Social conservatism
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Social conservatism is a
Social conservatives also value the rights of religious institutions to participate in the public sphere, thus often supporting government-religious endorsement and opposing state atheism, and in some cases opposing secularism.[5][6][7]
Social conservatism, as a movement, is largely an outgrowth of traditionalist conservatism. The key difference is that traditional conservatism is broader and includes philosophical considerations, whereas social conservatism is largely focused on just moralism.
Social conservatism and other ideological views
There is overlap between social conservatism and paleoconservatism, in that they both support and value traditional social forms.[8][self-published source]
Social conservatism is not to be confused with
Many social conservatives support a balance between
Social conservatism by country
This section needs additional citations for verification. (January 2013) |
Australia
Mainstream conservatism in Australia generally incorporates
Nevertheless, the National Right (also known as the "Conservative" faction or the "Right" faction) serves as the party's social conservative faction, although the party is still considered a broad church conservative party and factions do collaborate with each other; for example, the New South Wales Liberal Party often chooses a leadership team consisting of both a member of the more centrist Moderate faction and a member of the Right.
Social conservatives in Australia often need to take a broad church stance while governing, for example when
During the
Canada
In Canada, social conservatism, though widespread, is not as prominent in the public sphere as
Compared to
Social conservatives often felt that they were being sidelined by officials in the
China
.After the Chinese Communist Revolution, social conservatism in China increased due to the rise of New Confucianism and others after the 1970s to 1980s during the Chinese economic reform.
President Xi Jinping has adopted a more conservative social view since he began his third presidency. He reflects traditional and patriarchal views of women in speeches and policies. This is related to China's low birth rate problem.[17]
Islamic world
Most Muslim countries are somewhat more socially conservative (such as Tajikistan and Malaysia) than neighbouring countries that are not Muslim. However, due to their interpretation of Islamic law also known as Shariah, they have some differences from social conservatism as understood in the nations of West Europe, North America and Oceania.[citation needed]
Arab world
The Arab world has recently[when?] been more conservative in social and moral issues due to the Arab spring.[citation needed]
India
Hindu social conservatism
Hindu social conservatism in India in the twenty first century has developed into an influential movement, represented in the political arena by the right-wing Bharatiya Janata Party. Hindu social conservatism, also known as the Hindutva movement, is spearheaded by the voluntary non-governmental organization Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. The core philosophy of this ideology is nativism, and it sees Hinduism as a national identity, rather than a religious one. Due to an inclination towards nativism, much of its platform is based on the belief that Islamic and Christian denominations in India are the result of occupations, and, therefore, these groups should be uprooted from the Indian subcontinent by converting their members back to Hinduism.
In terms of political positions, Hindu social conservatives in India seek to institutionalize a
Muslim social conservatism
There are several socially conservative Muslim organisations in India, ranging from groups such as the Indian Union Muslim League which aim to promote the preservation of Indian Muslim culture as a part of the nation's identity and history.[citation needed]
South Africa
Social conservatism had an important place in Apartheid South Africa ruled by the National Party. Pornography,[19] gambling[20] and other activities that were deemed undesirable were severely restricted. The majority of businesses were forbidden from doing business on Sunday.[21]
United States
Social conservatism in the
The Republican Party is the largest United States political party with socially conservative ideals incorporated into its platform. Other socially conservative parties include the American Solidarity Party, the Constitution Party and the Prohibition Party.
Social conservatives are strongest in the South, where they are a mainstream political force with aspirations to translate those ideals using the party platform nationally. Supporters of social conservatism played a major role in the political coalitions of Ronald Reagan and George W. Bush.[26]
Other areas
There are also social conservative movements in many other parts of the world, such as Latin America, Eastern Europe, the Balkans, the Caucasus, Central Europe, Mediterranean countries, Southeast Asia, and Oceania.
Examples of social conservative political parties
This section needs additional citations for verification. (August 2017) |
Armenia
- Conservative Party
- Constitutional Rights Union
- For Social Justice
- National Christian Party
- Pan-Armenian National Agreement
- Prosperous Armenia
- Republican Party of Armenia
Australia
- Democratic Labour Party
- Liberal Party of Australia
- Katter's Australian Party
- Pauline Hanson's One Nation
- Shooters, Fishers and Farmers Party
- United Australia Party
- National Party of Australia
Austria
Belgium
- New-Flemish Alliance (Nationalist)
- Vlaams Belang (Nationalist)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brazil
- Brazilian Labour Party(PTB)
- Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB)
- Brazilian Woman's Party (PMB)
- Christian Democracy (DC)
- Liberal Party (PL)
- Patriot(PATRIOTA)
- Republicans (REPUBLICANOS)
- Social Christian Party (PSC)
Bulgaria
- GERB
- IMRO – Bulgarian National Movement
- Bulgarian Socialist Party (factions)
Cambodia
Canada
- Conservative Party of Canada (Factions)
- Christian Heritage Party of Canada
- People's Party of Canada (Factions)
Chile
- Christian Social Party (PDC)
- Chilean Republican Party (PLR)
- Independent Democratic Union (UDI)
Czech Republic
Denmark
El Salvador
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Fiji
Finland
France
Germany
- Alternative for Germany
- Family Party of Germany
- Alliance C – Christians for Germany
- Christian Democratic Union of Germany
Georgia
Greece
Hungary
India
- Bharatiya Janata Party
- All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen
- Shiv Sena
- Maharashtra Navnirman Sena
- National People's Party
Ireland
- Aontú
- Renua Ireland
Israel
Italy
- The People of Family[27] (Il Popolo della Famiglia)
- Christian Italy[28] (Italia Cristiana)
- Union of the Centre[29][30]
Japan
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
- Alternative Democratic Reform Party
- Déi Konservativ
Malaysia
- United Malays National Organization(UMNO)
- Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU)
- Homeland Fighters' Party(PEJUANG)
Mexico
Moldova
- Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova
- Revival Party
- Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova
Netherlands
- Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA)
- Christian Union (CU)
- Political Movement Denk (Denk)
- Reformed Political Party (SGP)
New Zealand
- New Conservative Party
- New Zealand First
Norway
- Christian Democratic Party
- The Christians Party
- Progress Party (Norway)
Philippines
Poland
- Law and Justice
- United Poland
- The Republicans
Portugal
Romania
- Social Democratic Party
- People's Movement Party
- Alliance for the Union of Romanians
- Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania
Russia
- United Russia
- CPRF
- LDPR
- A Just Russia
Slovakia
- Christian Democratic Movement
- Slovak National Party
- We Are Family
- People's Party Our Slovakia
- Republic
- Christian Union
Spain
- Vox
- People's Party
Serbia
- Serbian Radical Party
- Dveri
- Healthy Serbia
- Better Serbia
- Democratic Party of Serbia
- People's Freedom Movement
- Serbian Party Oathkeepers
- Serbian Right
Sweden
Switzerland
- Swiss People's Party
- Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland
- Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland
- Christian Social Party
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Northern Ireland
United States
- Republican Party
- Constitution Party
- Prohibition Party
- American Solidarity Party
- Christian Liberty Party
- Alaskan Independence Party
- American Independent Party
Social conservative factions of political parties
- Blue Labour (Labour Party (UK))
- Cornerstone Group (Conservative Party (UK))
- House Freedom Caucus (Republican Party (USA))
- National Right (Liberal Party of Australia)
- Republican Study Committee (Republican Party (USA))
See also
- Christian right
- Social inertia: the prevention of social change
- Social liberalism
- Victorian morality
- Paleoconservatism
- Traditionalist conservatism
- Social conservatism in Canada
- Social conservatism in the United States
- Anti-abortion movement
- Family values
References
- ^ .
- ^ Cooper, Melinda (2019). Family Values: Between Neoliberalism and the New Social Conservatism. Zone Books.
- ISBN 9781784412227.
- ^ a b "Social Conservatism". Populism Studies. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
- ISBN 9781101201374.
- ISBN 9780742540415.
- ^ Booten, Matthew (11 May 2020). "19 different types of conservatives". Politic-Ed.
Social conservatism often opposes state-atheism, however not necessarily atheism itself. They believe that if we allow states to stop believing in God, that societal order will simply break down as a result.
- ]
- ^ West, Ed (2020). Small Men on the Wrong Side of History: The Decline, Fall and Unlikely Return of Conservatism.
- ^ Robin, Corey. The Reactionary Mind: Conservatism from Edmund Burke to Donald Trump. Oxford University Press.
- ^ "NSW Premier Dominic Perrottet agrees to gay conversion therapy ban".
- ^ "NSW election 2023: Perrottet puts caveats on gay conversion law".
- ^ John Middlemist Herrick and Paul H. Stuart, eds. Encyclopedia of social welfare history in North America (2005) p. 143
- ^ David M. Haskell, Through a lens darkly: how the news media perceive and portray evangelicals (2009) p 57
- ^ Murray Dobbin, Preston Manning and the Reform Party (1991)
- ^ "Same-sex marriages declared legal and valid by federal justice minister Rob Nicholson". National Post. 13 January 2012.
- ^ "Facing Population Decline, China's Xi Promotes 'Childbirth Culture' for Women". Time. 31 October 2023.
- ^ Press Trust of India (2 August 2003). "Muslim leaders oppose uniform civil code". Express India. Archived from the original on 25 September 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
- ^ JCW Van Rooyen, Censorship in South Africa (Cape Town: Juta and Co., 1987),
- ^ Bet and board in the new South Africa. (legalisation of gambling could lead to growth of casinos, lotteries)(Brief Article)The Economist (US) | 5 August 1995
- ^ Apartheid mythology and symbolism. desegregated and re-invented in the service of nation building in the new South Africa: the covenant and the battle of Blood/Ncome River
- ^ Riley, Jim. "Liberalism & Conservatism". academic.regis.edu. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
- ISBN 9781442612600.
- ^ Cramer, Clayton E. (2016). Social Conservatism in An Age of Revolution: Legislating Christian Morality in Revolutionary America.
- ISBN 9781784412227.
- ^ Darren Dochuk, From Bible Belt to Sun Belt: Plain-Folk Religion, Grassroots Politics, and the Rise of Evangelical Conservatism (W.W. Norton & Company; 2010) shows how migrants to Southern California from Oklahoma, Texas, and Arkansas provided evangelical support for social conservatism.
- ^ Il programma del Popolo della Famiglia di Mario Adinolfi Archived 18 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine (intelligonews)
- ^ Programma Archived 7 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine (Italia Cristiana)
- ^ Parties and Elections in Europe Archived 15 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved on 24 August 2013.
- ^ Piero Ignazi (2008). Partiti politici in Italia. Il Mulino, Bologna. p. 58.
- ^ Inada, Miho; Dvorak, Phred. "Same-Sex Marriage in Japan: A Long Way Away?" Archived 16 June 2016 at the Wayback Machine. The Wall Street Journal. 20 September 2013. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
- ISBN 978-0-271-02289-5. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ISBN 978-0-85793-292-1. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ISBN 978-1-349-56437-8. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
- ISBN 9781598841626.
... Because of this political strength, the Liberal Democratic Party has in recent years included the moderate to socially conservative Komeito Party in coalition governments.
- ^ "Philippines". World Encyclopedia of Political Systems and Parties. Facts On File. 1999. p. 887.
- ^ Perron, Louis (2009). Election Campaigns in the Philippines. Routledge. p. 361.
- ^ "Gay Marriage Bill In Northern Ireland Blocked Again By Socially Conservative Democratic Unionist Party". Huffingtonpost.co.uk. 27 April 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
Bibliography
- Heywood, Andrew (2017). Political Ideologies: An Introduction. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-60604-4.
Further reading
- ISBN 0-7658-0536-7
- ISBN 1-56000-555-6
- Fleming, Thomas, The Politics of Human Nature, (1988) ISBN 1-56000-693-5
- Gallagher, Maggie, The Abolition of Marriage: How We Destroy Lasting Love (1996) ISBN 0-89526-464-1
- Himmelfarb, Gertrude, The De-moralization Of Society (1996) ISBN 0-679-76490-9
- Hitchens, Peter, ISBN 0-7043-8117-6
- Jones, E. Michael, Degenerate Moderns: Modernity As Rationalized Sexual Misbehavior. (1993) ISBN 0-89870-447-2
- Kirk, Russell, The Conservative Mind, 7th Ed. (2001) ISBN 0-89526-171-5
- Magnet, Myron, Modern Sex: Liberation and Its Discontents (2001) ISBN 1-56663-384-2
- Medved, Diane and Dan Quayle, The American Family: Discovering the Values That Make Us Strong (1997) ISBN 0-06-092810-7
- Sobran, Joseph, Single Issues: Essays on the Crucial Social Questions (1983) ISBN 1-199-24333-7.
External links
- Media related to Social conservatism at Wikimedia Commons