessible for vision-impaired users,[167] and can accommodate hearing-impaired users with closed captioning and external TTY devices.[168] The iPhone 3GS also features white on black mode, VoiceOver (a screen reader), and zooming for impaired vision, and mono audio for limited hearing in one ear.[169] Apple regularly publishes Voluntary Product Accessibility Templates which explicitly state compliance with the US regulation "Section 508".[170]

Intellectual property

Apple has filed more than 200 patent applications related to the technology behind the iPhone.[171][172]

LG Electronics claimed the iPhone's design was copied from the

LG Prada. Woo-Young Kwak, head of LG Mobile Handset R&D Center, said at a press conference, “We consider that Apple copied Prada phone after the design was unveiled when it was presented in the iF Design Award and won the prize in September 2006.”[173]

On September 3, 1993,

Cisco Systems acquired Infogear, including the iPhone trademark.[179] On December 18, 2006 they released a range of re-branded Voice over IP (VoIP) sets under the name iPhone.[180]

In October 2002, Apple applied for the "iPhone" trademark in the United Kingdom, Australia, Singapore, and the European Union. A Canadian application followed in October 2004 and a New Zealand application in September 2006. As of October 2006 only the Singapore and Australian applications had been granted. In September 2006, a company called Ocean Telecom Services applied for an "iPhone" trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and Hong Kong, following a filing in Trinidad and Tobago.[181] As the Ocean Telecom trademark applications use exactly the same wording as Apple's New Zealand application, it is assumed that Ocean Telecom is applying on behalf of Apple.[182] The Canadian application was opposed in August 2005 by a Canadian company called Comwave who themselves applied for the trademark three months later. Comwave has been selling VoIP devices called iPhone since 2004.[179]

Shortly after Steve Jobs' January 9, 2007 announcement that Apple would be selling a product called iPhone in June 2007, Cisco issued a statement that it had been negotiating trademark licensing with Apple and expected Apple to agree to the final documents that had been submitted the night before.[183] On January 10, 2007 Cisco announced it had filed a lawsuit against Apple over the infringement of the trademark iPhone, seeking an injunction in federal court to prohibit Apple from using the name.[184] More recently, Cisco claimed that the trademark lawsuit was a "minor skirmish" that was not about money, but about interoperability.[185]

On February 2, 2007, Apple and Cisco announced that they had agreed to temporarily suspend litigation while they held settlement talks,[186] and subsequently announced on February 20, 2007 that they had reached an agreement. Both companies will be allowed to use the "iPhone" name[187] in exchange for "exploring interoperability" between their security, consumer, and business communications products.[188]

The iPhone has also inspired several leading high-tech clones,[189] driving both Apple's popularity and consumer willingness to upgrade iPhones quickly.[190]

On October 22, 2009 Nokia filed a lawsuit against Apple for infringement of its GSM, UMTS and WLAN patents. Nokia alleges that Apple has been violating ten of Nokia's patents since the iPhone's initial release.[191]

Restrictions

Apple tightly controls certain aspects of the iPhone. The

hacker community has found many workarounds, most of which are condemned by Apple and threaten to void the device's warranty.[192] "Jailbreaking" allows users to install apps not available on the App Store or modify basic functionality. SIM unlocking allows the iPhone to be used on a different carrier's network.[193]

Activation

The iPhone normally prevents access to its media player and web features unless it has also been activated as a phone with an authorized carrier. On July 3, 2007, Jon Lech Johansen reported on his blog that he had successfully bypassed this requirement and unlocked the iPhone's other features with a combination of custom software and modification of the iTunes binary. He published the software and offsets for others to use.[194]

Unlike the original, the iPhone 3G must be activated in the store in most countries.[195] This makes the iPhone 3G more difficult, but not impossible, to hack. The need for in-store activation, as well as the huge number of first-generation iPhone and iPod Touch users upgrading to iPhone OS 2.0, caused a worldwide overload of Apple's servers on July 11, 2008, the day on which both the iPhone 3G and iPhone OS 2.0 updates as well as MobileMe were released. After the update, devices were required to connect to Apple's servers to authenticate the update, causing many devices to be temporarily unusable.[196] Apple avoided this by releasing the 3.0 software two days before the iPhone 3GS.

Users on the

Wal-Mart will also sell the iPhone.[198]

Unlicensed third party software and jailbreaking

The iPhone's operating system is designed to only run software that has an Apple-approved

technical protection measures.[200] Apple, in a statement to the United States Copyright Office in response to EFF lobbying for a DMCA exception for this kind of hacking, claimed that jailbreaking the iPhone would be copyright infringement due to the necessary modification of system software.[201] Jailbroken iPhones may be susceptible to computer viruses, but few such incidents have been reported.[202][203]

SIM unlocking

United States

SIM
tray partially ejected.

Most iPhones are sold with a

IMEI
and is set when the iPhone is activated.

While the iPhone was initially sold in the US only on the AT&T network with a SIM lock in place, various hackers have found methods to "

unlock" the phone from a specific network.[204] Although AT&T is the only authorized iPhone carrier in the United States, unlocked iPhones can be used with other carriers after unlocking.[205] More than a quarter of the original iPhones sold in the United States were not registered with AT&T. Apple speculates that they were likely shipped overseas and unlocked, a lucrative market before the iPhone 3G's worldwide release.[206] iPhones are unlocked by users who wish to use other networks than AT&T's.[14][failed verification
]

AT&T has stated that the "iPhone cannot be unlocked, even if you are out of contract".[205][207] On March 26, 2009 AT&T in the United States began selling the iPhone without a contract, though still SIM-locked to their network.[208] Such iPhone units are often twice as expensive as those with contracts, because Apple and AT&T lose the deferred income.[209] Outside of the United States, policies differ.

United Kingdom

T-Mobile in the United Kingdom are allowed to sell it, with MVNO (mobile virtual network operator) Tesco Mobile also offering deals, thus the only operator not selling the iPhone currently is MVNO Virgin Mobile
. The new iPhone 4 in the UK is also sold unlocked without a contract for full retail price, for use on any network the user chooses, but only when bought at the physical Apple Stores or the Apple Online Store.

Australia

Four major carriers in Australia, (

Three, Optus, Telstra, and Vodafone),[210] offer legitimate unlocking.[69]

Denmark

In Denmark it is unlocked after 6 months of contract have passed, or earlier if you pay DKK 500 (approx. €70) for unlocking.

Other countries

The iPhone is also available without any SIM lock for full retail price in some countries. These include Canada, South Africa, Singapore, Greece, Taiwan, China, Hong Kong, Italy, New Zealand and Russia, vendors sell iPhones not locked to any carrier.[69]

See also

  • Similar Apple Devices
  • iPhone (original)
     – First generation iPhone with touchscreen interface
  • iPhone 3G – Second generation iPhone with 3G and GPS
  • iPhone 3GS – Third generation iPhone with improved camera and performance
  • megapixel
    camera, HD video, and improved performance

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External links