Badin

Coordinates: 24°39′26″N 68°50′26″E / 24.65722°N 68.84056°E / 24.65722; 68.84056
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the city in Pakistan. For other uses, see Badin (disambiguation).

Badin
بدين
City
UTC+5 (PKT
)

Badin (

87th largest city in Pakistan
. Badin is often called 'Sugar State' due to its production of sugar.[2]

Badin District was established in the year 1975. It comprises five Talukas Viz: Badin, Matli, Shaheed Fazal Rahu, Talhar and Tando bago and 46 Union Councils with 14 revenue circles, 111 Tapas and 535 dehs. This District is bordered by Hyderabad & Mirpukhas District in the North. Tharparkar & Mirpurkhas in the East, Hyderabad & Thatta District in the west & Kutch district of India in the South, which also forms the international boundary with India.[3]

History

Badin was the site of some military action in the late 1500s, under the

Siwistan, was seen as unfit to rule, so most of the nobility initially backed his younger brother Mirza Muzaffar Muhamad, who was located in Badin.[4] However, as Mirza Muzaffar hurried from Badin to Thatta to claim the throne, the nobles realised that they didn't want his maternal relatives, the Jaheja branch of the Samma tribe, so they instead sent for Payanda Muhammad's competent son Mirza Jani Beg to take over.[4][note 1] Mirza Jani immediately had many of Baqi Muhammad's favourites brutally executed, which terrified Mirza Muzaffar into retreating to his power base in Badin, where he began recruiting an army to challenge his nephew.[4] Mirza Jani then marched on Badin with an army of his own and successfully defeated his uncle, forcing him to flee to the court of Kachh.[4] Mirza Jani then annexed Badin into his territories.[4] A few years later in early 1592, when Mirza Jani was in revolt against the Mughal Empire, the Mughal general Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khanan sent a division to capture Badin, which they succeeded in doing.[4][note 2]

Later, around 1614,

jagirdar of Badin; he was recalled to the Mughal court by early 1615 to go on a military campaign against the Kangra Fort.[4] According to Mirak Yusuf, Badin belonged to the sarkar of Chachgan.[4]

The old town of Badin, which was on the western bank of the Ghari Mandhar canal, was later destroyed by the

Pathan Madat Khan during his raid into Sindh.[5] The present site, between the Ghari Mandhar and Kaziah canals, is said to have been founded around 1750 by a Hindu named Sawalo.[5]

Badin was first incorporated as a municipality in 1857.

juar, and oil.[5] Badin was then the headquarters of the taluka's mukhtiarkar and had a kacheri and jail with police lines (with a force of 3 officers and 11 constables), a district bungalow, and a dharamsala.[5] The town was home to several important pirs; the most important of them, Bhawan Shah, had died recently.[5]

Climate

Badin has a

hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification
BWh). The climate of the district taken as a whole is moderate and is tempered by the sea breeze which blows for eight months of the year from March to October, making the hot weather somewhat cooler than for the other parts of Pakistan. During the monsoon period, the sky is cloudy, but there is usually no rainfall. The climate in summer is generally moist and humid. The cold weather in Badin starts from the beginning of November when a sudden change from the moist sea breeze to the dry and cold north-east wind brings about, as a natural consequence, an immediate fall in temperature.cyclones and floods are hit because of sea.

Climate data for Badin
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 36.1
(97.0) 		37.2
(99.0) 		42.8
(109.0) 		45.6
(114.1) 		49.4
(120.9) 		46.7
(116.1) 		43.3
(109.9) 		41.1
(106.0) 		42.2
(108.0) 		41.7
(107.1) 		38.3
(100.9) 		35.6
(96.1) 		49.4
(120.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 25.8
(78.4) 		28.6
(83.5) 		34.0
(93.2) 		38.4
(101.1) 		39.8
(103.6) 		38.0
(100.4) 		35.1
(95.2) 		33.6
(92.5) 		34.4
(93.9) 		35.8
(96.4) 		31.9
(89.4) 		26.7
(80.1) 		33.5
(92.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 17.2
(63.0) 		20.1
(68.2) 		25.4
(77.7) 		30.1
(86.2) 		32.7
(90.9) 		32.8
(91.0) 		31.1
(88.0) 		29.8
(85.6) 		29.6
(85.3) 		29.7
(85.5) 		23.9
(75.0) 		18.4
(65.1) 		26.7
(80.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 8.7
(47.7) 		11.6
(52.9) 		16.8
(62.2) 		21.8
(71.2) 		25.5
(77.9) 		27.5
(81.5) 		27.0
(80.6) 		26.1
(79.0) 		24.9
(76.8) 		21.7
(71.1) 		15.9
(60.6) 		10.1
(50.2) 		19.8
(67.6)
Record low °C (°F) −1.1
(30.0) 		1.0
(33.8) 		5.0
(41.0) 		13.0
(55.4) 		17.5
(63.5) 		21.1
(70.0) 		23.0
(73.4) 		22.5
(72.5) 		20.6
(69.1) 		12.0
(53.6) 		6.7
(44.1) 		2.5
(36.5) 		−1.1
(30.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 1.0
(0.04) 		3.6
(0.14) 		2.3
(0.09) 		2.5
(0.10) 		0.7
(0.03) 		10.8
(0.43) 		70.5
(2.78) 		89.9
(3.54) 		34.4
(1.35) 		3.7
(0.15) 		1.7
(0.07) 		1.1
(0.04) 		222.2
(8.76)
Source: NOAA (1961-1990) [6]

Education

The University of Sindh established a campus in the region of Badin city, called 'Laar', to provide citizens in these areas with access to education. Sindh University's Laar Campus, Badin (S.U.L.C) was established in order to provide the inhabitants of Laar region, particularly girls, with the higher education in their local area.[7]

The campus provides facilities including a library and a computer laboratory with an Internet connection. The college offers 4-year bachelor's degree programs in

Computer Science, postgraduate diploma in Computer Science and B.Ed., M.Ed. & M.A. (Education).[7]

As of 2013[update] government owned institutions of education consisted of 209 schools for boys, 102 schools for girls, 691 primary schools, 428 co-educational schools, and 15 high school and higher education schools.[8]

Culture

The city was once the centre of Sufi culture in the region. Badin's Shah Qadri Mela,

Abdul-Qadir Gilani) was one of the famous festivals of Sindh that started around 1569 and ended around 1969 due to lack of support from government, and spread of Wahhabism, an orthodox version of Islam, which sees Sufism and Sufi Festivals as "threat to Islamic principles". It was the festival that used to attract more than fifty thousand people on each celebration.[10]

Notable People

Dr Sikandar Ali Mandhro




Dr Zulifqar Ali Mirza






Uzair Shah






Notes

  1. wakil
    to Payanda Muhammad, who was nominally in charge.
  2. Umarkot
    , and Thatta.

References

  1. ^ "Sindh (Pakistan): Province, Major Cities, Municipalites [sic] & Towns - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  2. ^ Gandhara, Trails. "Badin city history". Gandhara Trails. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
  3. ^ "Web Portal of Population Welfare Department Government of Sindh". pwdsindh.gov.pk. Archived from the original on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Akhtar, Muhammad Saleem (1983). Shāhjahānī of Yūsuf Mīrak (1044/1634) Sind under the Mughuls: an introduction to, translation of and commentary on the Maẓhar-i Shāhjahānī of Yūsuf Mīrak (1044/1634). pp. 86–7, 107, 172–3, 233–4. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Hughes, A.W. (1874). A Gazetteer of the Province of Sindh. London: George Bell and Sons. pp. 117–8. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
  6. ^ "Badin Climate Normals 1961-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
  7. ^ a b Sindh, University of. "Laar Campus UoS Badin". Archived from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
  8. ^ Schools, Badin. "Government owned schools in Badin". SchoolingLog. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
  9. ^ Commissioner, Pakistan Office of the Census (1962). Population Census of Pakistan, 1961: West Pakistan: 1.Karachi. 2.Lahore. 3.Gujranwala. 4.Rawalpindi. 5.Lyallpur. 6.Multan. 7.Quetta. 8.Peshawar. 9.Hyderabad. 10.Sukkur. 11.Bahawalpur. 12.Hazara. 13.Sialkot. 14.Sargodha. 15.Mianwali. 16.Jhang. 17.Loralai. 18.Sibi. 19.Jacobabad. 20.Campbellpur. 21.Gujrat. 22.Bannu. 23.Jhelum. 24.Tharparker. 25.Larkana. 26.Thatta. 27.Mekran.
  10. ^ Giyarwee Shareef, Badin. "Festivals of Pakistan". Dawn newspaper. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
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