Lithium phosphide
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Other names
Trilithium phosphide
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3D model (
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard
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100.031.824 |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
Li3P | |
Molar mass | 51.79 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Red-brown crystals |
Density | 1.43 |
Structure | |
cubic | |
Related compounds | |
Other cations
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Scandium phosphide Lanthanum phosphide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Lithium phosphide is an inorganic compound of lithium and phosphorus with the chemical formula Li
3P. This dark colored compound is formally the Li+ salt of P3-. It is a hazardous to handle because of its high reactivity toward air.[1]
Synthesis
Heating
- 12Li + P4 → 4Li3P
Reaction of monolithium phosphide and lithium:
- LiP + 2Li → Li3P
Physical and chemical properties
Lithium phosphide forms red-brown crystals of hexagonal systems, space group P63/mmc,[2] cell parameters a = 0.4264 nm, c = 0.7579 nm, Z = 2.[3][4]
The compound react with water to release phosphine:[5]
- Li3P + 3H2O → 3LiOH + PH3
Uses
The compound is proposed to be used as a potential electrolyte for solid-state devices.[6]
Related compounds
Reaction of lithium with red phosphorus at 870 °C gives Li3P7.[7]
Further reading
- Nazri, Gholamabbas (1 April 1989). "Preparation, structure and ionic conductivity of lithium phosphide". .
Safety
Alkali metal phosphides are dangerous compounds when exposed to oxygen or moisture.[8]
References
- ^ a b E. Donges (1963). "Phosphides, Arsenides, Antimonides and Bismuthides of Alkali Metals from the Elements". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2. NY, NY: Academic Press. p. 985.
- materialsproject.org. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
- . Retrieved 10 December 2021.
- ^ Donnay, Joseph Désiré Hubert (1963). Crystal Data; Determinative Tables. American Crystallographic Association. p. 765. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
- .
- ISBN 978-1-83916-260-2. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
- .
- U.S. Government Printing Office. 1979. p. 9. Retrieved 10 December 2021.