Luís I of Portugal
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Portuguese. (January 2012) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
|
This article needs additional citations for verification. (September 2015) |
Luís I | |
---|---|
King of Portugal | |
Reign | 11 November 1861 – 19 October 1889 |
Acclamation | 22 December 1861 |
Predecessor | Pedro V |
Successor | Carlos I |
Prime Ministers | |
Born | Pantheon of the Braganzas | 31 October 1838
Spouse | |
Issue | |
House | Braganza[1] |
Father | Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha |
Mother | Maria II of Portugal |
Religion | Roman Catholicism |
Signature |
Reign
Luís was a cultured man who wrote vernacular poetry, but had no distinguishing gifts in the politics into which he was thrust by the death of his older brother
Personal interests
Luís was also very keen with literature, not only with books in Portuguese but also in English. He was the first to bring fully translated Shakespearean works to Portugal, such as
Marriage and descendants
In June 1862, Luís asked Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria (1845–1927), a daughter of
Luís married Maria Pia, the daughter of
- Dom Carlos, Prince Royal of Portugal (28 September 1863 – 1 February 1908), successor as King Carlos I; murdered by the Carbonária.
- Dom Afonso, Prince Royal of Portugal (31 July 1865 – 21 February 1920), Infante of Portugal, Duke of Porto, Viceroy of India, and after 1908 Prince Royal.
Honours
He received the following orders:[4]
- Austria: Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen, 1854[5]
- Baden:[6]
- Knight of the House Order of Fidelity, 1885
- Knight of the Order of Berthold the First, 1885
- Knight of St. Hubert, 1867[7]
- Belgium:
- Order of Leoopold (Grand Cordon) (Belgium) , 9 July 1854[8]
- Brazil:
- National Order of the Southern Cross (Grand Collar) [a] (Brazil) , 1861
- Grand Cross of the Rose, with Collar
- Grand Cross of the Order of Pedro I, with Collar
- Denmark: Knight of the Elephant, 18 April 1864[9]
- Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order, 1854[10]
- France:
- Legion of Honour (Grand Cross) [b] (France)
- Military Medal
- Greece: Grand Cross of the Redeemer
- Hanover:[11]
- Knight of St. George, 1861
- Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order
- Order of Kamehameha I, 19 August 1881[12]
- Hesse and by Rhine: Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order, 7 December 1865[13]
- Japan: Grand Cordon of the Order of the Chrysanthemum, 20 April 1883[14]
- Liberia: Grand Cross of the Order of African Redemption
- Mecklenburg: Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown, with Crown in Ore and Collar
- Mexico: Grand Cross of the Mexican Eagle, with Collar, 1865[15]
- Grand Cross of St. Charles
- Netherlands: Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion
- Ottoman Empire: Order of the Medjidie (Class I: Gold) [c] (Ottoman Empire) , 1st Class in Diamonds
- Tunisia: Grand Cordon of the Order of Glory, in Diamonds
- Prussia: Knight of the Black Eagle, 24 July 1854; with Collar, 1862[16]
- Romania:
- Russia:
- Knight of St. Andrew, with Collar
- Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky
- Knight of the White Eagle
- Knight of St. Anna, 1st Class
- San Marino: Grand Cross of San Marino
- Sardinia:
- Knight of the Annunciation, 15 July 1855[17]
- Grand Cross of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, 15 July 1855
- Sovereign Military Order of Malta: Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion
- Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the White Falcon, 1 August 1854[18]
- Saxony: Knight of the Rue Crown, 1854[19]
- Serbia: Grand Cross of the Cross of Takovo
- Siam: Knight of the Nine Gems
- Spain:
- Knight of the Golden Fleece, 28 November 1861[20]
- Grand Cross of Naval Merit, with Red Decoration, 1877[21]
- Grand Cross of the Military Order of St. Ferdinand
- Grand Cross of Military Merit
- Sweden-Norway:
- Knight of the Seraphim, 27 November 1861[22]
- Grand Cross of St. Olav, 28 December 1872[23]
- United Kingdom: Stranger Knight of the Garter, 17 June 1865[24]
- Württemberg: Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown, 1865[25]
Ancestry
Ancestors of Luís I of Portugal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Notes
- ^ Portuguese: Ordem Nacional do Cruzeiro do Sul – Grande Colar
- ^ French: Légion d'honneur - Grand-croix
- ^ Presented by the Sultan
References
- ^ a b "While remaining patrilineal dynasts of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944 Almanach de Gotha, Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of the 1838 Portuguese constitution declared, with respect to Ferdinand II of Portugal's issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza"
- ^ Lopes, Maria Antónia (2013). Rainhas Que o Povo Amou - Estefânia de Hohenzollern e Maria Pia de Sabóia. Temas e Debates. p. 121.
- ^ Lencastre, Isabel (2012). Bastardos Reais: Os filhos ilegítimos dos Reis de Portugal. Oficina do Livro. p. 149.
- ^ Albano da Silveira Pinto (1883). "Serenissima Casa de Bragança". Resenha das Familias Titulares e Grandes des Portugal (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Empreza Editora de Francisco Arthur Da Silva. p. xiv.
- ^ "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Baden (1888), "Großherzogliche Orden", pp. 62, 74
- ^ Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Bayern: 1877. Landesamt. 1877. p. 8.
- ^ Ferdinand Veldekens (1858). Le livre d'or de l'ordre de Léopold et de la croix de fer. lelong. p. 207.
- ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2.
- ^ Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1884), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" p. 29
- ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Hannover (1865), "Königliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen" p. 38, 73
- ^ King Kalakaua's Tour Round the World (Honolulu, 1881) p. 74
- ^ Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Hessen und bei Rhein (1879), "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen ", p. 12
- ^ 刑部芳則 (2017). 明治時代の勲章外交儀礼 (PDF) (in Japanese). 明治聖徳記念学会紀要. p. 143.
- ^ "Seccion IV: Ordenes del Imperio", Almanaque imperial para el año 1866 (in Spanish), 1866, pp. 214–236, 242–243, retrieved 29 April 2020
- ^ "Schwarzer Adler-orden", Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (in German), vol. 1, Berlin: R. v. Deder, 1877, p. 10
- ^ Cibrario, Luigi (1869). Notizia storica del nobilissimo ordine supremo della santissima Annunziata. Sunto degli statuti, catalogo dei cavalieri (in Italian). Eredi Botta. p. 115. Retrieved 2019-03-04.
- ^ Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach Archived 2019-08-22 at the Wayback Machine (1859), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 13
- ^ Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen (1867) (in German), "Königliche Ritter-Orden", p. 4
- ^ "Caballeros de la insigne orden del Toison de Oro", Guóa Oficial de España (in Spanish), 1875, p. 102, retrieved 4 March 2019
- ^ "Caballeros Grandes Cruces de la Orden del Mérito Naval", Guóa Oficial de España (in Spanish), 1887, p. 579, retrieved 26 April 2020
- ^ Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1881, p. 377, retrieved 2019-02-20 – via runeberg.org
- ^ Norges statskalender (in Norwegian), 1886, p. 234, archived from the original on 2020-07-26, retrieved 2019-02-20 – via genealogi.no
- ^ Shaw, Wm. A. (1906) The Knights of England, I, London, p. 62
- ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1866), "Königliche Orden" p. 31