Sodium percarbonate

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other uses, see Sodium peroxycarbonate.
Sodium percarbonate

Crystal structure at 100 K [1]
Names
IUPAC name
sodium carbonate—hydrogen peroxide (2/3)
Other names
Sodium carbonate peroxide,[2] sodium carbonate sesquiperhydrate, PCS, SPC, solid hydrogen peroxide, Sodium carbonate hydrogen peroxide, sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard
 100.036.082 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 239-707-6
RTECS number
  • FG0750000
UNII
UN number 3378
  • InChI=1S/CH2O4.Na/c2-1(3)5-4;/h4H,(H,2,3);/q;+1/p-1 checkY
    Key: MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY
  • InChI=1S/CH2O4.Na/c2-1(3)5-4;/h4H,(H,2,3);/q;+1/p-1
    Key: MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-REWHXWOFAO
  • Key: MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
  • [Na+].[O-]C(=O)OO
Properties
Na2CO3·1.5 H2O2
Molar mass 156.982 g/mol
Appearance White solid
150 g/l
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Irritant, oxidizer
Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions
 Sodium carbonate
Sodium bicarbonate
Other cations
 Calcium percarbonate
Magnesium percarbonate
Related compounds
 Sodium perborate
Sodium persulfate
Sodium perphosphate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Sodium percarbonate, or sodium carbonate peroxide is a

hygroscopic and water-soluble solid.[3]
It is sometimes abbreviated as SPC. It contains 32.5% by weight of hydrogen peroxide.

The product is used in some

cleaning products.[3]

History

Sodium percarbonate was first prepared in 1899 by

Sebastian Moiseevich Tanatar (7 October 1849 – 30 November 1917).[4]

Structure

At room temperature, solid sodium percarbonate has the

orthorhombic crystal structure, with the Cmca crystallographic space group. The structure changes to Pbca as the crystals are cooled below about −30 °C.[1]

Chemistry

Dissolved in water, sodium percarbonate yields a mixture of hydrogen peroxide (which eventually decomposes to water and

cations Na+
, and carbonate CO2−
3.[3][5]

Production

Sodium percarbonate is produced industrially by crystallization of a solution of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide, with proper control of the pH and concentrations.[6][1][7] This is also a convenient laboratory method.

Alternatively, dry sodium carbonate may be treated directly with concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution.[8]

It may also be formed from a process starting from sodium peroxide; when absolute ethyl alcohol reacts with sodium peroxide at 0 °C, a perhydroxide is produced.[citation needed]

C
2H
5OH + Na
2O
2 → O:NaOH + C
2H
5ONa.

Carbon dioxide converts it into sodium hydrogen percarbonate.

World production capacity of this compound was estimated at several hundred thousand tons for 2004.[9]

Uses

As an

Tide laundry detergent,[3] and Vanish.[5]

Many commercial products mix a percentage of sodium percarbonate with sodium carbonate. The average "Oxy" product in the supermarket contains 35–40% sodium percarbonate with about 5% active oxygen when titrated.

Sodium percarbonate is also used as a cleaning agent in homebrewing.[10]

Sodium percarbonate can be used in organic synthesis as a convenient source of anhydrous H2O2, in particular in solvents that cannot dissolve the carbonate but can leach the H2O2 out of it.[11] A method for generating trifluoroperacetic acid in situ for use in Baeyer–Villiger oxidations from sodium percarbonate and trifluoroacetic anhydride has been reported; it provides a convenient and cheap approach to this reagent without the need to obtain highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide.[12][13]

References

  1. ^ a b c R. G. Pritchard & E. Islam (2003). "Sodium percarbonate between 293 and 100 K".
    PMID 14586079
    .
  2. ^ "Substance Name: Sodium carbonate peroxide". Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  3. ^
    ISBN 0-85404-536-8
    .
  4. doi:10.1002/cber.18990320233
    .
  5. ^
    Reckitt Benckiser
    (the manufacturers of Vanish).
  6. doi:10.1107/S0567740877011790
  7. ^ Alun P. James, Graham R. Horne, Richard Roesler, and others (1997): "Process for producing sodium percarbonate". US Patent US6231828B1, priority date 1997-03-26.
  8. ^ Sang Ryul Kim, Chong Yun Kwag, Hwan Kee Heo, Jong-Pill Lee (1996): "Process for manufacturing granular sodium percarbonate". US Patent US5851420A, priority date 1996-02-29
  9. ISBN 978-3527306732.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  10. ^ "Sodium Percarbonate". MoreBeer.com. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  11. doi:10.1016/0040-4020(95)00304-Q
    .
  12. ^ Kang, Ho-Jung; Jeong, Hee-Sun (1996). "New Method of Generating Trifluoroperoxyacetic acid for the Baeyer-Villiger Reaction". Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 17 (1): 5–6.
  13. ISBN 978-0471936237
    .

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sodium_percarbonate&oldid=1217813424"