List of Pakistan Movement activists
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The Founders and activists of the Pakistan Movement, also known as Founding Fathers of Pakistan (
annexed to the Constitution of Pakistan in 1950.[2]
The term was first used by the
British India from the control of the United Kingdom and also from the influence of the Indian Congress;[1][5][6][7] this creating Pakistan.[1]
The following is a list of people who played a prominent role in making of Pakistan as independence activists, leaders,
freedom fighters
and revolutionaries.
Historical background
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In 1905, the
English government which separated the largely Muslim eastern areas from the largely Hindu western areas was supported by the Muslims communities.[8] The success of the Swadeshi movement led by Indian activists led the reintegrating the presidency and it was a catalyst in making the Muslims reformers of India realize the need for a separate homeland.[8]
During the same year, the political efforts and initiations led by Sir
Ali Johar wrote All-India Muslim League's first agenda and Syed Ameer Ali established its European branch in the United Kingdom.[11]
For quite sometime, the
Ali, 1933); the Two-nation theory which was subsequently contributed by many activists and leaders played a crucial role in gaining the creation of Pakistan in 1947.[12] Ashraf Ali Thanwi's disciples Shabbir Ahmad Usmani and Zafar Ahmad Usmani were key players in religious support for the creation of Pakistan.[13]
The newly founded country of
annexed to the Constitution of Pakistan.[14]
Occupations and finances
The founders and activists as well had different occupations and practiced a wide range of
M.M. Sharif, a philosopher; and Shaukat Hyatt Khan, an officer in the British Army, are the quiet few notable personalities who played an integrated role in the movement.[citation needed
]
List of Founders of Pakistan
 |
| Name (Birth and date) |
Portrait | Place of representation and origin | Pre-independence and Post-independence notability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876–1948) |
|
Karachi, Sindh | Founder of Pakistan First Governor-General of Pakistan
First President-Speaker of the Constituent Assembly Presiding figure of the Muslim League |
| Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1939) |
|
Punjab
|
Regarded as Spiritual Father of Pakistan Presented and conceived the Urdu language
|
| Ashraf Ali Thanwi (1863–1943) |
Thana Bhawan, Muzaffarnagar | Leader of the Ulama who supported the Pakistan Movement.[15] | |
| Shabbir Ahmad Usmani (1887–1949) |
|
Bijnor, North-Western Provinces | Key player in religious support for the creation of Pakistan,[13] Founder of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam, raise the first flag of Pakistan in Karachi.[16] |
| Zafar Ahmad Usmani (1892–1974) |
Deoband, British India | Another key player in religious support for the creation of Pakistan,[13] second leader of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam, raise the first flag of Pakistan in Dhaka.[17] | |
| Aga Khan III (1877–1957) |
|
Karachi, Sindh | Key presiding figure of the Ismailism movement in support of Pakistan movement.
|
| Liaquat Ali Khan (1895–1951) |
|
Punjab
|
|
| Fatima Jinnah (1893–1967) |
|
Karachi, Sindh | Regarded as Māder-e-Pakistan Woman activist Younger sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah Leader of the Opposition during 1965 elections |
| Qazi Muhammad Isa (1914–1976) |
|
Pishin, Balochistan | Organizer of Muslim League in Balochistan and NWFP Youngest member of Muslim League's working committee |
| Fazlul Huq (1873–1962) |
|
Barisal, Bengal
|
Ascended as Interior Minister of Pakistan
Governor of East Pakistan |
| Khawaja Nazimuddin (1894–1964) |
|
Dhaka, Bengal | First Bengali leader of Pakistan Second Second Governor-General of Pakistan
|
Naseer Ahmad Malhi (1911–1991) |
|
Punjab
|
First Minister of Education of Pakistan
|
| Rahmat Ali (1897–1951) |
|
Punjab
|
Coined and created " Now or Never
|
| Bahadur Yar Jung (1905–1944) |
|
Hyderabad Deccan
|
|
Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan (1895–1963) |
Jhelum, Punjab
|
Leader of Pakistan Movement, close companion of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, minister and diplomat | |
| Muhammad Arif Khan Rajbana Sial
(1913–2010) |
Jhang, Punjab | Key presiding figure of the Muslim League.
Member All-India Constituent Assembly. Chief Party Whip. | |
| G. M. Syed (1904–1995) |
|
Karachi, Sindh | Key presiding figure of the Muslim League Rallied Sindh's support for Pakistan movement |
| Abdur Rab Nishtar (1899–1958) |
|
Peshawar, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa | Governor of Punjab
First Minister of communications |
| Huseyn Suhrawardy (1892–1963) |
|
Dhaka, Bengal | One Unit
|
Mohammad Ali Jouhar (1878–1931) |
|
Rampur, Uttar Pradesh | Muslim cleric and leader of Khilafat Movement Key presiding figure of the Muslim League |
Shaukat Ali (1873–1939) |
|
Rampur, Uttar Pradesh | Muslim cleric and leader of Khilafat Movement Key presiding figure of the Muslim League |
Jalal-ud-din Jalal Baba (1901–1981) |
|
Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Founder of Hazara Muslim League Senior Muslim Leaguer and winner of referendum in NWFP |
| Zafar Ali Khan (1873–1956) |
|
Wazirabad, Punjab | and Urdu language
|
| Ra'ana Ali Khan (1905–1990) |
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|
Almora, United Provinces | First Lady of Pakistan Governor of Sindh Initiated Women military corps Widely known as Māder-e-Pakistan" |
| Jogendra Nath Mandal (1904–1968) |
|
Barisal, Bengal | First Law Minister of Pakistan
|
| Victor Turner (1892–1974) |
|
London United Kingdom | Founded Pakistan Civil Services
|
| Syed Amir-uddin Kedwaii (1901–1973) |
|
Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh
|
Designed the Pakistani Flag |
| Khaliq-uz-Zaman (1889–1963) |
|
Rampur, Uttar Pradesh | Presiding figure of the Muslim League |
Jahanara Shahnawaz (1896–1979) |
Punjab
|
Crucial role in women legislature after the independence. |
Notable activists
The activities and constant public gathering of founding fathers of Pakistan attracted the people of North-West India to be politically active in the movement. Many of the activists would later becoming the future leader of the country.
| Name (Birth and date) |
Portrait | Place of representation and origin | Pre-independence and Post-independence notability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shireen Jinnah (1891–1980) |
|
Karachi, Sindh | Sister of Jinnah |
| Muhammad Asad (1900–1992) |
Lemberg, Austria-Hungary
|
Honorary figure in Pakistan | |
| Sartaj Aziz (1929–2024) |
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|
Mardan, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa | National Security Adviser (2013–Present) Played key role in the political events in Pakistan, including that of nuclear tests in 1998 Professor of Economics at various universities of Pakistan. |
| Rafiq Tarar (1929-2021) | Gujranwala, Punjab | (1997–2001) | |
| Mir Hazar Khoso (1929-2022) | .jpg){kind=icon}
|
Jaffarabad, Balochistan
|
Acting Prime Minister of Pakistan (25 March 2013 – 4 June 2013) |
| Nurul Amin (1893–1974) |
|
Shahbazpur, Bengal | Prime Minister of Pakistan (7–20 December 1971) Only Vice-president of Pakistan |
| Shahzada Rehmatullah Khan Durrani (1919-1992) |
|
Quetta, Balochistan | Politician |
| Alvin Robert Cornelius (1903–1991) |
Agra | Chief Justice of Pakistan (1960–1968) | |
| Pir Gohar (1931–2013) |
Mardan, KP | Poet and critic (19xx–2013) | |
| Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (1920–1975) |
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|
then Faridpur, Bengal | The leader of Pakistan's majority party in the 1970 elections and later the founder and president of Bangladesh. |
See also
- Pakistan
- Dominion of Pakistan
- Muhammad Ali Jinnah
- Indian independence activists
- List of presidents of the All-India Muslim League
References
- ^ ISBN 0815715021.
- ^ Akhtar, PAF, Air Marshal Masood (28 October 2011). "Six Suggested Founding Fathers' Vision Documents for Pakistan... II". Pakistan Tribune. 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2014.
- ^ ISBN 9693508300.
- ^ Staff editors. "Guiding Principles of Pakistan's Foreign Policy". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA). Retrieved 30 January 2014.
{{cite web}}:|last=has generic name (help) - ISBN 978-0-313-34697-2.
- ISBN 8170247675.
- ISBN 978-1136818943.
- ^ a b Administrators; et al. (1 June 2003). "Partition of Bengal". Nazaria-e-Pakistan. Story of Pakistan (Pre-Independence, part-I). Retrieved 1 February 2014.
- ^ Abdul Rashid Kahn, "All India Muhammadan Educational Conference and the Foundation of the All India Muslim League," Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society (2007) Vol. 55 Issue 1/2, pp 65–83.
- ^ a b staff.; et al. (1 June 2003). "Simla Deputation". Nazaria-e-Pakistan. Nazaria-e-Pakistan (Story of Pakistan, Simla Deputation). Retrieved 1 February 2014.
- ^ a b Staff (June 2003). "Establishment of All India Muslim League". Nazaria-e-Pakistan Trust (AIML). Retrieved 1 February 2014.
- ^ Staff. "The Struggle for Independence". Nazaria-Pakistan Trust (Independence timeline). Retrieved 1 February 2014.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-19-530513-5, archivedfrom the original on 25 June 2022, retrieved 2022-06-25
- ^ a b "The Constituent Assembly". Nazaria Pakistan, (Post-Independence, part I). 1 January 2007. Retrieved 1 February 2014.
- eISSN 2618-0820..
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- S2CID 252890505.. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
