Autoradiograph
An autoradiograph is an image on an
Applications
In biology, this technique may be used to determine the tissue (or cell) localization of a radioactive substance, either introduced into a metabolic pathway, bound to a receptor[4][5] or enzyme, or hybridized to a nucleic acid.[6] Applications for autoradiography are broad, ranging from biomedical to environmental sciences to industry.
Receptor autoradiography
The use of
The distribution of RNA transcripts in tissue sections by the use of radiolabeled, complementary oligonucleotides or ribonucleic acids ("riboprobes") is called in situ hybridization histochemistry. Radioactive precursors of DNA and RNA, [3H]-thymidine and [3H]-uridine respectively, may be introduced to living cells to determine the timing of several phases of the cell cycle. RNA or DNA viral sequences can also be located in this fashion. These probes are usually labeled with 32P, 33P, or 35S. In the realm of behavioral endocrinology, autoradiography can be used to determine hormonal uptake and indicate receptor location; an animal can be injected with a radiolabeled hormone, or the study can be conducted in vitro.
Rate of DNA replication
The rate of DNA replication in a mouse cell growing in vitro was measured by autoradiography as 33 nucleotides per second.
Detection of protein phosphorylation
Detection of sugar movement in plant tissue
In
Other techniques
This autoradiographic approach contrasts to techniques such as
Krypton-85 is used to inspect aircraft components for small defects. Krypton-85 is allowed to penetrate small cracks, and then its presence is detected by autoradiography. The method is called "krypton gas penetrant imaging". The gas penetrates smaller openings than the liquids used in dye penetrant inspection and fluorescent penetrant inspection.[14]
Historical events
Unintentional exposure
The task of radioactive decontamination following the Baker nuclear test at
References
- PMID 10319763.
- ^ Encyclopedia of Life Sciences: Phosphorimager
- ^ Rupassara, S. I., R.A. Larson, G.K. Sims, and K.A. Marley. 2002 Degradation of atrazine by hornwort in aquatic systems. Bioremediation Journal 6(3): 217-224.
- S2CID 36648292.
- S2CID 21647100.
- PMID 9021518.
- S2CID 3691391.
- PMID 1095649.
- PMID 789903.
- PMID 26247811.
- PMID 11161046.
- ISSN 1040-2519.
- PMID 9751789.
- ^ "Krypton Gas Penetrant Imaging - A Valuable Tool for Ensuring Structural Integrity in Aircraft Engine Components". Archived from the original on July 20, 2008.
- ISBN 978-1-55750-919-2
Original publication by sole inventor Askins, Barbara S. (1 November 1976). "Photographic image intensification by autoradiography". Applied Optics. 15 (11): 2860–2865. Bibcode:1976ApOpt..15.2860A. doi:10.1364/ao.15.002860.
Further reading
- Rogers, Andrew W (1979). Techniques of Autoradiography (3rd ed.). New York: Elsevier North Holland. ISBN 978-0-444-80063-3.
- "Patent US4101780 Treating silver with a radioactive sulfur compound such as thiourea or derivatives". Google Patents. Retrieved 26 June 2014.