Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Younger
Çandarlı Halil Zaganos Pasha | |
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Personal details | |
Died | 10 July 1453 Constantinople, Ottoman Empire |
Çandarlı Halil Pasha (died 10 July 1453), known as the Younger, was a highly influential
Biography
Halil Pasha was the fourth and penultimate member of the
When Mehmed II became sultan, the Byzantine emperor
You stupid Greeks, I have known your cunning ways for long enough. The late sultan was a lenient and conscientious friend to you. The present sultan Mehmed is not of the same mind. If Constantinople eludes his bold and impetuous grip, it will only be because God continues to overlook your devious and wicked schemes.
You are fools to think that you can frighten us with your fantasies when the ink on our recent treaty of peace is barely dry. We are not children without strength or sense. If you think that you can start something, do so. If you want to proclaim Orhan as sultan in Thrace, go ahead. If you want to bring the Hungarians across the Danube, let them come. If you want to recover places that you lost long since, try it.
But know this: you will make no headway in any of these things. All that you will do is lose what little you have.[2]
In 1453, one of the first acts committed by the (then fully reigning) Sultan Mehmed II immediately after the conquest of Constantinople was to imprison Çandarlı Halil Pasha. The city had been taken on 29 May 1453 and Halil Pasha's imprisonment took place on 1 June 1453. His execution followed on 10 July 1453 and he was buried in İznik in an open tomb without a roof unlike his ancestors.[3]
Mehmed II thus ended the Çandarlı era in the Ottoman Empire, and the later members of the family became no more than provincial notables based in İznik, although they were to give yet another, short-term, grand vizier to the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 15th century (Halil's son Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Younger).
Çandarlı Halil Pasha was, as such, the first Ottoman grand vizier to be executed by the sultan.
Popular culture
- Reşit Gürzap portrayed Halil Pasha in the 1951 Turkish film The Conquest of Constantinople.
- Halil Pasha is played by Erden Alkan in Turkish film Fetih 1453 (2012).
- Halil Pasha appears in the historical novel Porphyry and Ash. The speech he delivers to the Byzantine Emperor is the same as that made by the real Halil Pasha as recorded by George Sphrantzes
- Halil Pasha is played by Selim Bayraktar in Netflix series Rise of Empires: Ottoman.
- Halil Pasha appears as an antagonist in Kiersten White's novel And I Darken (2016)
See also
- Çandarlı family
- Çandarlı, a town named by Halil Pasha
- List of Ottoman grand viziers