Hurricane Dolly (2008)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the 2008 hurricane. For other storms of the same name, see List of storms named Dolly.
Hurricane Dolly
Dolly at peak intensity, just before landfall on July 23
Meteorological history
FormedJuly 20, 2008 (July 20, 2008)
Remnant lowJuly 25, 2008
DissipatedJuly 27, 2008 (July 27, 2008)
Category 2 hurricane
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS)
Highest winds100 mph (155 km/h)
Lowest pressure963 mbar (hPa); 28.44 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities22
Damage$1.6 billion (2008 USD)
Areas affectedCayman Islands, Honduras, Belize, Guatemala, Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona
IBTrACSEdit this at Wikidata
Part of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season

Hurricane Dolly was a strong tropical cyclone that made landfall in Deep South Texas in July 2008. Dolly was the fourth tropical cyclone and second hurricane to form during the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season. Dolly developed on July 20 from an area of disturbed weather in association with a strong tropical wave. It was named at that time, as the precursor wave already had tropical storm-force winds.

The tropical storm made

Florida Panhandle. Overall, Hurricane Dolly caused $1.6 billion in damage and 22 deaths. Despite the excessive damage and loss of life from the storm, the name Dolly was not retired and was used again in the 2014
season.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

An area of disturbed weather formed over the tropical Atlantic about 1,600 miles (2,600 km) east of the southern

reconnaissance aircraft found a low-level circulation and the system was identified as a tropical cyclone by the National Hurricane Center (NHC). The reconnaissance data showed that the storm had maximum sustained winds exceeding the 34 kn (39 mph; 63 km/h) threshold for tropical storm status. Additionally, buoy data corroborated that the system was producing speeds of this velocity at sea level, so the NHC declared the system to be a tropical storm, bypassing the tropical depression stage altogether, and giving it the name Dolly.[5]

Yucatan Peninsula

At this point, Dolly was located 270 mi (430 km) east of Chetumal, and 230 mi (370 km) southeast of Cozumel;[6] the tropical storm was expected to make landfall later that day. At the time of Dolly's approach to Quintana Roo, 100,000 tourists were in the state,[7] and 45,000 of them in Cancún.[8] Originally, the storm was forecast by the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (Mexico's national weather service) to make landfall between Playa del Carmen and Tulum.[9] However, as the storm approached the Quintana Roo coastline, it lost its organization and its surface circulation center disappeared.[10] When the storm was just offshore, it began reorganizing, and a new circulation center formed in the heavy convection on the northern sector of the storm.[11] In essence, this caused the storm to briefly move parallel to the coastline, shifting the point of Dolly's first landfall to north of Cancún. The northward shift also caused the bulk of the storm to stay over water, reducing its impact on the Yucatán Peninsula.[12]

After moving into the

Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua/El Paso, Texas metropolitan area on the morning of July 26[15] and then north across New Mexico. The remnant low of Dolly finally began to dissipate late in the evening of July 27 approximately 100 km (62 mi) west-northwest of Dalhart, Texas.[16]

Preparations

Yucatán Peninsula

On July 20, the Mexican government issued a

tropical storm watch from Belize City to the Mexican border.[17]

That same morning, the

Yucatán state government issued a blue alert, followed by an orange alert when the storm approached the state.[8]

United States and Mexico

Dolly shortly after moving inland near Laguna Madre, Texas

The National Hurricane Center and the Mexican government issued

hurricane warnings and tropical storm warnings, respectively. At the same time, the Mexican government issued a hurricane watch between the San Fernando River and La Pesca.[25]

In the

Petróleos Mexicanos evacuated 66 people from one of its rigs.[30] In spite of this, oil production was not expected to be affected by Dolly.[27]

In Texas,

Rio Grande Valley on notice of a possible storm.[33] Cameron County emergency officials urged residents living along the Rio Grande to evacuate, for fear of the levees alongside the river bursting.[34] Port of Brownsville officials also decided to close the port at midnight Wednesday, July 23, through midnight Friday, July 25.[35] The United States Navy removed 104 airplanes from Truax Field and flew them to bases further inland, and Immigration and Customs Enforcement evacuated its detention facility in Port Isabel.[36]

On July 21, the state of

Secretaría de Gobernación (SEGOB), declared a state of emergency in 17 municipalities, making them eligible to receive federal assistance funding.[42] SEGOB also ordered 600 Army troops and 350 Marines deployed to Tamaulipas,[43] a number that later grew to 4,800 military and police.[40] Further inland, on July 21, the Nuevo León state government began to prepare 300 shelters throughout the state,[44] and the Coahuila state government announced a state of alert the next day.[38] On July 23, Coahuila authorities emitted an orange alert due to the risk of flooding from Dolly's remnants, and activated 2,000 military and police to the state.[45]

Impact

Coast Guard video of the aftermath of Hurricane Dolly in south Texas

Northwestern Caribbean

In Guatemala, the rain caused

Huehuetenango. One more person drowned after trying to cross the flooded Punilá River in La Unión.[2]
Before it made landfall, Dolly caused heavy rain in western
La Habana.[46]
In Mexico, the state of
beach erosion.[48] Four fisherman were reported missing after Dolly passed over the Yucatán peninsula, and one of them was found dead on the beach near Puerto Progreso, Yucatán.[49]

United States

Flooding from Hurricane Dolly

In the United States,

Rio Grande Valley in 41 years; the last such storm was Beulah in 1967, but Beulah was not more damaging; it was just deadlier. It was the worst hurricane to hit Brownsville since 1980's Allen. No deaths were reported as a result of the storm, but one boy was injured after falling seven floors from a condominium balcony in South Padre Island.[51] Early on July 23, an apartment complex roof partially collapsed in South Padre Island. Power was knocked out to more than 13,000 customers in Cameron County, Texas and 15,100 in Hidalgo County, Texas. Sustained winds were estimated at 100 mph with gusts of 120 mph when Dolly made landfall. Dolly's strongest winds and heaviest rains were generally on the left or south side of the eyewall. The winds blew signs off of many hotels.[52] Residents of Brownsville reported downed tree limbs, among other small damages.[53] In addition, at least two tornadoes were reported in San Patricio County, well to the north of the landfall location. One of them uprooted trees and knocked over several roofs and weak structures.[54] By noon on July 23, the storm had left 36,000 customers in south Texas without electric power, a number that rose to 61,000 by 3:00 p.m,[55] and to 122,800 by 6:00 p.m.[56] At the height of the disaster, some 155,000 homes were without electricity. The damage in South Texas was much more destructive than what was predicted. Dozens of homes and businesses were destroyed with hundreds more damaged, and the storm surge caused many boats to be brought onshore, some into homes.[citation needed
]

Storm total rainfall from Dolly

The

Ruidoso Downs racetrack.[65] One person was killed in the Rio Ruidoso flooding,[66] approximately 900 persons required rescue, approximately 500 structures were damaged, and initial damage estimates for Ruidoso, New Mexico were in the range of $15–20 million.[67]

Flooding in southern Texas, as taken from a United States Coast Guard aircraft

Elsewhere

Distant effects included high waves and rip currents throughout the Central and Eastern Gulf Coast. One person was killed and at least nine others had to be rescued from Panama City Beach, Florida, as a result of rip currents caused by Dolly.[68] The storm contributed to a $2.16 price increase in oil futures in the New York Mercantile Exchange on July 21,[69] although prices fell again after Dolly missed most of the oil rigs in the Gulf.[70] The Minerals Management Service indicated that Dolly caused 4.66% of the total oil production and 5.13% of the natural gas production to be shut in.[71] The remnants of Dolly also impacted parts of the Midwest, including the states of Illinois, Indiana, Tennessee, and some parts of southern Missouri, causing severe weather reports and some damage of property. [citation needed]

Mexico

In

USD).[59]

See also

References

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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hurricane Dolly (2008).
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