Germany–Liechtenstein relations

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Germany–Liechtenstein relations
Map indicating locations of Germany and Liechtenstein

Germany
Liechtenstein

Germany–Liechtenstein relations are the

diplomatic relations between Germany and Liechtenstein. Both states are members of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the Council of Europe and the European Economic Area
.

Liechtenstein is the only

meeting of German-speaking countries.[1]

History

During

Eastern Frankish Empire, which in turn became the Holy Roman Empire in 962. Until the dissolution of the Empire in 1806, Liechtenstein remained a part of it, which accounts for the historical depth and closeness of German-Liechtenstein relations.[2]

In 1806 Liechtenstein gained its sovereignty, but as a member of the

First World War, Liechtenstein remained neutral but held sympathies to the Central Powers.[3] In the post-war period, the principality broke away from Austria and concluded a customs treaty with Switzerland.[4][5]

Liechtenstein government outside the Reich Chancellery in Berlin
on 2 March 1939.

In 1939, the

annex Liechtenstein, particularly in Operation Tannenbaum, these were never implemented.[9] During the war, Franz Joseph II periodically sent congratulatory letters to Adolf Hitler throughout the war, such as the thwarting of the 20 July plot, of which he briefly replied.[10]

In the postwar period, Liechtenstein transformed from a poor agricultural state into a service-providing economy. Today, the main

LGT Bank and other banks, primarily into foundations set up under local law.[11] In the 2008 Liechtenstein tax affair numerous German tax evaders were exposed: Internal bank data had been illegally stolen from LGT Bank by a former bank employee. The purchase of the data by Germany strained diplomatic relations with Liechtenstein. As a result of the Liechtenstein tax affair, loans to German museums already promised by the Princely House of Liechtenstein were withdrawn by Hereditary Prince Alois von und zu Liechtenstein. This act was justified by "questionable basic principles of the rule of law",[12] but the German media assume that this was an expression of the Princely House's disgruntlement.[13]

Daniel Risch and Olaf Scholz in 2022.

In 2008, the reigning

Prince of Liechtenstein Hans-Adam II used the expression of a "Fourth Reich" in a letter about German-Liechtenstein relations. In addition, he described the relations between the two countries as a "rollercoaster ride" and commented that they hoped for "better times" in this regard.[14] An bilateral tax agreement in accordance with OECD standards entered into force in 2010, and a comprehensive double taxation agreement in 2012.[15]

Economic relations

After Switzerland, Germany is the most important economic partner for Liechtenstein. In 2021, the bilateral trade volume was 1.4 billion euros, placing Liechtenstein 74th in the ranking of Germany's trading partners.[16] Liechtenstein is a tax haven for some German corporations and individuals.[13]

Diplomatic missions

References

  1. ^ Land, Lëtzebuerger (2016-09-02). "Beim Deutschen Bund in Eupen". Lëtzebuerger Land (in German). Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  2. ^ "Die Geschichte von Liechtenstein". L'Officiel Liechtenstein (in German). Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  3. Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein
    (in German). Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  4. Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein
    (in German). Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  5. ^ "Switzerland and Liechtenstein: December 2000". World Trade Organization. 2000-12-06. Retrieved 2012-09-16.
  6. Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein
    (in German). Retrieved 14 November 2023.
  7. Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein
    (in German). Retrieved 14 November 2023.
  8. ^ "Liechtenstein Jails Nazi For Attempt at Uprising". The New York Times. 27 April 1939. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  9. ISSN 0174-4909
    . Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  10. Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein
    (in German). Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  11. ^ "Weitere Bank in Liechtensteiner Steueraffäre verwickelt: "Nächste Woche knallt es wieder"". www.handelsblatt.com (in German). Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  12. ^ "Offizielle Verlautbarung des Liechtensteiner Fürstenhauses" (PDF). 2015-12-22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  13. ^ a b "Durchlaucht ist sauer". stern.de (in German). Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  14. ^ "Der Brief des Fürsten von Liechtenstein". Süddeutsche.de (in German). Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  15. ^ "Deutschland und Liechtenstein: Bilaterale Beziehungen". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  16. ^ "Rangfolge der Handelspartner im Außenhandel" (PDF). Statistisches Bundesamt. Retrieved 2022-09-30.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Germany-Liechtenstein relations.
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